Search results for: 'Peptide'

类别: Aminopeptidase ACE Calpains Cathepsin Gamma Secretase MMP Thrombin Other Proteases Endogenous Metabolite Mitochondrial Metabolism PAI-1 Ser/Thr Protease Caspase Bax Bcl-2 Family IAP TNF-α Other Apoptosis PD-1/PD-L1 interaction Pyroptosis Histone Acetyltransferases Histone Demethylases Histone Methyltransferase HIF Protein Ser/Thr Phosphatases Citrullination Histones/Histone Peptides PPAR Neuronal Metabolism P450 Others Bone Growth & Remodeling Carbohydrate Metabolism Cofactors & Vitamins Dyslipidemias Metabolic Syndrome Necrosis Nutrient Sensing Reproductive Biology Sterol Biosynthesis PKA p38 JNK cAMP Broad Spectrum Protein Kinase Inhibitor EGFR Insulin Receptor Src Trk ATM/ATR CDK DNA/RNA Synthesis Casein Kinase Akt AMPK GSK-3 PI3K S6 Kinase Antibiotic HCV HIV Antifungal Bacterial Parasite SARS-CoV Coronaviruses Dengue Entry/Fusion Inhibitors Yellow Fever COVID-19 Antiviral Microtubule/Tubulin Dynamin ECM & Adhesion Molecules Cytoskeleton & Motor Proteins Endomembrane System & Vesicular Trafficking Proteolysis Autophagy Proteasome STAT PKC Integrin PAR1 Neuropeptide FF/AF Receptors Formyl Peptide Receptors 5-HT Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Apelin Receptor Angiotensin Receptor Bombesin Receptors Bradykinin Receptors Calcitonin and Related Receptors Cannabinoid Receptor CaSR CCK1 Receptors CCR Chemokine Receptors CRF2 Receptors CXCR Endothelin Receptor ETB Receptors Galanin Receptors Ghrelin Receptors GIP Receptor Glucagon Receptor Melanin-concentrating Hormone Receptors Melanocortin (MC) Receptors Motilin Receptor Non-selective CRF Neurotensin Receptors NOP Receptor NPY Receptors Orphan 7-TM Receptors OX Receptor Oxytocin Receptors Peptide Receptors Protease-Activated Receptors Secretin Receptors Somatostatin Receptor Vasopressin Receptor Ras Urotensin-II Receptor VIP Receptors Neuromedin U Receptors mAChR Neurokinin Receptor Notch Wnt/β-catenin Cancer stem cell YAP AMPAR Calcium Channel Pannexin-1 Potassium Channel TRP Channel Kainate Receptors Na+/K+ ATPase iGluR Cancer Biology Peptides Ras-like GTPases Tumor Microenvironment Cell Migration & Metastasis GnRH Opioid Receptor Thyroid hormone Receptor TRH Glucocorticoids & Mineralocorticoids AChR Alzheimer Amyloid β CGRP DAPK Gap Junction GluR Histamine Receptor Neuroscience Peptides Nicotinic Receptor Substance P/NK1 Receptor CaMK Behavioral Neuroscience Neuroendocrinology Neuroprotection Ophthalmology Pain Research Parkinson Prion Diabetes NAFLD & NASH Obesity Peptide Inhibitors and Substrate Other Signal Transduction Papain TLR NF-κB Interleukin Related Complement System IFNAR NO Synthase NOD-like Receptor (NLR) STING Reactive Oxygen Species Apoptosis Glutathione Adaptive Immunity Allergy Arthritis Autoimmunity Gastric Disease Innate Immunity Pulmonary Diseases PSMA Acute Phase Reactants Arrhythmia Atherosclerosis Chronic Kidney Disease Coagulation & Hemostasis Diabetic Nephropathy Endothelium Erythrocytes & Hemoglobin Heart Failure Hypertension Hypotension Lipoproteins Myocardial Contractility Myocardial Hypertrophy Myocardial Infarction Serum Proteins Smooth Muscle Cells Stroke Vasoconstriction Thrombosis Vasodilation ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC Antioxidants Carbohydrate Oxidation Lipid Peroxidation Pro-Oxidant Activity Adenylate cyclase AT Receptors Cell Penetrating Peptide Cytokine Enzyme Substrates / Activators Fluorescent Probes Glycoprotein Guanylate Cyclase Guanylyl Cyclase MDR multidrug resistance Myosin Natriuretic Peptide Receptors Nitric Oxide Renin Tachykinin Transcription Factors Cyclase Toxicology Antiparasitics Toxins Peptide Coupling Reagents Amino Acids and Derivatives N-Protecting Reagents Other Reagents Other Resin and Derivatives Natural Products Screening Library Cyanine Dyes Affinity Probes Enzyme Substrates Fluorescence Biochemical Assay Reagents B type Natriuretic Peptide Transferase Insulin Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor GHRP GLP Glucagon Peptide Hormones Other Natural Proteins Other Superoxide Dismutase SARS Leukotrienes Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Prostaglandins Neuropeptides Tag Peptides Amyloid β protein Inhibitors and Substrates Peptide Epitopes Peptides for Drug Delivery Featured Products Food-Borne Illnesses MRSA Pneumonia STDs Tuberculosis Candidiasis Leishmaniasis Quorum Sensing Hepatitis

Cat.No. 产品名称 Information
GA21557 Fmoc-Cys(4-methoxytrityl)-OH
N-芴甲氧羰基-S-(4-甲氧基三苯甲基)-L-半胱氨酸
4-Methoxytrityl (Mmt) is a very acid-sensitive cysteine protecting group that can selectively be removed by 0.5-1.0% TFA in the presence of scavengers, e.g. TES. Protecting groups of the t-butyl type and S-Trt are left intact under these conditions. Cleavage and cyclization can be achieved concomitantly by adding iodine. It can be used in the solid-phase synthesis of cysteine-containing peptides, and further to selectively deprotect a thiol function in order to introduce a labeling group. Rijkers et al. employed p-methoxytrityl protection for obtaining S-palmitoylated peptides on-resin. The high acid lability of Cys(Mmt) was exploited by Roberts et al. to obtain a library of thioether-linked cyclic peptides. Arendt et al. employed Cys(Mmt) for the synthesis of peptides containing cysteic acid by selective deblocking and oxidation of the thiol moiety with performic acid. Mmt is fully stable to HOBt.
GA21423 ent-[Amyloid β-Protein (20-16)]-β-Ala-D-Lys(ent-[Amyloid β-Protein (16-20)]) This all-D peptide contains two retro-inverso peptide klvff motifs of KLVFF (H-3682) corresponding to amino acids 16 to 20 of amyloid β-protein. The tandem dimer retro-inverso peptide showed about a 100-fold higher binding affinity (Kd = 1.3 . 10?² µM) for amyloid β-protein (1-40) fibrils than KLVFF (Kd = 1.1 ± 0.3 µM). It was also found to be more effective in preventing ordered fibril formation than the parent peptide KLVFF as judged by its increased ability to inhibit thioflavin T binding to β-sheet structures.
GP10053 Prothrombin (474-477) [Mus musculus]
H2N-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-OH

Role in coagulation cascade
GA23669 Xanthenyl linker resin (200-400 mesh, 0.4-0.7 mmol/g) Sieber amide resin has been developed for the Fmoc-SPPS of fully t-butyl protected peptide amides. Cleavage can be achieved with 1% TFA in methylene chloride. Scavengers may be required. As N-methylation increases the acid-lability of the peptide bond, Malakoutikhah et al. employed Sieber resin for obtaining short peptide amides containing multiple MePhe residues.
GA23486 RVG-9R Chimeric rabies virus glycoprotein fragment peptide (RVG-9R peptide) was able to bind and transduce siRNA to neuronal cells in vitro, resulting in efficient gene silencing. Repeated administration of RVG-9R-bound siRNA did not induce inflammatory cytokines nor anti-peptide antibodies.
GA23481 RFRP-3 (rat) RFRP-3 belongs to a family of RFamide peptides termed RFamide-related peptides (RFRPs), reported to be present in the mammalian brain. The preproprotein of rat RFRPs contains two putative peptides RFRP-1 and RFRP-3 and it could be demonstrated by K.Ukena et al., that the octadecapeptide ANMEAGTMSHFPSLPQRF represents the mature form of RFPR-3 in the rat hypothalamus.
GA23098 IFN-γ Antagonist This peptide derived from the ligand binding site of the human γ-interferon (IFN-γ) receptor is an antagonist of human IFN-γ. It inhibited human IFN-γ-induced expression of HLR/DR antigen on Colo 205 cells with an approximate IC?? of 35 µM. Immobilized peptide specifically bound recombinant human IFN-γ (H-1728). Tyrosine substitution at residue 121 allowed facile quantification and conjugation of the peptide.
GA21826 Fmoc-Tyr(malonyl-di-OtBu)-OH
N-[(9H-芴-9-基甲氧基)羰基]-L-酪氨酸O-丙二酸二叔丁酯
The phosphotyrosine-mimicking amino acid Fmoc-Tyr(malonyl-di-OtBu)-OH can be used as a building block for the synthesis of cell-permeable protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitors. The effect of a malonyl-tyrosine containing peptide on PTP 1B catalyzed insulin receptor dephosphorylation has been examined and it was shown that this peptide inhibited PTP 1B 20 times more potently than the corresponding phosphotyrosine containing peptide.
GA21782 Fmoc-Pra-OH
FMOC-L-炔丙基甘氨酸
Building block for the synthesis of precursor peptides for tritiation, and for "click chemistry". Pra-containing peptides have been modified by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, e.g. with alkyl azides. Peptides containing a Pra residue and an α-azido acid have been cyclized in the presence of CuBr/Na-ascorbate via triazole formation. Educt for the synthesis of Phe-derivatives by rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition.
GA21256 Cecropin P1 Cecropin P1 (SWLSKTAKKLENSAKKRISEGIAIAIQGGPR), a homolog of insect cecropins isolated from pig intestine, was thought to be the first mammalian antimicrobial peptide. Later studies showed that the peptide is produced by the intestinal parasitic nematode Ascaris suum. The 31 amino acid peptide is highly potent against Gram-negative bacteria but has a reduced activity against Gram-positive bacteria. A disruptive effect on bacterial membranes has been proposed as mechanism of antimicrobial activity.
GA21254 Cecropin A (1-7)-Melittin A (2-9) amide Cecropin A (1-7)-Melittin A (2-9) amide, also referred to as CAMEL0, is a synthetic hybrid peptide that is composed of portions of the naturally occurring antibiotic peptide cecropin A and melittin. CAMEL0 shows a better antimicrobial activity than the native molecules, but lacks the hemolytic properties of melittin. Studies revealed that the range of its antimicrobial activity is not only restricted to aerobic microorganisms but also included several gram-negative and gram-positive anaerobic microorganisms. Through its ascertained broad spectrum of antibiotic activity, this hybrid peptide may also represent an effective substitute for ciprofloxacin in the treatment of anthrax infections.
GA20777 Apelin-36 (1-16) amide (human) SCNH2 ("selective apelin-36 cutting and amidation" peptide) is apelin-36-derived secondary bioactive peptide, highly expressed in human tumors and placenta and in mouse embryonic tissues. The peptide amide is mitogenic and chemotactic in normal and malignant cells and augments angiogenesis. SCNH2 is substantially more potent and sensitive than apelin-13 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A.
GA20697 Alarin (human) Alarin, APAHRSSTFPKWVTKTERGRQPLRS, is derived from a splice variant of galanin-like peptide (GALP) RNA. It shows potent and dose-dependent vasoconstrictor and anti-edema activity in the cutaneous microvasculature, as was also observed with other members of the galanin peptide family. Since alarin only shares five amino acids with GALP it is unlikely that the peptide can activate GALP-specific receptors. The neuropeptide has been reported to be expressed in ganglionic cells of human neuroblastic tumors and might therefore represent a potential tumor marker. glpbio provides this product solely for uses within the scope of any statute or law providing for an immunity, exemption, or exception to patent infringement ("Exempted Uses"), including but not limited to 35 U.S.C. § 271(e)(1) in the United States, the Bolar type exemption in Europe, and any corresponding exception to patent infringement in any other country. It is the sole responsibility of the purchaser or user of this product, and the purchaser or user of this product agrees to engage only in such Exempted Uses, and to comply with all applicable intellectual property laws and/or regulations. The purchaser of this product agrees to indemnify glpbio against all claims in connection with the performance of the respective commercial agreement (e.g. supply agreement) and possible infringements of intellectual property rights.
GA20422 4-Methyl-benzhydrylamine resin (200-400 mesh, 0.70-1.30 mmol/g) . HCl BHA resin turned out to be not sufficiently acid-labile for obtaining peptide amides with sterically hindered C-termini (e.g. Phe, Leu) applying standard cleavage conditions. Introduction of a 4-methyl substituent sufficiently increased the acid-lability of the peptide-resin linkage. Cleavage can be achieved with HF, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid or tetrafluoroboronic acid/thioanisole in TFA using scavengers such as m-cresol and ethanedithiol. This resin has been employed by Pei et al. in the synthesis of quinolinones from β-lactams, and in the conversion of linear peptide amides to cyclic ureas or thioureas.
GA20188 (Glu¹⁷·²¹·²⁴)-Osteocalcin (1-49) (human) The peptide hormone osteocalcin is involved not only in bone formation, it also plays an important role in glucose metabolism and could regulate testosteron. In mice, only the completely decarboxylated form of the peptide shows the latter hormonal activities, whereas in humans, osteocalcin, partially decarboxylated osteocalcins, and the uncarboxylated peptide seem to be involved. Generally, obese individuals have been shown to have lower osteocalcin(s) levels than non-obese controls, and type 2 diabetic individuals have lower plasma osteocalcin than non-diabetic individuals.
GA20182 (Gln²²)-Amyloid β-Protein (1-40) The Dutch mutation (E22Q) of amyloid β-peptide aggregates more readily than the wild-type peptide and the resulting fibrils show increased neurotoxicity. The mutant peptide E22Q induced apoptosis of cerebral endothelial cells at a concentration of 25 μm, whereas WT Aβ 1-40 and the Italian mutant E22K (H-6698) showed no effect.
GC16243 β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA
大豆肽
淀粉样蛋白 β 肽 (1-42) 人 TFA 是一种由 42 个氨基酸组成的肽。
GC92142 A8SGLP-1 (trifluoroacetate salt) A8SGLP-1 is a peptide agonist of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) and a derivative of GLP-1 (7-36) amide .
GC91862 Exendin-3 (9-39) amide (trifluoroacetate salt)
Exendin (9-39)
Exendin-3 (9-39) amide is a truncated form of the exendin-4 (48-86) amide peptide that acts as a potent competitive antagonist for the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R; Kd = 1.7 nM in CHL cells transfected with cloned human GLP-1).
GC38832 PF-06882961 Danuglipron (PF-06882961), a non-peptide agonist, activates the canonical G protein signaling activity only in the Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor with Trp33ECD.
GA23997 α-Synuclein (45-54) (human) Aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) into toxic fibrils is a pathogenic hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Most early onset mutations are located between residues 46-53. The sequence of α-synuclein (45-54) was used by Cheruvara and coworkers as a template for a peptide library. The authors isolated a 10-residue peptide antagonist that potently inhibits α-synuclein aggregation and associated toxicity at 1:1 stoichiometry.
GA23661 Uroguanylin Topoisomer A (human)
环鸟苷单磷酸(CGMP)调节肽
Uroguanylin belongs to the guanylin family of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) regulating peptides. This family of peptides shows homology to the heat stable enterotoxins produced by strains of Escherichia coli and other enteric bacteria that cause a secretory form of diarrhea. Along with the isolation of uroguanylin from urine and the subsequent demonstration of its natriuretic activity by direct effects on the kidney, uroguanylin has been suggested to play a role in the physiological maintenance of sodium balance in vivo. Uroguanylin activation of the guanylate cyclase-C/cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway elicited analgesic effects in animal models of colonic hypersensitivity, unraveling a novel pathway to treat abdominal pain (Silos-Santiago et al. (2013)).
GA23609 Thymic Factor
血清胸腺因子
For exerting its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity, the peptide hormone thymulin, pEAKSQGGSN, requires the presence of Zn(II). Thymulin showed promising results in experimental models of lung diseases as well as potential as an analgesic peptide.
GA23608 Thrombospondin-1 (1016-1023) (human, bovine, mouse) The octapeptide RFYVVMWK constitutes the active sequence within the 30-mer peptide named C? as it is essential for the cell attachment activity of the TS1 CBD. It supports the attachment of G361 melanoma cells and inhibits their adhesion to the rec CBD of TS1. Moreover, this peptide appears to be highly conserved in all TS1 isoforms, and a related sequence is also present in the fragment F9 of laminin. H-1414 (4N1) has been used as CD47 agonist (see also H-6414).
GA23388 Prokineticin 2 Isoform 2 (human) Prokineticin 2 (Bv8) is one of the first neuropeptides that appears to directly convey circadian rhythm signaling to other CNS structures and, therefore, it may be a critical output molecule regulating biological rhythms. The peptide has the capacity to strongly suppress nocturnal locomotor activity. Prokineticin 2 transmits the behavioural circadian rhythm of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The peptide binds to the G-protein-coupled receptor PKR2. Gardiner et al. showed that prokineticin 2 potently inhibits food intake.
GA23385 Proadrenomedullin (12-20) (human) The proadrenomedullin fragment 12-20 has vasodepressor activity in the rat and cat. Proadrenomedullin (12-20) (PAMP 12-20) was approximately 3-fold less potent than the full-sequence peptide, but the duration of the vasodepressor response to this fragment and to the full-sequence peptide was similar.
GA23382 Preptin (human) Preptin is a 34-amino acid peptide hormone, corresponding to Asp??-Leu¹?² of the proinsulin-like growth factor II E-peptide. It is co-secreted with insulin and amylin from the pancreatic β-cells and is a physiological amplifier of glucose-mediated insulin secretion. It is also anabolic to bone tissue and may contribute to the preservation of bone mass observed in hyperinsulinemic states such as obesity.
GA23377 Prepro-Atrial Natriuretic Factor (104-123) (human) Kaliuretic peptide (NT-pro-ANP (79-98)) is one of the proteolysis products of atrial natriuretic factor prohormone, which is synthesized in the heart. Kaliuretic peptide has the strongest potassium excreting properties of all atrial natriuretic peptides in humans. In addition, NT-pro-ANP (79-98) has blood pressure-lowering and diuretic properties.
GA23367 PHI-27 (porcine) Porcine intestinal peptide which belongs to the glucagon-secretin family. It exhibits biological activities similar to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and secretin.
GA23322 Orcokinin The myotropic peptide orcokinin was isolated from abdominal nerve cords of the crayfish, Orconectes limosus. Its structure has no relationship to any known peptide family. Orcokinin proved to be a highly potent stimulator of hindgut contractions.
GA23209 Myosin Light Chain Kinase (480-501) This peptide inhibited calmodulin-dependent activation of the smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase with an IC?? of 46 nM. At saturating concentrations of calmodulin, it inhibited myosin light chain and synthetic peptide substrate phosphorylation competitively with IC?? values of 2.7 and 0.9 µM, respectively.
GA23028 H-Val-Tyr-Val-OH VYV was used as internal standard peptide in urine analysis by LC-MS. The tripeptide is used in peptide standard mixtures for HPLC. Peptidic compound in various cosmetic formulations.
GA22977 H-Tyr-Ile-Tyr-Gly-Ser-Phe-Lys-OH The octapeptide YIYGSFK selected from a random combinatorial peptide library is a much more specific and efficient substrate for the Src-family protein tyrosine kinase than cdc2 (6-20), a peptide derived from 34p cdc2. Its Km value for p60 c-src (55 µM) is about 6.4-fold lower than that of the cdc2 (6-20) substrate.
GA22919 H-Thr-Asn-Arg-Asn-Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH₂ FMRF-like peptide F1 (TNRNFLRFamide), a peptide isolated from lobster, had powerful effects on the phasic extensor muscle.
GA22891 H-Ser-Ile-Gly-Ser-Leu-Ala-Lys-OH The tryptic peptide SIGSLAK originally isolated from E. coli contains the active site of penicillin-binding protein 1b. SIGSLAK has found use as model peptide, e.g., for method development in mass spectrometry or chromatography.
GA22884 H-Ser-Asp-Gly-Arg-Gly-OH SDGRG represents a scrambled RGD peptide, the reverted sequence of H-1345. Used as control peptide for RGDS and GRGDS.
GA22594 Hispidalin This bioactive peptide was purified from the seeds of the medicinal plant B. hispida. Referring to the published results of Sharma and coworkers, this novel peptide showed broad and potent inhibitory effects against various human bacterial and fungal pathogens; its growth inhibition was significantly comparable with commercial antibacterial and antifungal drugs.
GA22097 H-Arg-Val-Leu-psi(CH₂NH)Phe-Glu-Ala-Nle-NH₂ The peptide RVL-psi[CH2NH]FEA-Nle-amide containing a reduced peptide bond was found to be a competitive inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease (Ki = 50 nM).
GA22051 H-Arg(NO₂)-pNA · HBr Building block for the synthesis of peptide p-nitroanilide substrates containing a C-terminal Arg. The nitro group of the guanidyl residue can be removed by treating the blocked peptide with HF at 0 °C for 40 min.
GA21861 Fmoc-β-(7-methoxy-coumarin-4-yl)-Ala-OH Fmoc-protected coumarinyl alanine derivative useful for the incorporation of a fluorescent label into a peptide sequence during solid (SPPS) or solution phase peptide synthesis.
GA21783 Fmoc-Pro-DHPP resin (200-400 mesh, 0.4-0.7 mmol/g) DHPP-resin, i.e. 4-(1',1'-dimethyl-1'-hydroxypropyl)phenoxyacetyl-alanyl-aminomethyl resin, has been developed especially for the synthesis of peptides containing a C-terminal proline. The bulkiness of the linker prevents diketopiperazine formation. As the esterification of Fmoc-Pro-OH (yielding a modified t-butyl ester) is impeded as well, the resin is offered as loaded derivative. Peptides can be cleaved from this resin applying the standard protocols for the cleavage from Wang resin. Fmoc-Pro-DHPP-resin is an alternative to H-Pro-ClTrt-resin (D-2000) not only if an increased acid stability is required. The resin is more polar than 2-chlorotrityl resin and the Pro residue is more accessible.
GA21644 Fmoc-D-Pra-OH
FMOC-D-炔丙基甘氨酸
Building block for the synthesis of precursor peptides for tritiation, and for use in "click chemistry". D-Pra-containing peptides can be modified or cyclized by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, e.g. with alkyl azides. Fmoc-D-Pra-OH can be used for obtaining aryl-modified D-Phe derivatives via rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2]-cycloaddition.
GA21547 Fmoc-Asp-OMpe Derivative for synthesizing β-Asp peptides. Use of OMpe in place of OtBu significantly reduces aspartimide formation, a notorious base-catalyzed side-chain reaction observed with both linear and branched Asp-containing peptides during Fmoc-SPPS.
GA21489 Fmoc-4-methoxy-4'-(γ-carboxypropyloxy)-benzhydrylamine linked to Alanyl-aminomethyl resin (200-400 mesh, 0.3-0.6 mmol/g) Resin for Fmoc-synthesis of C-terminally amidated peptides. Peptides are cleaved by trifluoroacetic acid. Scavengers may be required.
GA21475 Fmoc-2,4-dimethoxy-4'-(carboxymethyloxy)-benzhydrylamine
4-[(2,4-二甲氧基苯基)(FMOC-氨基)甲基]苯氧乙酸
This Fmoc-amide linker (often called Knorr linker or Rink amide linker (RAM)) consists of a substituted benzhydrylamine residue attached to a moiety which can be coupled to commercially available amino-functionalized resins. It constitutes a very useful anchor group for solid phase peptide synthesis, from which the peptide is cleaved by TFA as an amide. For Fmoc-Rink amide AM resin see D-1675.
GA21458 Fibronectin Fragment (1376-1380) The short peptide PHSRN has been identified in the 9th type III fibronectin repeat as a key site for synergistic enhancement of the cell-adhesive activity of the RGD sequence in the 10th type III repeat. However, this synthetic peptide mediated a synergistic enhancement of cell-adhesive activity only when it was covalently linked to the corresponding site of a non-active recombinant construct consisting of the 8th and 10th type III fibronectin repeats. Miyamoto et al. observed that PHSRN ameliorates the inhibitory effects of conventional peritoneal dialysis fluids on peritoneal wound healing.
GA21427 Epinecidin-1 Epinecidin-1 is an antimicrobial peptide with antitumor and antiviral activity. It corresponds to positions 22-42 of the grouper (Epinephelus coioides) epinecidin-1 and shows structural homology to pleurocidin found in the winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus). The synthetic peptide Epinecidin-1 has the potential to serve as a therapeutic drug for use against bacterial infectious diseases.
GA21300 Cyclo(-Arg-Ala-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) c(RADfC), control peptide for the αvβ3 integrin binding cyclic RGD peptide c(RGDfC).
GA21282 Cortistatin-17 (human) Cortistatin-17 shows structural similarities to somatostatin. The peptide binds to all somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTR) in a similar way as the rat cortistatin. Its inhibitory effects on forskolin-stimulated cAMP production in chinese hamster ovary cells expressing SSTR2-5 are dose dependent but slightly less efficient than that of somatostatin-14. Like the rat cortistatin it has an effect on sleep and wakefulness pattern in rat. It decreases the light slow wave sleep (SWS1) and increases the deep slow wave sleep (SWS2) in a dose dependent manner. Administration of the peptide causes a temporary flattening of cortical and hippocampal electroencephalograms.
GA21192 Buccalin This modulatory neuropeptide has been colocalized with the small cardioactive peptides A and B to a single cholinergic motor neuron of Aplysia californica. Unlike the small cardioactive peptides, it seems to act presynaptically on the nerve terminals to inhibit acetylcholine release.

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