Neoxanthin
(Synonyms: 新黄质) 目录号 : GC60268
Neoxanthin是深绿色多叶蔬菜中的一种主要的叶黄素类胡萝卜素，是一种植物激素脱落酸的前体。Neoxanthin是一种有效的抗氧化剂和集光颜料，诱导细胞凋亡(apoptosis)并具有抗癌作用。
Cas No.:14660-91-4
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00%
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- Datasheet
Neoxanthin is a major xanthophyll carotenoid and a precursor of the plant hormone abscisic acid in dark green leafy vegetables. Neoxanthin is a potent antioxidant and light-harvesting pigment. Neoxanthin induces apoptosis and has anticancer actions[1][2].
Neoxanthin (20?μM; 72 h) treatment significantly reduces cell viability to 10.9% for PC-3 cells, 15.0% for DU 145 cells, and nearly zero for LNCaP cells, respectively[1]. Neoxanthin strongly inhibits cell growth by suppressing DNA synthesis in C3H10T1/2 cells[1]. In photosynthetic organisms, Neoxanthin is the essential component of both the photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) reaction centers of oxygenic photosynthetic apparatus[2].
The gastrointestinal metabolism of Neoxanthin in mice is investigated. Two hours after the oral administration of Neoxanthin (40 nmol/mouse), Neoxanthin is found in the plasma and livers of mice. The concentrations of Neoxanthin is 13.6-9.0 nM in plasma, and 7.3 3.6 pmol/g in liver, respectively. (R/S)-Neochrome is also found in the small intestinal contents of Neoxanthin-administered mice[3].
[1]. E Kotake-Nara, et al. Carotenoids Affect Proliferation of Human Prostate Cancer Cells. J Nutr. 2001 Dec;131(12):3303-6. [2]. Ramesh Kumar Saini, et al. An Efficient One-Step Scheme for the Purification of Major Xanthophyll Carotenoids From Lettuce, and Assessment of Their Comparative Anticancer Potential. Food Chem. 2018 Nov 15;266:56-65. [3]. Akira Asai, et al. An Epoxide-Furanoid Rearrangement of Spinach Neoxanthin Occurs in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Mice and in Vitro: Formation and Cytostatic Activity of Neochrome Stereoisomers. J Nutr. 2004 Sep;134(9):2237-43.
| Cas No. | 14660-91-4 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 新黄质 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | CC(/C=C/[C@](O1)(C(C)(C2)C)[C@]1(C[C@H]2O)C)=C/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=[C@@]=C([C@](O)(C3)C)C(C)(C[C@@H]3O)C | ||
| 分子式 | C40H56O4 | 分子量 | 600.87 |
| 溶解度 | 储存条件 | ||
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.6643 mL | 8.3213 mL | 16.6425 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3329 mL | 1.6643 mL | 3.3285 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1664 mL | 0.8321 mL | 1.6643 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
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| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
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计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Photoprotective Role of Neoxanthin in Plants and Algae
Molecules 2020 Oct 11;25(20):4617.PMID:33050573DOI:10.3390/molecules25204617.
Light is a paramount parameter driving photosynthesis. However, excessive irradiance leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species that cause cell damage and hamper the growth of photosynthetic organisms. Xanthophylls are key pigments involved in the photoprotective response of plants and algae to excessive light. Of particular relevance is the operation of xanthophyll cycles (XC) leading to the formation of de-epoxidized molecules with energy dissipating capacities. Neoxanthin, found in plants and algae in two different isomeric forms, is involved in the light stress response at different levels. This xanthophyll is not directly involved in XCs and the molecular mechanisms behind its photoprotective activity are yet to be fully resolved. This review comprehensively addresses the photoprotective role of 9'-cis-neoxanthin, the most abundant Neoxanthin isomer, and one of the major xanthophyll components in plants' photosystems. The light-dependent accumulation of all-trans-neoxanthin in photosynthetic cells was identified exclusively in algae of the order Bryopsidales (Chlorophyta), that lack a functional XC. A putative photoprotective model involving all-trans-neoxanthin is discussed.
Neoxanthin in young vegetable leaves prevents fat accumulation in differentiated adipocytes
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021 Sep 22;85(10):2145-2152.PMID:34329384DOI:10.1093/bbb/zbab138.
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of young leaves on fat accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. A potent preventive effect on fat accumulation was observed in fractions of young leaves of spinach, beet, and arugula extracted with a low-polarity solvent (hexane:acetone:ethanol:toluene = 10:6:7:6). This effect was seemingly associated with the leaf carotenoid content, including lutein, β-carotene, and Neoxanthin. Among these, only Neoxanthin, with the characteristic structure of 5,6-monoepoxide and an allenic bond, significantly prevented fat accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. The preventive effect and carotenoid content, including Neoxanthin, of these young leaves did not differ from those of the corresponding adult leaves. Therefore, our study demonstrated that young vegetable leaves, such as spinach, beet, and arugula leaves, contained Neoxanthin, which prevented fat accumulation in adipocytes in vitro. In the future, the effectiveness of such young leaves and Neoxanthin should be investigated in vivo.
Neoxanthin prevents H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells by activating endogenous antioxidant signals and suppressing apoptosis signals
Mol Biol Rep 2021 Oct;48(10):6923-6934.PMID:34487292DOI:10.1007/s11033-021-06695-1.
Background: The liver has a solid inbuilt antioxidant defense system to regulate oxidative stress. However, exposure to an excessive level of ROS causes liver injury. This study examined the cytoprotective effect of Neoxanthin, a xanthophyll antioxidant molecule isolated from Solanum trilobatum in stress-induced HepG2 cells. Methods and results: The cytotoxic effect of H2O2 and cytoprotective potential of β-carotene, lutein, and Neoxanthin was analyzed by WST-1 assay. The intracellular ROS level and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured using DCFH-DA (2', 7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate) and JC-10 MMP assay. The expression of anti-oxidant and apoptotic markers was measured by western blot analysis. Neoxanthin pretreatment exhibited better protection than β-carotene and lutein against cell death caused by H2O2. It significantly arrested H2O2-mediated elevation of intracellular ROS levels and protected MMP. The intracellular antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and SOD-2 were upregulated by Neoxanthin pretreatment. Neoxanthin also activated the protein expression of redox-sensitive transactivation factors, Nrf2 and NF-kB. The cytoprotective effect of Neoxanthin was associated with increased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2 and decreased pro-apoptotic protein Bax. Conclusions: For the first time, our results demonstrate that Neoxanthin offers adequate protection against stress-mediated cytotoxicity in hepatocytes by activating the intracellular antioxidant defense system and blocking apoptosis.
Neoxanthin alleviates the chronic renal failure-induced aging and fibrosis by regulating inflammatory process
Int Immunopharmacol 2023 Jan;114:109429.PMID:36459921DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109429.
Chronic renal failure (CRF) refers to progressive renal damage caused by chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Dialysis therapy and kidney transplantation are the important treatment for CRF. However, due to the limitation of conditions, they cannot be widely utilized. At present, the treatment of renal failure is a worldwide problem in clinic. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the potential therapeutic effects of Neoxanthin on CFR-caused aging and fibrosis. In this work, the effects of Neoxanthin on CRF were studied using experimental techniques such as biochemistry, immunohistochemistry and molecular biology. In vitro, Neoxanthin alleviated the aging and oxidative damage of kidney cells. In vivo, we found that Neoxanthin could alleviate adenine-induced CRF. Neoxanthin also inhibited CRF-caused renal aging, fibrosis, oxidative stress and inflammation. These findings indicate that Neoxanthin could delay the progression of CRF and alleviate CRF-induced aging and fibrosis. Collectively, we found that Neoxanthin shows good potential to inhibit CRF-caused kidney aging and fibrosis, suggesting that Neoxanthin may be used as a drug (or a functional food) for the treatment of CRF-related diseases.
Neoxanthin affects the stability of the C2 S2 M2 -type photosystem II supercomplexes and the kinetics of state transition in Arabidopsis
Plant J 2020 Dec;104(6):1724-1735.PMID:33085804DOI:10.1111/tpj.15033.
Neoxanthin (Neo), which is only bound to the peripheral antenna proteins of photosystem (PS) II, is a conserved carotenoid in all green plants. It has been demonstrated that Neo plays an important role in photoprotection and its deficiency fails to impact LHCII stability in vitro and indoor plant growth in vivo. Whether Neo is involved in maintaining the PSII complex structure or adaptive mechanisms for the everchanging environment has not yet been elucidated. In this study, the role of Neo in maintaining the structure and function of the PSII-LHCII supercomplexes was studied using Neo deficient Arabidopsis mutants. Our results show that Neo deficiency had little effect on the electron transport capacity and the plant fitness, but the PSII-LHCII supercomplexes were significantly impacted by the lack of Neo. In the absence of Neo, the M-type LHCII trimer cannot effectively associate with the C2 S2 -type PSII-LHCII supercomplexes even in moderate light conditions. Interestingly, Neo deficiency also leads to decreased PSII protein phosphorylation but rapid transition from state 1 to state 2. We suggest that Neo might enforce the interactions between LHCII and the minor antennas and that the absence of Neo makes M-type LHCII disassociate from the PSII complex, leading to the disassembly of the PSII-LHCII C2 S2 M2 supercomplexes, which results in alterations in the phosphorylation patterns of the thylakoid photosynthetic proteins and the kinetics of state transition.