Pelargonidin (chloride)
(Synonyms: 氯化花葵素) 目录号 : GC44589Pelargonidin (chloride)是一种花青素，具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、神经保护等多种生物活性。Pelargonidin (chloride)能够抑制细胞色素P450家族1亚家族A成员1（CYP1A1）活性，IC50值为33µM。
Cas No.:134-04-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Pelargonidin (chloride) is an anthocyanin with multiple biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective activities[1, 2]. Pelargonidin (chloride) can inhibit the activity of cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1) with an IC50 value of 33µM[3]. Pelargonidin can improve acetaminophen-induced mouse hepatotoxicity by inhibiting ROS-induced inflammatory apoptotic response[4].
In vitro, Pelargonidin (chloride) (10-100μM) treatment of mouse epidermal cells (JB6 P+ cells) for 1-5 days inhibited cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, enhanced the expression of the Nrf2 gene, and promoted the expression of antioxidant enzymes (such as HO-1 and NQO1)[5]. Pelargonidin (chloride) (1-120μM) treated A549 cells for 48h inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 20µM, promoted the production of endogenous ROS, and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential[6].
In vivo, oral administration of Pelargonidin (chloride) (10mg/kg) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats for 2 weeks significantly improved Aβ25-35-induced memory deficits, improved rat hippocampal acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and reduced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels[7].
References:
[1] Jeong S, Ku S K, Bae J S. Anti-inflammatory effects of pelargonidin on TGFBIp-induced responses[J]. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 2017, 95(4): 372-381.
[2] Kooshki L, Fakhri S, Abbaszadeh F, et al. Pelargonidin improves functional recovery and attenuates neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury in rats: relevance to its neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects[J]. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2025, 16: 1547187.
[3] Kamenickova A, Anzenbacherova E, Pavek P, et al. Pelargonidin activates the AhR and induces CYP1A1 in primary human hepatocytes and human cancer cell lines HepG2 and LS174T[J]. Toxicology letters, 2013, 218(3): 253-259.
[4] Seo M, Kim H, Lee J H, et al. Pelargonidin ameliorates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by inhibiting the ROS-induced inflammatory apoptotic response[J]. Biochimie, 2020, 168: 10-16.
[5] Li S, Li W, Wang C, et al. Pelargonidin reduces the TPA induced transformation of mouse epidermal cells–potential involvement of Nrf2 promoter demethylation[J]. Chemico-biological interactions, 2019, 309: 108701.
[6] Yue L, Li Y, Luo Y, et al. Pelargonidin inhibits cell growth and promotes oxidative stress‐mediated apoptosis in lung cancer A549 cells[J]. Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry, 2024, 71(5): 1195-1203.
[7] Sohanaki H, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Nikbakht F, et al. Pelargonidin improves memory deficit in amyloid β25-35 rat model of Alzheimer’s disease by inhibition of glial activation, cholinesterase, and oxidative stress[J]. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy, 2016, 83: 85-91.
Pelargonidin (chloride)是一种花青素，具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、神经保护等多种生物活性[1, 2]。Pelargonidin (chloride)能够抑制细胞色素P450家族1亚家族A成员1（CYP1A1）活性，IC50值为33µM[3]。Pelargonidin能够通过抑制ROS诱导的炎症性凋亡反应来改善对乙酰氨基酚诱导的小鼠肝毒性[4]。
在体外，Pelargonidin (chloride)（10-100μM）处理小鼠表皮细胞（JB6 P+细胞）1-5天，以剂量和时间依赖性方式抑制了细胞活力，增强了Nrf2基因的表达，促进了抗氧化酶（如HO-1、NQO1）的表达[5]。Pelargonidin (chloride)（1-120μM）处理A549细胞48h，以剂量依赖性方式抑制了细胞活力，IC50值为20µM，促进了内源性ROS的产生，降低了线粒体膜电位[6]。
在体内，Pelargonidin (chloride)（10mg/kg）通过口服治疗阿尔兹海默病（AD）大鼠2周，显著改善了Aβ25-35诱导的记忆缺陷，改善了大鼠海马乙酰胆碱酯酶 （AChE）活性并降低了神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）水平[7]。
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | JB6 P+ cells |
Preparation Method | JB6 P+ cells (3×103 cells per well) were maintained in 96-well plates for 24h. Then, the cells were exposed to either DMSO (0.1%) or Pelargonidin (chloride) (10, 30, 50, 70 and 100µM) in MEM supplemented with 1% FBS. The cell culture medium containing Pelargonidin (chloride) was changed every other day. To determine cell viability and proliferation, 20µL of MTS reagent was added to each well of the 96-well plates after 1, 3, or 5 days of treatment. The absorbance at 490nm was recorded after 1h of incubation. |
Reaction Conditions | 10, 30, 50, 70, 100µM; 1, 3, 5 days |
Applications | Pelargonidin (chloride) showed cytotoxicity in a time- and dose-dependent manner. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | Wistar rats |
Preparation Method | Rats were divided into three groups: sham operation group, antibody group, and antibody group pretreated with Pelargonidin (chloride) (10mg/kg, oral administration). Stereotaxic surgery was performed under general anesthesia by intraperitoneal injection of a mixture of ketamine (100mg/kg) and xylazine (5mg/kg). After anesthesia induction, the animal's head was placed symmetrically on a Stoelting stereotaxic apparatus to achieve a flat skull position. The scalp was shaved and scrubbed with 10% povidone-iodine solution. An incision was made at the midline. Based on the stereotaxic coordinates of the rat brain, two holes were drilled symmetrically in the skull at the coordinates of 3.5mm posterior to the bregma, 2mm lateral to the sagittal suture, and 2.8mm ventral to the dura mater for bilateral microinjection of amyloid β25-35 fragment, vehicle, or saline. Pelargonidin chloride (Pel; 10mg/kg) was dissolved in Cremophor solvent and administered orally once daily, starting 3 days before surgery and up to 1h before surgery, through a stainless steel ball-tipped feeding needle. The last dose was given 1h before stereotaxic surgery. In animals that received antibody microinjections, 2mL of pooled Ab25-35 (5mg/mL) solution (pH=8, preincubated at 37°C for 72h) was microinjected into the dorsal hippocampus bilaterally. In sham-operated rats, saline was microinjected accordingly. Animal body weights were recorded weekly and adjusted appropriately according to the dose of Pelargonidin (chloride) administered. In the third week after surgery, behavioral tests were performed by an observer who was blinded to the intervention to assess memory. |
Dosage form | 10mg/kg; 2 weeks; p.o. |
Applications | Pelargonidin (chloride) pretreatment ameliorates Aβ25-35-induced learning impairment and improves spatial memory throughout the testing period, almost to the same level as that of sham-operated animals. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 134-04-3 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 氯化花葵素 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC1=CC(O)=C(C=C(O)C(C2=CC=C(O)C=C2)=[O+]3)C3=C1.[Cl-] | ||
| 分子式 | C15H11O5•Cl | 分子量 | 306.7 |
| 溶解度 | DMF: 1 mg/ml,DMSO: 1mg/ml,Ethanol: 1 mg/ml | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.2605 mL | 16.3026 mL | 32.6052 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6521 mL | 3.2605 mL | 6.521 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3261 mL | 1.6303 mL | 3.2605 mL |
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| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
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| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
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2.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >95.00%
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