Reactive Oxygen Species(活性氧)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O₂^-), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Products for Reactive Oxygen Species

Cat.No. 产品名称 Information
GC45010 TEMPONE A 4-oxo derivative of the spin trap TEMPO
GC34115 Tetrahydroxyquinone (Tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone) A redox-active hydroxyquinone
GC61665 Tetrahydroxyquinone monohydrate A redox-active hydroxyquinone
GC48162 Theobromine-d6 An internal standard for the quantification of theobromine
GC45578 Thymohydroquinone A quinone with diverse biological activities
GC49062 Tiopronin-d3 An internal standard for the quantification of tiopronin
GC45059 TMB (hydrochloride hydrate) Chromogenic substrate for monitoring heme peroxidase activity
GC31377 Tofogliflozin hydrate (CSG-452 hydrate) A potent inhibitor of SGLT2
GC45066 Tosyl Phenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone An inhibitor of chymotrypsin-like serine proteases
GC48194 trans-Resveratrol-d4 An internal standard for the quantification of trans-resveratrol
GC40736 trans-trismethoxy Resveratrol A stilbene with diverse biological activities
GC48414 Tribuloside (hydrate) A flavonoid with antibacterial and antioxidant activities
GC40928 Trimethylamine N-oxide
A metabolite of choline, phosphatidylcholine, and L-carnitine
GC19457 Trolox
Vitamin E derivative with antioxidant properties
GC68461 TrxR-IN-5 TrxR-IN-5 (化合物 4f) 是一种有效的 TrxR 硫氧还蛋白还原酶抑制剂，其 IC50 值为 0.16 μM。TrxR-IN-5 增加 ROS 水平，从而产生有效的抗增殖作用。TrxR-IN-5 具有显著的抗肿瘤和抗转移作用。
GC49329 Turkesterone (hydrate) A phytoecdysteroid with diverse biological activities
GC33827 Uric acid Uric Acid (2,6,8-Trioxypurine, 2,6,8-Trihydroxypurine, 2,6,8-Trioxopurine), a normal component of urine, is a product of the metabolic breakdown of purine nucleotides.
GC15168 Urolithin A
A metabolite of ellagic acid with diverse biological activities
GC60377 Urolithin C UrolithinC，是鞣花酸的多酚类肠道微生物代谢产物，是胰岛素分泌(insulinsecretion)的葡萄糖依赖性激活剂。UrolithinC是一种L型Ca2+通道开放剂，可增强Ca2+的流入。UrolithinC通过线粒体介导的途径诱导细胞凋亡(apoptosis)，并刺激活性氧(ROS)的形成。
GC61371 Veratric acid Veratricacid(3,4-Dimethoxybenzoicacid)是从蔬菜和水果中得到的多酚物质，可口服，具有抗氧化、保护心血管和抗炎活性。当细胞受到UVB辐射时，Veratricacid能够减少上调的COX-2表达，降低PGE2和IL-6水平。
GC33632 Veratric acid (3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid) Veratric acid (3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid), a simple benzoic acid derived from plants and fruits, has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, and blood pressure-lowering effects. Veratric acid reduces upregulated COX-2 expression, and levels of PGE2, IL-6 after UVB irradiation.
GC48247 Verrucarin A A macrocyclic trichothecene with diverse biological activities
GC19377 Visomitin A mitochondrial antioxidant
GC10042 Vitamin E 脂溶性维生素
GC45595 Vulpinic Acid A lichen metabolite with diverse biological activities
GN10074 Xanthotoxol A coumarin with diverse biological activities
GC64552 XJB-5-131 XJB-5-131 是一种靶向线粒体的 ROS 和电子清除剂。XJB-5-131 是双功能抗氧化剂，包含自由基清除剂。XJB-5-131 是针对线粒体的合成抗氧化剂。XJB-5-131 是有效的脐带血单核细胞 (CB MNC) 电离辐射保护剂和缓和剂。
GC64127 Xylopine Xylopine 是一种阿朴啡生物碱，对癌细胞具有细胞毒活性。Xylopine 诱导氧化应激，导致癌细胞的 G2/M 细胞周期停滞和细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。
GN10650 Ziyuglycoside II Ziyuglycoside II 是一种从地榆中提取的三萜皂苷类化合物。
GC11513 Zofenopril calcium A prodrug form of zofenoprilat