Phenylbiguanide (N-Phenylbiguanide)

Inorganic Salts of N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)-Novel Family with Promising Representatives for Nonlinear Optics

Seven inorganic salts containing N-phenylbiguanide as a prospective organic molecular carrier of nonlinear optical properties were prepared and studied within our research of novel hydrogen-bonded materials for nonlinear optics (NLO). All seven salts, namely N-phenylbiguanidium(1+) nitrate (C2/c), N-phenylbiguanidium(1+) perchlorate (P-1), N-phenylbiguanidium(1+) hydrogen carbonate (P21/c), bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) sulfate (C2), bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) hydrogen phosphate sesquihydrate (P-1), bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) phosphite (P21), and bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) phosphite dihydrate (P21/n), were characterised by X-ray diffraction (powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction) and by vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR and Raman). Two salts with non-centrosymmetric crystal structures-bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) sulfate and bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) phosphite-were further studied to examine their linear and nonlinear optical properties using experimental and computational methods. As a highly SHG-efficient and phase-matchable material transparent down to 320 nm and thermally stable to 483 K, bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) sulfate is a promising novel candidate for NLO.

Novel organic NLO material bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) oxalate - A combined X-ray diffraction, DSC and vibrational spectroscopic study of its unique polymorphism

Three polymorphic modifications of bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) oxalate are reported, and their characterization is discussed in this paper. The non-centrosymmetric bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) oxalate (I), which was obtained from an aqueous solution at 313K, belongs to the monoclinic space group Cc (a=6.2560(2)?, b=18.6920(3)?, c=18.2980(5)?, β=96.249(1)°, V=2127.0(1)?(3), Z=4, R=0.0314 for 4738 observed reflections). The centrosymmetric bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) oxalate (II) was obtained from an aqueous solution at 298K and belongs to the monoclinic space group P21/n (a=6.1335(3)?, b=11.7862(6)?, c=14.5962(8)?, β=95.728(2)°, V=1049.90(9)?(3), Z=4, R=0.0420 for 2396 observed reflections). The cooling of the centrosymmetric phase (II) leads to the formation of bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) oxalate (III) (a=6.1083(2)?, b=11.3178(5)?, c=14.9947(5)?, β=93.151(2)°, V=1035.05(8)?(3), Z=4, R=0.0345 for 2367 observed reflections and a temperature of 110K), which also belongs to the monoclinic space group P21/n. The crystal structures of the three characterized phases are generally based on layers of isolated N-phenylbiguanidium(1+) cations separated by oxalate anions and interconnected with them by several types of N-H(...)O hydrogen bonds. The observed phases generally differ not only in their crystal packing but also in the lengths and characteristics of their hydrogen bonds. The thermal behaviour of the prepared compounds was studied using the DSC method in the temperature range from 90K up to a temperature near the melting point of each crystal. The bis(N-phenylbiguanidium(1+)) oxalate (II) crystals exhibit weak reversible thermal effects on the DSC curve at 147K (heating run). Further investigation of this effect, which was assigned to the isostructural phase transformation, was performed using FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis in a wide temperature range.

A fully automated light/dark apparatus useful for comparing anxiolytic agents

The effects of known anxiolytic agents and putative anxiolytic agents were assessed in mice in a fully automated 2-compartment light/dark test. Significant increases in lit area activities (e.g., time spent in the lit area, locomotor activity, rearing behavior) were used as possible indicators of anxiolytic-like action. The measurement found most consistent and useful for assessing antianxiety-like activity was the time mice spent in the lit area. The benzodiazepine, diazepam; the 5-HT1A agent, ipsapirone; and the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, ondansetron, produced significant anxiolytic-like activity between doses of 1.0 to 10.0 mg/kg, 17.8 to 31.6 mg/kg, and 0.0001 to 1.0 mg/kg respectively. The 5-HT1A receptor agonist, 8-OH DPAT, also exhibited anxiolytic-like action between doses of 0.0005 to 3.16 mg/kg. In contrast, the peripheral 5-HT3 receptor agonist, N-phenylbiguanide; the antidepressant, imipramine; the neuroleptic, chlorpromazine; and the CNS stimulant, S(+)-amphetamine, did not display antianxiety-like activity. The positive results obtained for the three types of compounds (benzodiazepine, 5-HT1A, and 5-HT3) indicate that this fully automated light/dark apparatus may be useful for identifying known and putative anxiolytic agents.

Relationships between chemical structure and antiviral activity of some biguanide derivatives

The aim of this report was to indicate the correlation between chemical structure and antiviral activity of some biguanide derivatives obtained according to Monsanto Chemicals Ltd. Neth. Appl. 289. 283. The studies were carried out on the culture of monkey kidney cells infected with parainfluenza Sendai virus and on the mice infected with influenza virus. The increase of antiviral activities of N-Phenylbiguanide and N-p-Ethoxyphenylbiguanide was estimated.