Cyfluthrin
(Synonyms: 氟氯氰菊酯,beta-Cyfluthrin) 目录号 : GC47155
A pyrethroid insecticide
Cas No.:68359-37-5
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.50%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Cyfluthrin is a pyrethroid insecticide and a modulator of voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav).1,2 It slowly activates rat recombinant Nav1.8 channels, delays inactivation by longer than 40 ms, and induces persistent tail currents in channels expressed in X. laevis oocytes.1 It also decreases the mean burst rate in rat primary neurons (IC50 = 0.99 μM, respectively).2 Cyfluthrin is toxic to various insects, including A. melinus, G. ashmeadi, E. eremicus, and E. formosa (LC50s = 7, 67, 96, and 63 ng/ml, respectively) and the A. sinensis mosquito (LC50 = 0.446 ppm).3,4 It is also toxic to A. mellifera honeybees (LD50 = 0.22 ppm), affecting locomotor activity and wing fanning behavior with an increase in the mean bout duration of time spent upside down, indicating disruption of the righting reflex, and a decrease in wing fanning behavior when administered at a dose of 10 ng/bee.5 Formulations containing cyfluthrin have been used for the control of insects in agriculture and for non-commercial purposes.
1.Choi, J.S., and Soderlund, D.M.Structure-activity relationships for the action of 11 pyrethroid insecticides on rat Nav1.8 sodium channels expressed in Xenopus oocytesToxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.211(3)233-244(2006) 2.Baskar, M.K., and Murthy, P.B.In vitro evaluation of pyrethroid-mediated changes on neuronal burst parameters using microelectrode arraysNeuroToxicology57270-281(2016) 3.Prabhaker, N., Morse, J.G., Castle, S.J., et al.Toxicity of seven foliar insecticides to four insect parasitoids attacking citrus and cotton pestsJ. Econ. Entomol.100(4)1053-1061(2007) 4.Chang, K.-S., Yoo, D.-H., Shin, E.-H., et al.Susceptibility and resistance of field populations of Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae) collected from Paju to 13 insecticidesOsong Public Health Res. Perspect.4(2)76-80(2013) 5.Oliver, C.J., Softley, S., Williamson, S.M., et al.Pyrethroids and nectar toxins have subtle effects on the motor function, grooming and wing fanning behaviour of honeybees (Apis mellifera)PLoS One10(8):e0133733(2015)
| Cas No. | 68359-37-5 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 氟氯氰菊酯,beta-Cyfluthrin | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(C1C(C)(C)C1/C=C(Cl)\Cl)OC(C#N)C2=CC(OC3=CC=CC=C3)=C(F)C=C2 | ||
| 分子式 | C22H18Cl2FNO3 | 分子量 | 434.3 |
| 溶解度 | Chloroform: Slightly Soluble,Methanol: Heated | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.3026 mL | 11.5128 mL | 23.0256 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4605 mL | 2.3026 mL | 4.6051 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2303 mL | 1.1513 mL | 2.3026 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Gestational Exposure to Cyfluthrin through Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress-Mediated PERK Signaling Pathway Impairs Placental Development
Toxics 2022 Nov 28;10(12):733.PMID:36548566DOI:10.3390/toxics10120733.
Cyfluthrin, a typical type II pyrethroid pesticide, is widely used in house hygiene and agricultural pest control. Several epidemiological investigations have found that maternal pyrethroid exposure is connected to adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Thus, we evaluated the effect of Cyfluthrin exposure during pregnancy on placenta development in vivo. In the current study, Pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into four groups and administered 6.25, 12.5, and 25 mg/kg body weight Cyfluthrin or an equivalent volume of corn oil by gavage from GD0 to GD19. The results have shown that gestational exposure to Cyfluthrin exerted no effect on the fetal birth defect, survival to PND4, or fetal resorption and death. However, live fetuses and implantation sites significantly decreased in the high-dose cyfluthrin-treated group. Moreover, a significant reduction in placenta weight and diameter was observed in rats. Correspondingly, the fetal weight and crown-rump length from dams exposed to Cyfluthrin were reduced. Cyfluthrin-treat groups, the total area of the placenta, spongiotrophoblast area, and labyrinth area had abnormal changes. Meanwhile, the area of blood sinusoid and CD34-positive blood vessel numbers in the placenta were considerably reduced, as well as abnormal expression of placental pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in dams exposed to Cyfluthrin. Further observation by transmission electron microscopy revealed significant changes in the ultrastructure of the medium-dose and high-dose groups. Additional experiments showed gestational exposure to Cyfluthrin inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of placentas, as decreased PCNA-positive cells and increased TUNEL-positive cells. Furthermore, western blot and qPCR analysis revealed that gestational exposure to medium-dose and high-dose Cyfluthrin increased the expression of GRP78, and three downstream mRNA and proteins (p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP) of the PERK signaling, indicating that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway in rat placentas was activated. Our study demonstrated that gestational exposure to Cyfluthrin leads to placental developmental disorder, which might be associated with ER stress-mediated PERK signaling pathway.
Combined effects of chlorpyrifos and Cyfluthrin on neurobehavior and neurotransmitter levels in larval zebrafish
J Appl Toxicol 2022 Oct;42(10):1662-1670.PMID:35470462DOI:10.1002/jat.4334.
Chlorpyrifos and Cyfluthrin are insecticides commonly used in agriculture. The mixed residues of chlorpyrifos and Cyfluthrin in the aquatic environment may have combined effects on nontarget species. Therefore, studying the combined toxic effects and mechanisms of pesticide mixtures is of great significance to environmental risk assessment. To evaluate the risk of combined exposure, we examined the effects of both compounds, separately and together, on motor activity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and neurotransmitter levels in larval zebrafish. Chlorpyrifos exposure significantly reduced functional motor capacity (swim distance and velocity) and enhanced meandering, while Cyfluthrin exposure alone had no significant effects on swim parameters. However, combined exposure significantly reduced total swimming distance and mean velocity and increased meandering. Both compounds alone and the combination significantly reduced AChE activity, and the combined effect was antagonistic. Combined exposure also significantly altered the concentrations of serotonin, serotonin precursors, and dopamine precursors, as well as concentrations of the amino acid neurotransmitters glycine, alanine, and aspartic acid. Combined exposure to chlorpyrifos and Cyfluthrin exhibited distinct joint action modes in terms of neurobehavior, AChE activity, and neurotransmitter levels, thereby providing an experimental basis for assessing the combined exposure to chlorpyrifos and Cyfluthrin's environmental risk.
Upper respiratory tract nociceptor stimulation and stress response following acute and repeated Cyfluthrin inhalation in normal and pregnant rats: Physiological rat-specific adaptions can easily be misunderstood as adversities
Toxicol Lett 2018 Jan 5;282:8-24.PMID:29017960DOI:10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.10.003.
This paper reviews the results from past regulatory and mechanistic inhalation studies in rats with the type II pyrethroid Cyfluthrin. Apart from many chemical irritants, Cyfluthrin was shown to be a neuroexcitatory agent without any inherent tissue-destructive or irritant property. Thus, any Cyfluthrin-induced neuroexcitatory afferent sensory stimulus from peripheral nociceptors in the upper respiratory tract is likely to be perceived as a transient stimulus triggering annoyance and/or avoidance by both rats and humans. However, while thermolabile rats respond to such stresses reflexively, homeothermic humans appear to respond psychologically. With this focus in mind, past inhalation studies in rats and human volunteers were reevaluated and assessed to identify common denominators to such neuroexcitatory stimuli upon inhalation exposure. This analysis supports the conclusion that the adaptive physiological response occurring in rats secondary to such chemosensory stimuli requires inhalation exposures above the chemosensory threshold. Rats, a species known to undergo adaptively a hibernation-like physiological state upon environmental stresses, experienced reflexively-induced bradypnea, bradycardia, hypothermia, and changes in acid-base status during inhalation exposure. After cessation of the sensory stimulus, rapid recovery occurred. Physiological data of male and female rats from a 4-week repeated inhalation study (exposure 6-h/day, 5-times/week) were used to select concentration for a 10-day developmental inhalation toxicity study in pregnant rats. Maternal hypothermia and hypoventilation were identified as likely cause of fetal and placental growth retardations because of a maternal adaptation-driven reduced feto-placental transfer of oxygen. In summary, maternal reflex-hypothermia, reduced cardiac output and placental perfusion, and disruption of the gestation-related hyperventilation are believed to be the maternally mediated causes for developmental impairments. Thus, inhaled chemosensory substances may appear to be more toxic in rats than they will be in humans because the thermoregulatory response of rats to such stimuli can cause profound physiological adaptions that can easily be misunderstood as adversities in conventional inhalation studies in small rodents. The afferent threshold triggering such outcomes in rodents translate to perceptions of annoyance in humans. Consequently, hazard characterization and human risk assessment need to be focused on the chemosensory threshold rather than endpoints occurring downstream to rodent-specific homeostasis.
Human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs) for priority substances under the HBM4EU initiative - New values derivation for deltamethrin and Cyfluthrin and overall results
Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023 Mar;248:114097.PMID:36577283DOI:10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114097.
The European Initiative HBM4EU aimed to further establish human biomonitoring across Europe as an important tool for determining population exposure to chemicals and as part of health-related risk assessments, thus making it applicable for policy advice. Not only should analytical methods and survey design be harmonized and quality assured, but also the evaluation of human biomonitoring data. For the health-related interpretation of the data within HBM4EU, a strategy for deriving health-based human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs) for both the general population and workers was agreed on. On this basis, HBM-GVs for exposure biomarkers of 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH), phthalates (diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBzP), and bis-(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP)), bisphenols A and S, pyrethroids (deltamethrin and Cyfluthrin), solvents (1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), 1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-one (NEP), N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC)), the heavy metal cadmium and the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) were developed and assigned a level of confidence. The approach to HBM-GV derivations, results, and limitations in data interpretation with special focus on the pyrethroids are presented in this paper.
Genotoxic potential of Cyfluthrin
Mutat Res 2008 Oct 30;656(1-2):49-54.PMID:18692594DOI:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.07.005.
Cyfluthrin (CAS no. 68359-37-5), a synthetic fluorinated pyrethroid insecticide, is widely used in the home environment and in agriculture because of its high activity against a broad spectrum of insect pests and its low animal toxicity. There are no adequate data on genotoxic effects of Cyfluthrin. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential genotoxic effects of Cyfluthrin. The genotoxicity of Cyfluthrin was evaluated, in vitro, by assessing the ability of the insecticide to induce gene mutation (evaluated using the Ames/microsome test), chromosomal aberrations (CA), sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronucleus (MN) formation in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Additionally, CAs and cytotoxicity induced by Cyfluthrin were investigated in rat (Rattus norvegicus var. Albinos) bone-marrow cells to assess in vivo genotoxicity of Cyfluthrin. The counts of reverse mutations in Salmonella typhimurium were not significantly increased (P>0.05). The frequency of CAs in human lymphocytes, treated with any concentration of Cyfluthrin (500, 1000 or 2000 microg/ml) for a 24-h period, was not significantly increased (P>0.05). In contrast, CA was significantly increased for the highest two concentrations (1000 and 2000 microg/ml) in the 48-h treatment group compared with the control group (dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO). Micronucleus formation was significantly (P<0.05) increased for all doses after the 48-h treatment, although the frequency of SCE did not increase significantly (P>0.05). Mitotic index (MI), proliferation index (PI) and nuclear division index (NDI) decreased significantly (P<0.05) due to the potential cytotoxicity of Cyfluthrin, especially after the 48-h treatment period. The frequency of chromosome aberrations in bone-marrow cells of rats treated with the test substance increased significantly (P<0.05) for all doses (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight) for the two treatment periods (12 and 24 h) and the two administration routes, viz. intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) and oral gavage (gvg). In vivo cytotoxicity of Cyfluthrin was detected only after administration by gavage for the 24-h treatment period. All these findings were not dose-dependent.