Lactose
(Synonyms: 乳糖,α-D-Lactose) 目录号 : GC36419
Lactose is a disaccharide naturally found in milk and dairy.
Cas No.:63-42-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Lactose is a disaccharide naturally found in milk and dairy.
| Cas No. | 63-42-3 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 乳糖,α-D-Lactose | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O)[C@H](O)CO)O1 | ||
| 分子式 | C12H22O11 | 分子量 | 342.3 |
| 溶解度 | Water: 100 mg/mL (292.14 mM); DMSO: 50 mg/mL (146.07 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at RT |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.9214 mL | 14.6071 mL | 29.2141 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5843 mL | 2.9214 mL | 5.8428 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2921 mL | 1.4607 mL | 2.9214 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Lactose malabsorption and intolerance: a review
Food Funct 2018 Aug 15;9(8):4056-4068.PMID:29999504DOI:10.1039/c8fo00555a.
Food Lactose and Lactose intolerance are today hot topics in the field of food and nutrition. About 70% of the adult world population is lactose-intolerant, due to low levels of intestinal lactase, also called lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH), a β-d-galactosidase found in the apical surface of the intestinal microvilli. This may be due to the loss of intestinal lactase in adulthood, a condition transmitted by an autosomal recessive gene, which differs in humans according to race. According to the cultural-historical hypothesis, the mutation that allows the metabolization of Lactose appeared about 10 000 years ago in the inhabitants of Northern Europe where mammalian milk continued in the diet after weaning, and lactase-persistent populations were genetically selected in some areas. Many intolerant individuals can tolerate low levels of Lactose in their daily diet. Probiotics have also been proposed as an alternative that could avoid some symptoms of Lactose intolerance. Many products are marketed nowadays as alternatives to dairy products for lactose-intolerant individuals. However, the rules for low-lactose foods are currently not harmonised in the European Union. As scientific knowledge on Lactose intolerance has notably advanced in recent decades, the aim of this work was to review the current state of the knowledge on Lactose and Lactose intolerance, its diagnosis and clinical management, and the various food products that are offered specifically for non-tolerant individuals.
Lactose Maldigestion, Malabsorption, and Intolerance: A Comprehensive Review with a Focus on Current Management and Future Perspectives
Nutrients 2018 Nov 1;10(11):1599.PMID:30388735DOI:10.3390/nu10111599.
Milk is a fundamental component of the diet of every mammal; nevertheless, not every individual can tolerate this kind of food, especially in adulthood. However, Lactose intolerance has only been recognized in the last 50 years, and currently, Lactose intolerance is defined as a clinical syndrome characterized by pain, abdominal distention, flatulence, and diarrhoea that occur after Lactose consumption. Lactose is currently a common disaccharide in human nutrition, both in breastfed infants and in adults, but its digestion requires a specialized enzyme called lactase. The genetically programmed reduction in lactase activity during adulthood affects most of the world's adult population and can cause troublesome digestive symptoms, which may also vary depending on the amount of residual lactase activity; the small bowel transit time; and, especially, the amount of ingested Lactose. Several diagnostic tests are currently available for Lactose intolerance, but the diagnosis remains challenging. The treatment for Lactose intolerance mainly consists of reducing or eliminating the dietetic amount of Lactose until the symptoms disappear, but this is hard to achieve, as Lactose is present in dairy products and is even commonly used as a food additive. In addition to dietetic restriction of lactose-containing foods, lactase can be administered as an enzymatic food supplement, but its efficacy is still controversial. Recently, probiotics have been proposed for the management of Lactose intolerance; certain probiotic strains have shown specific β-galactosidase activity, thus aiding in the digestion of Lactose. The aim of this paper was to review the current knowledge about Lactose intolerance and to discuss the potential for the use of specific probiotic strains such as dietary supplements in lactose-intolerant patients.
Lactose esters: synthesis and biotechnological applications
Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018 Mar;38(2):245-258.PMID:28585445DOI:10.1080/07388551.2017.1332571.
Biodegradable nonionic sugar esters-based surfactants have been gaining more and more attention in recent years due to their chemical plasticity that enables the various applications of these molecules. In this review, various synthesis methods and biotechnological implications of Lactose esters (LEs) uses are considered. Several chemical and enzymatic approaches are described for the synthesis of LEs, together with their applications, i.e. function in detergents formulation and as additives that not only stabilize food products but also protect food from undesired microbial contamination. Further, this article discusses medical applications of LEs in cancer treatment, especially their uses as biosensors, halogenated anticancer drugs, and photosensitizing agents for photodynamic therapy of cancer and photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms.
Lactose characteristics and the generation of the aerosol
Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012 Mar 15;64(3):233-56.PMID:21616107DOI:10.1016/j.addr.2011.05.003.
The delivery efficiency of dry-powder products for inhalation is dependent upon the drug formulation, the inhaler device, and the inhalation technique. Dry powder formulations are generally produced by mixing the micronised drug particles with larger carrier particles. These carrier particles are commonly Lactose. The aerosol performance of a powder is highly dependent on the Lactose characteristics, such as particle size distribution and shape and surface properties. Because Lactose is the main component in these formulations, its selection is a crucial determinant of drug deposition into the lung, as interparticle forces may be affected by the carrier-particle properties. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review the various grades of Lactose, their production, and the methods of their characterisation. The origin of their adhesive and cohesive forces and their influence on aerosol generation are described, and the impact of the physicochemical properties of Lactose on carrier-drug dispersion is discussed in detail.
An overview on biological production of functional Lactose derivatives
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019 May;103(9):3683-3691.PMID:30911789DOI:10.1007/s00253-019-09755-6.
Lactose is a natural disaccharide obtained from the milk of most mammals and a waste product of cheese and casein manufacturing. Over the past decades, Lactose in whey has increasingly been promoted as an important resource, and an increasing number of significant advances have been made to investigate its healthy and functional properties. Lactose can be biotransformed into many kinds of derivatives, including galacto-oligosaccharides, epilactose, lactulose, lactosucrose, and D-tagatose. Biological efficiency and safety are critical for the enzymatic production of Lactose derivatives from Lactose. These Lactose derivatives show a range of prominent physiological features and effects, such as prebiotic properties, indigestibility, and obesity prevention, which can be utilized in the pharmaceutical, health, and food industries. In this review, we present the properties and physiological effects of Lactose derivatives, detailing their biological production by various enzymes and their applications in dairy products, especially directly in the milk industry.