Tricin

Tricin is a natural flavonoid widely distributed in grasses and legumes, possessing various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor effects^[1-2]. Tricin can ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating the AMPK-dependent pathway^[3]. Tricin anti-inflammatory activity is mediated through regulation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways^[4].

In vitro, treatment of high glucose-induced H9C2 cardiomyocytes with Tricin (2.5–10μM) for 48 hours significantly inhibited the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), while enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, thereby alleviating oxidative stress damage^[5]. Pretreatment of PC12 and SH-SY5Y cells with Tricin (20-100μM) for 24 hours markedly increased the expression of the autophagy marker LC3-II and promoted autophagy activation, while reducing abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein^[6].

In vivo, Tricin (50mg/kg diet) administered via feed for 15 weeks in a mouse model of inflammation-associated colon cancer induced by azoxymethane (AOM; 10mg/kg) combined with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS; 1.5%w/v) significantly suppressed the incidence of colon adenocarcinoma and reduced TNF-α expression levels in the colonic mucosa^[7]. In a C57BL/6J mouse tumor model transplanted with LLC cells, daily intraperitoneal injection of Tricin (25mg/kg) for 15 days markedly inhibited the growth of KRASG12C-mutant non-small cell lung cancer tumors and significantly reduced SRC phosphorylation and PD-L1 protein expression levels in tumor tissues^[8].

References:
[1] Jiang B, Song J, Jin Y. A flavonoid monomer tricin in Gramineous plants: Metabolism, bio/chemosynthesis, biological properties, and toxicology. Food Chem. 2020 Aug 1;320:126617.
[2] Leonte D, Ungureanu D, Zaharia V. Flavones and Related Compounds: Synthesis and Biological Activity. Molecules. 2023 Sep 8;28(18):6528.
[3] Chang BY, Bae JH, Lim CY, et al. Tricin-enriched Zizania latifolia ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through AMPK-dependent pathways. Food Sci Biotechnol. 2023 Jun 30;32(14):2117-2129.
[4] Li XX, Chen SG, Yue GG, et al. Natural flavone tricin exerted anti-inflammatory activity in macrophage via NF-κB pathway and ameliorated acute colitis in mice. Phytomedicine. 2021 Sep;90:153625.
[5] Yu R, Zhang Y, Wang T, et al. Effect of Tricin on cardiomyocyte damage caused by diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2024 Nov 23;24(1):668.
[6] Wang X, Hu W, Qu L, et al. Tricin promoted ATG-7 dependent autophagic degradation of α-synuclein and dopamine release for improving cognitive and motor deficits in Parkinson's disease. Pharmacol Res. 2023 Oct;196:106874.
[7] Tanaka T, Oyama T, Sugie S. Dietary Tricin Suppresses Inflammation-Related Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2019;65(Supplement):S100-S103.
[8] Li JX, Tan SY, Li LQ, et al. Tricin selectively combats KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer by inhibiting the PDGF-BB-induced SRC/MAPK/AP-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway and potentiating the antitumor effect of an anti-PD-1 antibody. Front Pharmacol. 2025 Jun 17;16:1594213.

Tricin是一种广泛分布于禾本科和豆科植物的天然黄酮类化合物，具有抗炎、抗氧化及抗肿瘤等多种生物活性^[1-2]。Tricin可通过调节AMPK依赖性途径改善非酒精性脂肪肝 ^[3]。Tricin可通过调节NF-κB和MAPK信号通路，来发挥抗炎活性^[4]。

在体外，Tricin（2.5–10μM）处理高葡萄糖诱导的H9C2心肌细胞48小时，显著抑制活性氧（ROS）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的释放，同时提升超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，减轻氧化应激损伤^[5]。Tricin（20-100μM）预处理PC12细胞、SH-SY5Y细胞24小时，显著增强自噬标志物LC3-II的表达并促进自噬活化，同时降低α-突触核蛋白的异常聚集^[6]。

在体内，Tricin（50mg/kg饲料）通过饮食给药15周，用于处理经Azoxymethane（AOM；10mg/kg）联合Dextran Sulfate Sodium（DSS；1.5%w/v）诱导的炎症相关性结肠癌模型小鼠。Tricin显著抑制结肠腺癌的发生率，并降低结肠黏膜中TNF-α的表达水平^[7]。Tricin（25mg/kg）每日腹腔注射连续15天，用于处理经LLC细胞移植的C57BL/6J小鼠肿瘤模型。Tricin显著抑制了KRASG12C突变非小细胞肺癌肿瘤的生长，并显著降低肿瘤组织中SRC磷酸化及PD-L1蛋白表达水平^[8]。