Hypothemycin
(Synonyms: 寄端霉素) 目录号 : GC43885A resorcylic acid lactone polyketide with diverse biological activities
Cas No.:76958-67-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >95.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Hypothemycin is a resorcylic acid lactone polyketide originally isolated from H. tricothecoides that has diverse biological activities, including fungicidal, kinase inhibitory, and anticancer properties.[1],[2],[3],[4,][5],[6] It is active against the pathogenic fungi P. litchii, completely inhibiting spore germination when used at a concentration of 0.78 µg/ml.[2] Hypothemycin inhibits MEK (IC50 = 15 nM) and other protein kinases containing a conserved cysteine residue in the ATP-binding domain, including ERK, PDGFR, VEGFR, PKD1, and MAPKAP5/MK5.[3],[4] It also inhibits transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) in vitro (IC50 = 33 nM).[5] Hypothemycin inhibits proliferation of cancer cell lines dependent on activating mutations, including A549, MV-4-11, and EOL1 cells (IC50s = 6, 0.006, and 0.0004 µM, respectively) and reduces tumor growth in Ma44 and HCT116 mouse xenograft models when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg per day.[4],[6]
Reference:
1. Agatsuma, T., Takahashi, A., Kabuto, C., et al. Revised structure and stereochemistry of hypothemycin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 41(2), 373-375 (1993).
2. Xu, L., Xue, J., Wu, P., et al. Antifungal activity of hypothemycin against Peronophythora litchii in vitro and in vivo. J. Agric. Food Chem. 61(42), 10091-10095 (2013).
3. Zhao, A., Lee, S.H., Mojena, M., et al. Resorcylic acid lactones: Naturally occurring potent and selective inhibitors of MEK. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 52(12), 1086-1094 (1999).
4. Schirmer, A., Kennedy, J., Murli, S., et al. Targeted covalent inactivation of protein kinases by resorcylic acid lactone polyketides. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 103(11), 4234-4239 (2006).
5. Fakhouri, L., El-Elimat, T., Hurst, D.P., et al. Isolation, semisynthesis, covalent docking and transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)-inhibitory activities of (5Z)-7-oxozeaenol analogues. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 23(21), 6993-6999 (2015).
6. Tanaka, H., Nishida, K., Sugita, K., et al. Antitumor efficacy of hypothemycin, a new Ras-signaling inhibitor. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 90(10), 1139-1145 (1999).
| Cas No. | 76958-67-3 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 寄端霉素 | ||
| 化学名 | (1aR,3S,4S,6Z,9S,15bR)-1a,8,9,15b-tetrahydro-3,4,12-trihydroxy-14-methoxy-9-methyl-3H-oxireno[k][2]benzoxacyclotetradecin-5,11(2H,4H)-dione | ||
| Canonical SMILES | COC1=CC(O)=C(C(O[C@@H](C)C/C=C\C2=O)=O)C([C@@H]3[C@](O3)([H])C[C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)=C1 | ||
| 分子式 | C19H22O8 | 分子量 | 378.4 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: 10 mg/ml | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.6427 mL | 13.2135 mL | 26.4271 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5285 mL | 2.6427 mL | 5.2854 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2643 mL | 1.3214 mL | 2.6427 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Semisynthesis of Hypothemycin Analogues Targeting the C8-C9 Diol
J Nat Prod 2022 Aug 26;85(8):2018-2025.PMID:PMC9677340DOI:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00434.
Hypothemycin, an epoxide derivative of (5Z)-7-oxozeaenol, was used in the semisynthesis of a series of C8-C9 diol derivatives, with many inhibiting TAK1 at submicromolar concentrations. A step-economical approach was chosen, whereby nonselective reactions functionalized the diol to generate multiple analogues in a single reaction. Using this approach, 35 analogues were synthesized using 12 reactions, providing a wealth of information about the role that the C8-C9 diol plays in TAK1 inhibition and cytotoxicity in ovarian and breast cancer cell lines. Monofunctionalized analogues exhibited strong inhibition of TAK1, showing potential for modification of this section of the molecule to assist with solubility, formulation, and other desirable properties. Most analogues were cytotoxic, and three compounds had similar or slightly increased potency with >100-fold improvement in solubility profiles.
Hypothemycin inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α production by tristetraprolin-dependent down-regulation of mRNA stability in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages
Int Immunopharmacol 2015 Dec;29(2):863-868.PMID:26371861DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2015.08.030.
Hypothemycin, a resorcylic acid lactone polyketide, has been shown to inhibit oncogenic ras-transformation and T cell activation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Hypothemycin on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production in macrophages and the molecular mechanisms involved in this effect. Hypothemycin potently suppressed the TNF-α production without affecting nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. However, Hypothemycin had no effect on the activity of TNF-α-converting enzyme, a key enzyme for converting membrane-bound pro-TNF-α into soluble TNF-α. Further study demonstrated that the stability of TNF-α mRNA was decreased by Hypothemycin treatment. In addition, Hypothemycin suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and ERK. Moreover, knockdown of tristetraprolin (TTP), which is an important trans-acting regulator of TNF-α mRNA stability and downstream target of p38 MAPK and ERK, reversed hypothemycin-mediated inhibition of TNF-α mRNA expression. Collectively, our results suggest that Hypothemycin suppresses TNF-α production by TTP-dependent destabilization of TNF-α mRNA and this is mediated, at least in part, by blocking the activation of p38 MAPK and ERK.
Hypothemycin inhibits the proliferative response and modulates the production of cytokines during T cell activation
Immunopharmacology 1999 Nov;44(3):255-65.PMID:10598882DOI:10.1016/s0162-3109(99)00085-5.
Hypothemycin, a resorcylic acid lactone antibiotic, was identified as active in a screen for inhibitors of T cell activation. It was found to inhibit the proliferation of mouse and human T cells stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb + PMA and of human PBMC stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb alone. This inhibition was partially reversed by exogenous IL-2 indicating that it is not due to non-specific toxicity. Hypothemycin potently suppressed the production of IL-2 (IC50: 9 nM) but affected IL-2-induced proliferation to a lesser extent (IC50: 194 nM). Hypothemycin also inhibited IL-6, IL-10, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production. By contrast, it markedly enhanced the production of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13. These effects were seen both at the mRNA and protein secretion levels. Analysis of the effect of Hypothemycin on CD69 induction suggested that it disrupts calcineurin-independent rather than calcineurin-dependent signaling. Furthermore, Hypothemycin was able to inhibit the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 induced by PMA treatment of T cells. Therefore, Hypothemycin represents an inhibitor of T cell activation with a novel mode of action and unique modulatory activity on cytokine production.
Hypothemycin, a fungal natural product, identifies therapeutic targets in Trypanosoma brucei [corrected]
Elife 2013 Jul 9;2:e00712.PMID:23853713DOI:10.7554/eLife.00712.
Protein kinases are potentially attractive therapeutic targets for neglected parasitic diseases, including African trypanosomiasis caused by the protozoan, Trypanosoma brucei. How to prioritize T. brucei kinases and quantify their intracellular engagement by small-molecule inhibitors remain unsolved problems. Here, we combine chemoproteomics and RNA interference to interrogate trypanosome kinases bearing a Cys-Asp-Xaa-Gly motif (CDXG kinases). We discovered that Hypothemycin, a fungal polyketide previously shown to covalently inactivate a subset of human CDXG kinases, kills T. brucei in culture and in infected mice. Quantitative chemoproteomic analysis with a hypothemycin-based probe revealed the relative sensitivity of endogenous CDXG kinases, including TbGSK3short and a previously uncharacterized kinase, TbCLK1. RNAi-mediated knockdown demonstrated that both kinases are essential, but only TbCLK1 is fully engaged by cytotoxic concentrations of Hypothemycin in intact cells. Our study identifies TbCLK1 as a therapeutic target for African trypanosomiasis and establishes a new chemoproteomic tool for interrogating CDXG kinases in their native context. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00712.001.
Cytotoxic Hypothemycin analogues from Hypomyces subiculosus
J Nat Prod 2006 Oct;69(10):1456-9.PMID:17067161DOI:10.1021/np060258o.
Three new Hypothemycin analogues were isolated from the fungal strains Hypomyces subiculosus DSM 11931 and DSM 11932. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, chemical conversion, and X-ray crystallographic analysis. One of the analogues, 4-O-demethylhypothemycin, exhibited potent and selective cytotoxic activity against cell lines with a BRAF mutation.