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Home >> Signaling Pathways >> Immunology/Inflammation >> Reactive Oxygen Species

Reactive Oxygen Species(活性氧)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Products for  Reactive Oxygen Species

  1. Cat.No. 产品名称 Information
  2. GC62370 Sodium thiocyanate

    硫氰酸钠; Thiocyanate sodium

     Sodium Thiocyanate (NaSCN, Sodium rhodanide, Sodium sulfocyanate, Sodium rhodanate), one of the main sources of the thiocyanate anion, is used as a precursor for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other specialty chemicals. Sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) reduces IL-6, whereas increases IL-10 levels. Sodium thiocyanate also reduces ROS.
  3. GC63197 Sonlicromanol

    KH176

    Sonlicromanol (KH176) 是具有口服活性的活性氧 (ROS) 的调节剂。可用于线粒体疾病的研究。
  4. GC63198 Sonlicromanol hydrochloride

    KH176 hydrochloride

     Sonlicromanol (KH176) hydrochloride 是 Trolox 的衍生物，是可透过血脑屏障的 ROS-redox 调节剂。Sonlicromanol (KH176) hydrochloride 可用于线粒体相关疾病研究。
  5. GC44918 SOTS-1 (technical grade)

    Superoxide Thermal Source, Di(4Carboxybenzyl)Hyponitrite

    A chemical source of superoxide anion in aqueous solution
  6. GC64234 Spiraeoside

    绣线菊甙,Quercetin 4′-O-glucoside

     Spiraeoside 是具有口服活性的天然产物，具有抗氧化活性，抑制活性氧和丙二醛的生成。Spiraeoside 具有抗过敏、抗炎、抗肿瘤活性。
  7. GC32216 Squalene (Super Squalene)

    角鲨烯; Super Squalene; trans-Squalene; AddaVax

     A biosynthetic precursor to steroids
  8. GC40922 SRS11-92

    AA9

     A ferroptosis inhibitor
  9. GC44947 SRS16-86 A ferroptosis inhibitor
  10. GC49500 Stobadine

    2,8-二甲基-2,3,4,4A,5,9B-六氢-1H-吡啶并[4,3-B]吲哚二盐酸盐

     A pyridoindole antioxidant
  11. GC31709 Succinobucol (AGI-1067)

    AGI-1067; Probucol monosuccinate

     A probucol derivative with diverse biological activities
  12. GC37700 Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt

    琥珀酰膦酸盐

     Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt (SP) 琥珀酰膦酸三钠盐是 α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶 (KGDHC ) 抑制剂，可有效抑制肌肉，细菌，脑和人成纤维细胞中的 KGDHC。Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt (SP) 抑制 2-氧代戊二酸脱氢酶 (OGDH)，以细胞特异性代谢依赖性方式损害癌细胞的活力。Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt (SP) 抑制谷氨酸诱导的谷氨酸刺激的海马神经元中的 ROS 产生。
  13. GC30532 Sulcotrione

    磺草酮

    Sulcotrione是β-三酮除草剂，可以抑制羟基苯基丙酮酸双加氧酶(HPPD)。
  14. GC48764 Sydowinin B

    MS-347b

     A xanthone polyketide with immunosuppressant activity
  15. GC48120 T-2 Toxin-13C24

    Fusariotoxin T-2-13C24, Insariotoxin-13C24, Mycotoxin T-2-13C24

     A neuropeptide with diverse biological activities
  16. GC44989 TAN 420E

    Dihydroherbimycin A

     A bacterial metabolite
  17. GC49426 Taurine-d4

    牛磺酸-D4,2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid-d4

     An internal standard for the quantification of taurine
  18. GC39512 Tempo

    2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氧化物

     Tempo 是一种经典的一氧化氮自由基，也 是一种线粒体 ROS 的选择性清除剂，可在催化循环中使超氧化物歧化。Tempo 可诱导 DNA 链断裂，并可用作将伯醇氧化为醛的有机催化剂。Tempo 具有诱变和抗氧化作用。
  19. GC72755 Tempol-d17,15N

    4-Hydroxy-TEMPO-d17,15N

     Tempol-d17,15N是氘标记的Tempol。
  20. GC45010 TEMPONE

    4-氧-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基

     A 4-oxo derivative of the spin trap TEMPO
  21. GC34115 Tetrahydroxyquinone (Tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone)

    四羟基苯醌,Tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone; Tetrahydroxybenzoquinone

     A redox-active hydroxyquinone
  22. GC61665 Tetrahydroxyquinone monohydrate

    四羟基苯醌水合物,Tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone monohydrate; Tetrahydroxybenzoquinone monohydrate

     A redox-active hydroxyquinone
  23. GC73212 TH-6 TH-6是一种强效的HDAC抑制剂，HDAC1、HDAC2、HDAC3、HDAC6、HDAC8的IC50分别为0.115、0.135、0.242、0.138、2.120µM。
  24. GC48162 Theobromine-d6

    可可碱-D6(二甲基-D6),3,7-Dimethylxanthine-d6

     An internal standard for the quantification of theobromine
  25. GC45578 Thymohydroquinone

    瑞香[草]氫醌

     A quinone with diverse biological activities
  26. GC40555 Tiopronin

    BRN 1859822, (±)-Tiopronin

     Tiopronin is an antioxidant that has diverse biological activities.
  27. GC91083 Tiopronin-Cysteine Disulfide

    α-Mercaptopropionylglycine-Cysteine Disulfide

    一种硫普罗宁的代谢产物。
  28. GC49062 Tiopronin-d3

    (±)-Tiopronin-d3

     An internal standard for the quantification of tiopronin
  29. GC45059 TMB (hydrochloride hydrate)

    3,3',5,5'-四甲基苯并啶二盐酸酸水合物

     Chromogenic substrate for monitoring heme peroxidase activity
  30. GC31377 Tofogliflozin hydrate (CSG-452 hydrate)

    托格列净,CSG-452 hydrate

     A potent inhibitor of SGLT2
  31. GC45066 Tosyl Phenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone

    L-1,4'-甲基磺酰基-2-苯基乙基氯甲基酮,L-1-Tosylamido-2-phenylethyl chloromethyl ketone; L-TPCK

     An inhibitor of chymotrypsin-like serine proteases
  32. GC48194 trans-Resveratrol-d4

    trans-Resveratrol-d4; SRT501-d4

     An internal standard for the quantification of trans-resveratrol
  33. GC40736 trans-trismethoxy Resveratrol

    3,4',5-三甲氧基-反-二苯代乙烯,trans-trismethoxy Resveratrol; E-Resveratrol Trimethyl Ether; Tri-O-methylresveratrol

     A stilbene with diverse biological activities
  34. GC48414 Tribuloside (hydrate)

    Kaempferol 3-β-D-(6\-p-coumaroyl)glucoside

     A flavonoid with antibacterial and antioxidant activities
  35. GC40928 Trimethylamine N-oxide

    三甲胺N-氧化物

    A metabolite of choline, phosphatidylcholine, and L-carnitine
  36. GC19457 Trolox

    奎诺二甲基丙烯酸酯

    Vitamin E derivative with antioxidant properties
  37. GC68461 TrxR-IN-5 TrxR-IN-5 (化合物 4f) 是一种有效的 TrxR 硫氧还蛋白还原酶抑制剂，其 IC50 值为 0.16 μM。TrxR-IN-5 增加 ROS 水平，从而产生有效的抗增殖作用。TrxR-IN-5 具有显著的抗肿瘤和抗转移作用。
  38. GC49329 Turkesterone (hydrate) A phytoecdysteroid with diverse biological activities
  39. GC33827 Uric acid

    尿酸

     Uric Acid (2,6,8-Trioxypurine, 2,6,8-Trihydroxypurine, 2,6,8-Trioxopurine), a normal component of urine, is a product of the metabolic breakdown of purine nucleotides.
  40. GC15168 Urolithin A

    尿石素A

     Urolithin A是由鞣花酸和鞣花单宁代谢产生的一种活性成分，可作为酪氨酸酶（IC50值为71.44±10.07µmol/L）和单胺氧化酶A（IC50值为29.41±9.01µmol/L）的强效抑制剂。
  41. GC60377 Urolithin C

    尿石素C

     UrolithinC，是鞣花酸的多酚类肠道微生物代谢产物，是胰岛素分泌(insulinsecretion)的葡萄糖依赖性激活剂。UrolithinC是一种L型Ca2+通道开放剂，可增强Ca2+的流入。UrolithinC通过线粒体介导的途径诱导细胞凋亡(apoptosis)，并刺激活性氧(ROS)的形成。
  42. GC45131 Urotensin II (human) (trifluoroacetate salt)

    hU II

     A neuropeptide agonist of the urotensin II receptor
  43. GC61371 Veratric acid

    藜芦酸

     Veratricacid(3,4-Dimethoxybenzoicacid)是从蔬菜和水果中得到的多酚物质，可口服，具有抗氧化、保护心血管和抗炎活性。当细胞受到UVB辐射时，Veratricacid能够减少上调的COX-2表达，降低PGE2和IL-6水平。
  44. GC33632 Veratric acid (3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid)

    藜芦酸; 3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid

     Veratric acid (3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid), a simple benzoic acid derived from plants and fruits, has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, and blood pressure-lowering effects. Veratric acid reduces upregulated COX-2 expression, and levels of PGE2, IL-6 after UVB irradiation.
  45. GC48247 Verrucarin A

    疣孢菌素,Muconomycin A

     A macrocyclic trichothecene with diverse biological activities
  46. GC71872 Verrucarin J Verrucarin J（毛霉素B）是Myrothecium真菌家族的代谢产物。
  47. GC19377 Visomitin

    SKQ1溴化物,SKQ1

     A mitochondrial antioxidant
  48. GC10042 Vitamin E

    天然维生素E

     脂溶性维生素
  49. GC45595 Vulpinic Acid

    吴耳酸

     A lichen metabolite with diverse biological activities
  50. GN10074 Xanthotoxol

    花椒毒醇,8-Hydroxypsoralen

     A coumarin with diverse biological activities
  51. GC64552 XJB-5-131 XJB-5-131 是一种靶向线粒体的 ROS 和电子清除剂。XJB-5-131 是双功能抗氧化剂，包含自由基清除剂。XJB-5-131 是针对线粒体的合成抗氧化剂。XJB-5-131 是有效的脐带血单核细胞 (CB MNC) 电离辐射保护剂和缓和剂。

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