Monactin
(Synonyms: 单活菌素) 目录号 : GC40613
A non-selective monovalent cation ionophore
Cas No.:7182-54-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
;)
,-1-7$$$37316672.jpg');)
;)
;)
$$$36806353.jpg');)
;33(7)%EF%BC%9A546-561$$$37156877.jpg');)
;)
;)
;)
%201124-1138.$$$35908550.jpg');)
%20766-780.$$$37100057.jpg');)
%20418-432.$$$36893736.jpg');)
%EF%BC%9A-240-255.$$$35108512.jpg');)
533-545$$$36543525.jpg');)
%201-13.$$$36600053.jpg');)
;)
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >95.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Monactin is a mactrotetralide antibiotic originally isolated from Streptomyces and a non-selective ionophore for monovalent cations, including potassium, sodium, and lithium. It has low antimicrobial activity but is more active than its homolog nonactin . Monactin induces swelling of rat liver mitochondria in medium containing either potassium or sodium, stimulates respiration, and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It also inhibits Wnt signaling via inhibition of TCF-β-catenin transcriptional activity.
| Cas No. | 7182-54-9 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 单活菌素 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(O[C@H](C)C[C@]1([H])O[C@@]([C@@H]2C)([H])CC1)[C@H](C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@](C[C@H](C)OC([C@H]([C@@]4([H])O[C@](C[C@H](OC([C@H](C)[C@]5([H])O[C@](CC5)([H])C[C@H](C)OC2=O)=O)CC)([H])CC4)C)=O)([H])O3 | ||
| 分子式 | C41H66O12 | 分子量 | 751 |
| 溶解度 | DMF: Soluble,DMSO: Soluble,Ethanol: Soluble,Methanol: soluble | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
||
| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
 |
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.3316 mL | 6.6578 mL | 13.3156 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2663 mL | 1.3316 mL | 2.6631 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1332 mL | 0.6658 mL | 1.3316 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Effects of nigericin and Monactin on cation permeability of Streptococcus faecalis and metabolic capacities of potassium-depleted cells
J Bacteriol 1968 Mar;95(3):816-23.PMID:4966827DOI:10.1128/jb.95.3.816-823.1968.
At a concentration of 10(-6)m, nigericin and Monactin inhibited growth of Streptococcus faecalis, and the inhibition was reversed by addition of excess K(+). In the presence of certain antibiotics, the cells exhibited increased permeability to certain cations; internal Rb(+) was rapidly lost by exchange with external H(+), K(+) Rb(+), and, more slowly, with Na(+) and Li(+). No effect was observed on the penetration of other small molecules. Cation exchanges induced by nigericin and Monactin were metabolically passive and apparently did not involve the energy-dependent K(+) pump. When the cells were washed, the cytoplasmic membrane recovered its original impermeability to cations. By use of Monactin, we prepared cells whose K(+) content had been completely replaced by other cations, and the metabolic characteristics of K(+)-depleted cells were studied. Cells containing only Na(+) glycolyzed almost as well as did normal ones and, under proper conditions, could accumulate amino acids and orthophosphate. These cells also incorporated (14)C-uracil into ribonucleic acid but incorporation of (14)C-leucine into protein was strictly dependent upon the addition of K(+). When K(+) or Rb(+) was added to sodium-loaded cells undergoing glycolysis, these ions were accumulated by stoichiometric exchange for Na(+). From concurrent measurements of the rate of glycolysis, it was calculated that one mole-pair of cations was exchanged for each mole of adenosine triphosphate produced.
The transport of potassium through lipid bilayer membranes by the neutral carriers valinomycin and Monactin : Experimental studies to a previously proposed model
J Membr Biol 1971 Jun;5(2):133-53.PMID:24173097DOI:10.1007/BF02107720.
Stationary conductance experiments on neutral and negatively charged bilayer membranes in the presence of valinomycin or Monactin agree with a recently proposed carrier transport model, which is common to both carrier types. This model assumes an interface reaction between a cation from the aqueous solution and a carrier molecule from the membrane phase to establish charge transport across the interface. The transport across the membrane interior is described by some kind of "Eyring model". The discussion of the current-voltage characteristic, the dependence of membrane conductance on the carrier and K(+) concentrations, and the comparison with appropriate experiments allow correlation of the different rate constants of the transport model. The results show that the rate constants partly depend on the surface charge of the membranes. This dependency can be described by introducing the Gouy-Chapman theory for charged surfaces into the transport model.It was found that the carrier molecules could be added either to the aqueous phase or to the membrane-forming solution. The quantitative treatment of this phenomenon gives an evaluation of the partition coefficient of the carrier molecules between the membrane bulk phase and water.
NH4+ ion-selective microelectrode based on the antibiotics nonactin/Monactin
Pflugers Arch 1988 Sep;412(4):359-62.PMID:3174392DOI:10.1007/BF01907552.
A liquid-membrane microelectrode (less than or equal to 1 micron tip diameter) using macrotetrolide antibiotics as ion-selective components is described. The electrode shows selectivities of NH4+ over K+, Na+ and H+ of 3.8, 100 and 150, respectively. The stability and reproducibility of the sensor signal and the response time are determined in solutions with a typical intracellular ion background. The microelectrode does not suffer from significant interference by inorganic and organic inhibitors and lipophilic cations, but high concentrations of lipophilic anions may interfere considerably.
Antiproliferative and antiplasmodial compounds from selected Streptomyces species
Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015 Dec 1;25(23):5646-9.PMID:26508548DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.07.103.
In continuation of our ongoing search for bioactive compounds from microbial extracts, we performed antiproliferative and/or antimalarial assays on extracts of 806 microbial species isolated from Madagascan marine organisms, on 1317 species isolated from Madagascan soil samples and on a Streptomyces species (S.4) from a marine sponge collected from the Florida Keys. This work identified active extracts from four Streptomyces isolates (S.1, S.2, S.3 and S.4). The extracts of Streptomyces S.1 and S.2 showed antiproliferative activity against the A2780 ovarian cancer cell line, while those of S.3 and S.4 displayed both antiproliferative and antimalarial activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation coupled with dereplication of the active extracts led to the identification and isolation of nonactin (1), Monactin (2), dinactin (3), ±-nonactic acid (4), toyocamycin (5), piperafizine A (6) and a new dipeptide named xestostreptin (7). The structures of all isolated compounds 1-7 were elucidated by analyses of their NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric data, and were confirmed by comparison with the data reported in the literature. Compound 6 was crystallized and subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm its structure as piperafizine A (6). Compounds 1-3 displayed strong antiproliferative activity against A2780 ovarian cancer cells (IC50 values of 0.1, 0.13 and 0.2 μM, respectively), A2058 melanoma cells (IC50 values of 0.2, 0.02 and 0.02 μM, respectively), and H522-T1 non small-cell cancer lung cells (IC50 values of 0.1, 0.01 and 0.01 μM, respectively), while compounds 4 and 7 exhibited weak antiplasmodial activity against the Dd2 strain of Plasmodium falciparum, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 50 μM, respectively.
Macrotetrolide antibiotics produced by Streptomyces globisporus
Folia Microbiol (Praha) 1991;36(5):437-43.PMID:1821868DOI:10.1007/BF02884062.
Macrotetrolides isolated from a new producer, Streptomyces globisporus, were identified as nonactin, Monactin, dinactin and trinactin. Spectroscopic characterization of these compounds was extended by 13NMR spectra. Chemical ionization with ammonia as reactive gas was proposed for mass-spectroscopic characterization of their mixtures. Their biological activity was confirmed by using larvae of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) as a new test model.