Sulfamethazine sodium
(Synonyms: 磺胺二甲嘧啶钠; Sulfadimidine sodium; Sulfadimerazine sodium) 目录号 : GC38373
A sulfonamide antibacterial
Cas No.:1981-58-4
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Sulfamethazine is a sulfonamide antibiotic.1,2 It inhibits dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS; IC50 = 5.7 ?M for the T. gondii enzyme). Sulfamethazine is active against A. pleuropneumoniae (MIC = 32 ?g/ml) and enhances the antibacterial activity of trimethoprim against E. coli.3,4 It has been detected in environmental water samples.5,6 Formulations containing sulfamethazine have been used in the treatment of bacterial infections in livestock.
1.Allegra, C.J., Boarman, D., Kovacs, J.A., et al.Interaction of sulfonamide and sulfone compounds with Toxoplasma gondii dihydropteroate synthaseJ. Clin. Invest.85(2)371-379(1990) 2.Salmon, S.A., Watts, J.L., Case, C.A., et al.Comparison of MICs of ceftiofur and other antimicrobial agents against bacterial pathogens of swine from the United States, Canada, and DenmarkJ. Clin. Microbiol.33(9)2435-2444(1995) 3.Mengelers, M.J., Hougee, P.E., Janssen, L.H., et al.Structure-activity relationships between antibacterial activities and physicochemical properties of sulfonamidesJ. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther.20(4)276-283(1997) 4.Peng, F.-J., Ying, G.-G., Liu, Y.-S., et al.Joint antibacterial activity of soil-adsorbed antibiotics trimethoprim and sulfamethazineSci. Total Environ.506-50758-65(2015) 5.Washington, M.T., Moorman, T.B., Soupir, M.L., et al.Monitoring tylosin and sulfamethazine in a tile-drained agricultural watershed using polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS)Sci. Total. Environ.612358-367(2017) 6.López-Serna, R., Petrovi?, M., and Barceló, D.Direct analysis of pharmaceuticals, their metabolites and transformation products in environmental waters using on-line TurboFlow? chromatography-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryJ. Chomatogr. A.1252115-129(2012)
| Cas No. | 1981-58-4 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 磺胺二甲嘧啶钠; Sulfadimidine sodium; Sulfadimerazine sodium | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=S(C1=CC=C(N)C=C1)([N-]C2=NC(C)=CC(C)=N2)=O.[Na+] | ||
| 分子式 | C12H13N4NaO2S | 分子量 | 300.31 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 60mg/mL | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.3299 mL | 16.6495 mL | 33.2989 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.666 mL | 3.3299 mL | 6.6598 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.333 mL | 1.6649 mL | 3.3299 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
The Fate of Sulfamethazine in Sodium-Hypochlorite-Treated Drinking Water: Monitoring by LC-MS (n) -IT-TOF
Int J Med Chem 2012;2012:693903.PMID:25954529DOI:10.1155/2012/693903.
Pharmaceutical compounds represent a rapidly emerging class of environmental contaminants. Such compounds were recently classified by the U.S. Geological Survey, including several antibiotics. An LC-MS/MS screening method for the top five antibiotics in drinking water was developed and validated using a Shimadzu LC-MS-IT-TOF. The separation was performed using a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column with a gradient elution. Sulfamethazine was exposed to conditions intended to mimic drinking water chlorination, and samples were collected and quenched with excess sodium sulfite. Kinetics of Sulfamethazine degradation was followed as well as the formation of the major chlorinated byproduct (m/z 313). For the screening method, all five antibiotic peaks were baseline resolved within 5 minutes. Additionally, precision and accuracy of the screening method were less than 15%. Degradation of Sulfamethazine upon exposure to drinking water chlorination occurred by first order kinetics with a half-life of 5.3 × 10(4) min (approximately 37 days) with measurements starting 5 minutes after chlorination. Likewise, the formation of the major chlorinated product occurred by first order kinetics with a rate constant of 2.0 × 10(-2). The proposed identification of the chlorinated product was 4-amino-(5-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-benzenesulfonamide (C12H13N4O2SCl) using MS (n) spectra and databases searches of SciFinder and ChemSpider.
Efficient degradation of Sulfamethazine via activation of percarbonate by chalcopyrite
Water Res 2021 Sep 1;202:117451.PMID:34330026DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2021.117451.
In this work, the novel application of chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) for sodium percarbonate (SPC) activation towards Sulfamethazine (SMT) degradation was explored. Several key influencing factors like SPC concentration, CuFeS2 dosage, reaction temperature, pH value, anions, and humic acid (HA) were investigated. Experimental results indicated that SMT could be effectively degraded in the neutral reaction media by CuFeS2/SPC process (86.4%, 0.054 min-1 at pH = 7.1). The mechanism of SPC activation by CuFeS2 was elucidated, which was discovered to be a multiple reactive oxygen species (multi-ROS) process with the coexistence of hydroxyl radical (•OH), carbonate radical (CO3•-), superoxide radical (O2•-), and singlet oxygen (1O2), as evidenced by quenching experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) tests. The generated •OH via the traditional heterogeneous Fenton-like process would not only react with carbonate ions to yield other ROS but also involve in SMT degradation. The abundant surface-bound Fe(II) was deemed to be the dominant catalytic active sites for SPC activation. Meanwhile, it was verified that the reductive sulfur species, the interaction between Cu(I) and Fe(III) as well as the available O2•- derived from the activation of molecular oxygen and the conversion of •OH favored the regeneration of Fe(II) on CuFeS2 surface. Furthermore, the degradation intermediates of SMT and their toxicities were evaluated. This study presents a novel strategy by integrating transition metal sulfides with percarbonate for antibiotic-contaminated water treatment.
Insights into a novel CuS/percarbonate/tetraacetylethylenediamine process for Sulfamethazine degradation in alkaline medium
J Hazard Mater 2022 Aug 5;435:128999.PMID:35486998DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128999.
This work presents a novel CuS/percarbonate/tetraacetylethylenediamine (CuS/SPC/TAED) process for the degradation of Sulfamethazine (SMT). Results indicated that the CuS/SPC/TAED process enabled the efficient generation of peracetic acid (PAA), which can be efficiently activated by CuS in alkaline reaction media, and 93.6% of SMT was degraded in 30 min. Mechanism study revealed that the available reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydroxyl radical (•OH), carbonate radical (CO3•-), superoxide radical (O2•-), singlet oxygen (1O2), and organic radicals (R-O•). Among them, R-O• (acetyloxyl radical (CH3CO2•) and acetylperoxyl radical (CH3CO3•)) were confirmed to be the primary species that contributed to SMT degradation. Simultaneously, the role of sulfur species and carbonate ions were explored. It was found that the reductive O2•- and sulfur species rendered the efficient redox of Cu species. Besides, the effects of key influencing factors including SPC/TAED mole ratio, CuS dosage, initial pH, temperature, and nontarget matrix constituents on SMT degradation were examined. Finally, the degradation intermediates of SMT was identified, and the toxicity of these products was estimated by quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis. Overall, this work offers a new and simple strategy for antibiotic-polluted water remediation.
Genomic characterization, kinetics, and pathways of Sulfamethazine biodegradation by Paenarthrobacter sp. A01
Environ Int 2019 Oct;131:104961.PMID:31330364DOI:10.1016/j.envint.2019.104961.
Biodegradation is an important route for the removal of Sulfamethazine (SMZ), one of the most commonly used sulfonamide antibiotics, in the environment. However, little information is known about the kinetics, products, and pathways of SMZ biodegradation owing to the complexity of its enzyme-based biotransformation processes. In this study, the SMZ-degrading strain A01 belonging to the genus Paenarthrobacter was isolated from SMZ-enriched activated sludge reactors. The bacterial cells were rod-shaped with transient branches 2.50-4.00 μm in length with most forming in a V-shaped arrangement. The genome size of Paenarthrobacter sp. A01 had a total length of 4,885,005 bp with a GC content of 63.5%, and it contained 104 contigs and 55 RNAs. The effects of pH, temperature, initial substrate concentration and additional carbon source on the biodegradation of SMZ were investigated. The results indicated that pH 6.0-7.8, 25 °C and the addition of 0.2 g/L sodium acetate favored the biodegradation, whereas a high concentration of SMZ, 500 mg/L, had an inhibitory effect. The biodegradation kinetics with SMZ as the sole carbon source or 0.2 g/L sodium acetate as the co-substrate fit the modified Gompertz model well with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99. Three biodegradation pathways were proposed involving nine biodegradation products, among which C6H9N3O2S and C12H12N2 were two novel biodegradation products that have not been reported previously. Approximately 90.7% of SMZ was transformed to 2-amino-4, 6-dimethylpyrimidine. Furthermore, sad genes responsible for catabolizing sulfonamides were characterized in A01 with high similarities of 96.0%-100.0%. This study will fill the knowledge gap in the biodegradation of this ubiquitous micropollutant in the aquatic environment.
Degradation of sulfadiazine, sulfachloropyridazine and Sulfamethazine in aqueous media
J Environ Manage 2018 Dec 15;228:239-248.PMID:30227336DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.025.
Antibiotics discharged to the environment constitute a main concern for which different treatment alternatives are being studied, some of them based on antibiotics removal or inactivation using by-products with adsorbent capacity, or which can act as catalyst for photo-degradation. But a preliminary step is to determine the general characteristics and magnitude of the degradation process effectively acting on antibiotics. A specific case is that of sulfonamides (SAs), one of the antibiotic groups most widely used in veterinary medicine, and which are considered the most mobile antibiotics, causing that they are frequently detected in both surface- and ground-waters, facilitating their entry in the food chain and causing public health hazards. In this work we investigated abiotic and biotic degradation of three sulfonamides (sulfadiazine -SDZ-, sulfachloropyridazine -SCP-, and Sulfamethazine -SMT-) in aqueous media. The results indicated that, in filtered milliQ water and under simulated sunlight, the degradation sequence was: SCP > SDZ ≈ SMT. Furthermore, the rate of degradation clearly increased with the raise of pH: at pH 4.0, half-lives were 1.2, 70.5 and 84.4 h for SCP, SDZ and SMT, respectively, while at pH 7.2 they were 2.3, 9.4 and 13.2 h for SCP, SMT and SDZ. The addition of a culture medium hardly caused any change in degradation rates as compared to experiments performed in milliQ water at the same pH value (7.2), suggesting that in this case sulfonamides degradation rate was not affected by the presence of some chemical elements and compounds, such as sodium, chloride and phosphate. However, the addition of bacterial suspensions extracted from a soil and from poultry manure increased the rate of degradation of these antibiotics. This increase in degradation cannot be attributed to biodegradation, since there was no degradation in the dark during the time of the experiment (72 h). This indicates that photo-degradation constitutes the main removal mechanism for SAs in aqueous media, a mechanism that in this case was favored by humic acids supplied with the extracts from soil and manure. The overall results could contribute to the understanding of the environmental fate of the three sulfonamides studied, aiding to program actions that could favor their inactivation, which is especially relevant since its dissemination can involve serious environmental and public health risks.