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Farrerol Sale

(Synonyms: 杜鹃素) 目录号 : GC38222

Farrerol是一种从传统中药兴安杜鹃(Rhododendron dauricum L. Ericaceae)中分离出来的典型黄烷酮,对雌激素受体ERα和ERβ的IC50值分别为57μM和2.7μM。

Farrerol Chemical Structure

Cas No.:24211-30-1

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5mg
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10mg
¥420.00
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25mg
¥842.00
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50mg
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100mg
¥1,890.00
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Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.

Description

Farrerol is a typical natural flavanone isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Rhododendron dauricum L.Ericaceae with IC50 values of 57μM and 2.7μM for estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ, respectively[1]. Farrerol, possessing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasoactive, antitumor, and antimicrobial properties, is capable of preventing and treating diseases associated with oxidative stress, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and bacterial infections[2][3][4][6].

In vitro, murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells treated with different concentrations of Farrerol (0-20mg/L) for 18h or 24h induced the expression of antioxidant enzymes and increased the expression of HO-1 by activating Nrf2 and reducing the expression of Keap1[2]. Primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC) were incubated with Farrerol (4-16μg/ml) for 24h before infecting with S. aureus at a multiplicity of infection of 30 (MOI 30:1 bacteria per cell). All concentrations of Farrerol significantly inhibited S. aureus internalization into bMEC in a dose-dependent manner by downregulating the mRNA expression of tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP) and bovine neutrophil β-defensin 5 (BNBD5), and also suppressing S. aureus induced NF-kB activation in bMEC[3]. Farrerol (0, 40, 80, and 160μM) incubated human ovarian epithelial cancer SKOV3 cells for 24h or 48h decreased the viability of SKOV3 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. Farrerol induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells[4].

In vivo, hepatic injury mice models were administered Farrerol (40mg/kg) i.p. injections two times, 12h and 1h before the injection of Acetaminophen (APAP). Farrerol pretreatment alleviated acute liver failure and maintained the survival rate of mice by activation of both Nrf2-mediated antioxidative cascades and mitochondrial autophagy[5]. Farrerol (10mg/kg/day) injected intraperitoneally into Angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated mice model of myocardial remodeling for 2 days inhibited Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and reduce heart weight/tibia ratio (HW/TL), inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress, the volume of cardiomyocytes and the proliferation and migration of fibroblast[6]. Mice received intraperitoneal injections of Farrerol (20mg/kg) daily for 8 consecutive days, starting 1 day before the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) operation. Farrerol ameliorated renal injury and fibrosis in the UUO model by inhibiting oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation[7].

References:
[1] Li Q Y, Chen L, Zhu YH, et al. Involvement of estrogen receptor-β in farrerol inhibition of rat thoracic aorta vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2011 Apr;32(4):433-40.
[2] Ci X X, Lv H M, Wang L D, et al. The antioxidative potential of Farrerolrrerol occurs via the activation of Nrf2 mediated HO-1 signaling in RAW 264.7 cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2015 Sep 5:239:192-9
[3] Yang Z T, Fu Y H, Liu B, et al. Farrerol regulates antimicrobial peptide expression and reduces Staphylococcus aureus internalization into bovine mammary epithelial cells.Microb Pathog. 2013 Dec:65:1-6.
[4] Chae J B, Kim J S, Choi S T, et al. Farrerol Induces Cancer Cell Death via ERK Activation in SKOV3 Cells and Attenuates TNF-α-Mediated Lipolysis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 30;22(17):9400.
[5] Wang L D, Wei W, Xiao Q F, et al. Farrerol Ameliorates APAP-induced Hepatotoxicity via Activation of Nrf2 and Autophagy. Int J Biol Sci. 2019 Jan 29;15(4):788-799.
[6] He J, Xu D Y, Wang L, Yu X H. Farrerol prevents Angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling in vivo and in vitro. Front Pharmacol. 2023 Jan 4:13:1079251.
[7] Kim J Y, Leem J C, Park K K. Antioxidant, Anti-Apoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Farrerol in a Mouse Model of Obstructive Uropathy. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2023 Jan 1;45(1):337-352.

Farrerol是一种从传统中药兴安杜鹃(Rhododendron dauricum L. Ericaceae)中分离出来的典型黄烷酮,对雌激素受体ERα和ERβ的IC50值分别为57μM和2.7μM[1]。Farrerol具有抗炎、抗氧化、血管活性、抗肿瘤和抗菌作用,可用于预防和治疗氧化应激相关疾病、治疗癌症、治疗心血管疾病以及预防和治疗细菌感染[2][3][4][6]

体外实验中,用不同浓度的Farrerol(0-20mg/L)处理小鼠巨噬细胞RAW 264.7细胞18小时或24小时,可诱导抗氧化酶的表达,并通过激活Nrf2、降低Keap1的表达来增加HO-1的表达[2]。将原代牛乳腺上皮细胞(bMEC)用Farrerol(4-16μg/ml)预处理24小时后,再以感染复数为30(MOI 30:1细菌/细胞)感染金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)。所有浓度的Farrerol均能以剂量依赖性方式显著抑制金黄色葡萄球菌侵入bMEC,通过下调气管抗菌肽(TAP)和牛中性粒细胞β防御素5(BNBD5)的mRNA表达,并抑制金黄色葡萄球菌诱导的bMEC中NF-kB的激活[3]。用Farrerol(0、40、80和160μM)处理人卵巢上皮癌SKOV3细胞24小时或48小时,可呈剂量和时间依赖性地降低SKOV3细胞的活性,并诱导癌细胞G2/M期细胞周期阻滞和细胞凋亡[4]

体内实验中,肝损伤小鼠模型在注射对乙酰氨基酚(APAP)前12小时和1小时分别腹腔注射Farrerol(40mg/kg)两次,Farrerol预处理通过激活Nrf2介导的抗氧化级联反应和线粒体自噬,减轻急性肝衰竭并维持小鼠的存活率[5]。血管紧张素II(Ang II)处理的小鼠心肌重塑模型中,Farrerol(10mg/kg/day,i.p.,2天)抑制了Ang II诱导的心脏肥大,降低心重/胫骨长比(HW/TL),减轻炎症、纤维化、氧化应激,减少心肌细胞体积以及成纤维细胞的增殖和迁移[6]。小鼠在单侧输尿管梗阻(UUO)手术前1天开始,连续8天每日腹腔注射Farrerol(20mg/kg),Farrerol通过抑制氧化应激、凋亡和炎症,改善UUO模型中的肾脏损伤和纤维化[7]

实验参考方法

Cell experiment [1]:

Cell lines

Human ovarian epithelial cancer SKOV3 cells

Preparation Method

SKOV3 cells were seeded (2×105 cells/mL) for 24h then treated with Farrerol (0, 40, 80, and 160μM) for 24 or 48h. After incubation, cell viability and cell cycle were analyzed.

Reaction Conditions

0, 40, 80, and 160μM; 24 or 48h

Applications

Farrerol reduced G0/G1-phase populations in SKOV3 cells and induced G2/M phase arrest, which suggested a possible mechanism by which the inhibitory effect of Farrerol on cancer cell growth occured. Farrerol caused DNA fragmentation and SKOV3 cell apoptosis by mediating ERK MAPK signaling.

Animal experiment [2]:

Animal models

Female B6 mice

Preparation Method

Mice were randomly divided into the following four groups : vehicle control group (0.5% DMSO), Farrerol only group (40mg/kg, dissolved in 0.5% DMSO), APAP only group (900mg/kg or 400mg/kg) and APAP (900mg/kg or 400mg/kg) + Farrerol (40mg/kg, dissolved in 0.5% DMSO) group. The mice were administered Farrerol (40mg/kg) i.p. injections two times, 12h and 1h before the injection of APAP (900mg/kg). The survival rates of the animals were monitored every 8h for 2 days. In addition, the mice were administered Farrerol (40mg/kg) i.p. injections two times, 12h and 1h before the injection of APAP (400mg/kg). After treatment with APAP (400mg/kg)for 6h, the mice were euthanized, their livers wereharvested and serum was collected.

Dosage form

40mg/kg; i.p.; two times

Applications

Farrerol pretreatment alleviated acute liver failure and maintained the survival rate of mice via activation of both Nrf2-mediated antioxidative cascades and mitochondrial autophagy.

References:
[1] Chae J B, Kim J S, Choi S T, et al. Farrerol Induces Cancer Cell Death via ERK Activation in SKOV3 Cells and Attenuates TNF-?-Mediated Lipolysis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 30;22(17):9400.
[2] Wang L D, Wei W, Xiao Q F, et al. Farrerol Ameliorates APAP-induced Hepatotoxicity via Activation of Nrf2 and Autophagy. Int J Biol Sci. 2019 Jan 29;15(4):788-799.

化学性质

Cas No. 24211-30-1 SDF
别名 杜鹃素
Canonical SMILES O=C1C[C@@H](C2=CC=C(O)C=C2)OC3=C(C)C(O)=C(C)C(O)=C13
分子式 C17H16O5 分子量 300.31
溶解度 DMSO: 250 mg/mL (832.47 mM) 储存条件 4°C, protect from light
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1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.3299 mL 16.6495 mL 33.2989 mL
5 mM 0.666 mL 3.3299 mL 6.6598 mL
10 mM 0.333 mL 1.6649 mL 3.3299 mL
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