Nicosulfuron
(Synonyms: 烟嘧磺隆) 目录号 : GC61132
Nicosulfuron是一种属于磺酰脲类的选择性除草剂，通常用作出苗后的除草剂，以保护玉米作物免受杂草的侵害。Nicosulfuron可抑制乙酰乳酸合酶(ALS)的活性。
Cas No.:111991-09-4
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Nicosulfuron is a selective herbicide belonging to the sulfonylurea family. Nicosulfuron is commonly used as a post-emergence herbicide to protect maize crops from weeds. Nicosulfuron inhibits acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme activity[1].
[1]. Louis Carles, et al. Nicosulfuron Degradation by an Ascomycete Fungus Isolated From Submerged Alnus Leaf Litter. Front Microbiol. 2018 Dec 19;9:3167.
| Cas No. | 111991-09-4 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 烟嘧磺隆 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(C1=CC=CN=C1S(=O)(NC(NC2=NC(OC)=CC(OC)=N2)=O)=O)N(C)C | ||
| 分子式 | C15H18N6O6S | 分子量 | 410.41 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: 50 mg/mL (121.83 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.4366 mL | 12.1829 mL | 24.3659 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4873 mL | 2.4366 mL | 4.8732 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2437 mL | 1.2183 mL | 2.4366 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Effects of Nicosulfuron on plant growth and sugar metabolism in sweet maize (Zea mays L.)
PLoS One 2022 Oct 21;17(10):e0276606.PMID:36269745DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0276606.
The sulfonylurea herbicide Nicosulfuron is efficient, harmless and selective at low doses and has been widely used in maize cultivation. In this study, a pair of corn sister lines, HK301 (nicosulfuron-tolerence, NT) and HK320 (nicosulfuron-sensitive, NS), was chosen to study the effect of Nicosulfuron on plant growth and sugar metabolism in sweet maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. All the experimental samples were subjected to treatment with water or 80 mg kg-1 of Nicosulfuron when the sweet maize seedlings grew to the four-leaf stage. Nicosulfuron significantly inhibited the growth of NS line. The content of sucrose and the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase in the two inbred lines increased differentially under Nicosulfuron stress compared with the respective control treatment. After Nicosulfuron treatment, the activities of hexokinase and 6-phosphofructokinase and the contents of pyruvic acid and citric acid in NS line decreased significantly compared with those of NT line, while the content of sucrose and activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase increased significantly. The disruption of sugar metabolism in NS line led to a lower supply of energy for growth. This study showed that the glycolysis pathway and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were enhanced in nicosulfuron-tolerant line under Nicosulfuron stress in enhancing the adaptability of sweet maize.
Current insights into the microbial degradation of Nicosulfuron: Strains, metabolic pathways, and molecular mechanisms
Chemosphere 2023 Jun;326:138390.PMID:36935058DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138390.
Nicosulfuron is among the sulfonylurea herbicides that are widely used to control annual and perennial grass weeds in cornfields. However, Nicosulfuron residues in the environment are likely to cause long-lasting harmful environmental and biological effects. Nicosulfuron degrades via photo-degradation, chemical hydrolysis, and microbial degradation. The latter is crucial for pesticide degradation and has become an essential strategy to remove Nicosulfuron residues from the environment. Most previous studies have focused on the screening, degradation characteristics, and degradation pathways of biodegrader microorganisms. The isolated nicosulfuron-degrading strains include Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Alcaligenes, Rhodopseudomonas, Ochrobactrum, Micrococcus, Serratia, Penicillium, Aspergillus, among others, all of which have good degradation efficiency. Two main intermediates, 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine (ADMP) and 2-aminosulfonyl-N,N-dimethylnicotinamide (ASDM), are produced during microbial degradation and are derived from the C-N, C-S, and S-N bond breaks on the sulfonylurea bridge, covering almost every bacterial degradation pathway. In addition, enzymes related to the degradation of Nicosulfuron have been identified successively, including the manganese ABC transporter (hydrolase), Flavin-containing monooxygenase (oxidase), and E3 (esterase). Further in-depth studies based on molecular biology and genetics are needed to elaborate on their role in the evolution of novel catabolic pathways and the microbial degradation of Nicosulfuron. To date, few reviews have focused on the microbial degradation and degradation mechanisms of Nicosulfuron. This review summarizes recent advances in Nicosulfuron degradation and comprehensively discusses the potential of nicosulfuron-degrading microorganisms for bioremediating contaminated environments, providing a reference for further research development on Nicosulfuron biodegradation in the future.
Nicosulfuron, a sulfonylurea herbicide, alters embryonic development and oxidative status of hatchlings at environmental concentrations in an amphibian species
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022 Mar 1;232:113277.PMID:35123186DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113277.
The widespread use of agrochemicals for controlling pests and diseases of crops is recognized as a main threat to biodiversity. Sulfonylurea herbicides are being increasingly used and display low levels of degradation in water which suggest that they might affect non-target organisms. In a common garden experiment, eggs of a widespread amphibian (Bufo spinosus) were exposed to sublethal environmentally relevant concentrations of a widely used sulfonylurea herbicide, Nicosulfuron, during the whole embryonic development. We assessed development-related traits (i.e., development duration, hatching success, hatchling size and occurrence of malformation) as well as antioxidant markers in response to contamination (i.e., SOD, GPx, catalase, thiols and relevant ratios thereof). We found that sublethal concentrations of Nicosulfuron increased embryonic development duration, increased hatchling size and tended to increase malformations. Embryos exposed to Nicosulfuron displayed decreased thiols and increased catalase activity suggesting alteration of oxidative status. We did not find any effect of Nicosulfuron on SOD and GPx levels. Interestingly, higher catalase activity was linked to higher proportion of malformed individuals, suggesting that exposure to Nicosulfuron induced teratogenic effects. Our results suggest that alteration of antioxidant levels might be one physiological mechanism through which Nicosulfuron might cause detrimental effects on amphibian embryos. Sublethal effects of pesticides at environmentally relevant concentrations have been overlooked and require further investigations, especially in non-target taxa occurring in agricultural landscapes.
Nicosulfuron Biodegradation by a Novel Cold-Adapted Strain Oceanisphaera psychrotolerans LAM-WHM-ZC
J Agric Food Chem 2017 Nov 29;65(47):10243-10249.PMID:29111703DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04022.
Nicosulfuron is a common environmental pollutant, posing a great threat to aquatic systems and causing significant damage to crops. This study reported a cold-adapted strain Oceanisphaera psychrotolerans LAM-WHM-ZC, which efficiently degrades Nicosulfuron over a wide range of temperatures (5 to 40 °C). The Box-Behnken design method was used to optimize the degradation conditions. O. psychrotolerans LAM-WHM-ZC can degrade 92.4% and 74.6% of initially supplemented 100 mg/L Nicosulfuron under the optimum and low temperature of 18.1 and 5 °C, respectively, within 7 days. O. psychrotolerans LAM-WHM-ZC was found to be highly efficient in degrading cinosulfuron, chlorsulfuron, rimsulfuron, bensulfuron methyl, and ethametsulfuron methyl. Metabolites from Nicosulfuron degradation were identified by UPLC-MS, and a possible degradation pathway was proposed. Furthermore, O. psychrotolerans LAM-WHM-ZC can also degrade Nicosulfuron in soil; 78.6% and 67.4% of the initial Nicosulfuron supplemented at 50 mg/kg were removed at 18.1 and 5 °C, respectively, within 15 days.
Nicosulfuron inhibits atrazine biodegradation by Arthrobacter sp. DNS10:Influencing mechanisms insight from bacteria viability, gene transcription and reactive oxygen species production
Environ Pollut 2021 Jan 18;273:116517.PMID:33508629DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116517.
Nicosulfuron is a sulfonylurea family herbicide which is commonly applied together with the triazine herbicide atrazine in agricultural practice. However, whether Nicosulfuron can influence the biodegradation of atrazine is unclear. Therefore, the influence of Nicosulfuron on atrazine removal as well as on cell viability and transcription of atrazine chlorohydrolase gene (trzN) in Arthrobacter sp. DNS10 was investigated in this study. Our results demonstrated that 76.0% of atrazine was degraded in the absence of Nicosulfuron after 48h of culture, whereas 63.9, 49.1 and 42.6% was degraded in the presence of 1, 5, and 10 mg/L of Nicosulfuron, respectively. Nicosulfuron also induced an increase in the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby damaging the cell membrane integrity and inhibiting the growth of the strain DNS10. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the cell viability of strain DNS10 decreased with an increase in Nicosulfuron concentration. The transcription of trzN in strain DNS10 exposed to the three described levels of Nicosulfuron was 0.99, 0.72 and 0.52 times, respectively, that without Nicosulfuron. In brief, Nicosulfuron could inhibit atrazine removal efficiency by strain DNS10 by inducing the over-production of ROS which ultimately enhances the population of membrane-damaged cells, as well as reducing cell viability and trzN transcription. The outcomes of the present study provide new insights into the mechanism of Nicosulfuron inhibition on atrazine biodegradation by strain DNS10.