Trehalose (hydrate)
(Synonyms: D-(+)-海藻糖 二水合物; D-Trehalose dihydrate; α,α-Trehalose dihydrate) 目录号 : GC45075
Trehalose (hydrate) 是一种天然、安全、非特异性的二糖渗透保护剂。
Cas No.:6138-23-4
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Trehalose (hydrate) is a natural, safe, non-specific disaccharide osmoprotectant[1]. Trehalose (hydrate) exerts anti-desiccation, anti-freezing, and anti-oxidative effects by stabilizing protein and membrane structures and maintaining osmotic pressure[2]. Trehalose (hydrate) is widely used in studies of metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and food–drug delivery systems[3][4].
In vitro, Trehalose (hydrate) (100mM; 72h) significantly increases the viability of H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to high glucose (33mM), decreases the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved-caspase-3 protein levels, suppresses NALP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18-mediated pyroptosis, restores the expression of Beclin-1 and Atg5 proteins as well as the LC3-II/I ratio, and reverses high-glucose–induced autophagic impairment[5].
In vivo, Trehalose (hydrate) (4% w/v in drinking water; 14 days; ad libitum) fully reversed the memory deficit induced by bilateral i.c.v. Aβ25–35 injection, restoring step-through latency in the passive avoidance test to control levels in APP/PS1 mice, while significantly reducing hippocampal CA1 Aβ fluorescence intensity and IBA1-positive microglial density, and restoring neuronal density to control values as shown by Nissl staining[6]. Trehalose (hydrate) (2% w/v in drinking water; ad libitum from 64 days of age until death) significantly delayed disease onset and extended mice lifespan, doubled motor neuron survival in the L4–5 spinal cord, and reduced spinal insoluble SOD1 aggregates in SOD1G93A mice[7].
References:
[1] Megarry AJ, Booth J, Burley J. Amorphous trehalose dihydrate by cryogenic milling. Carbohydr Res. 2011;346(8):1061-1064.
[2] Chen A, Tapia H, Goddard JM, Gibney PA. Trehalose and its applications in the food industry. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2022;21(6):5004-5037.
[3] Sharma E, Shruti PS, Singh S, et al. Trehalose and its Diverse Biological Potential. Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2023;24(6):503-517.
[4] Sevriev B, Dimitrova S, Kehayova G, Dragomanova S. Trehalose: Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms-An Updated Review. NeuroSci. 2024;5(4):429-444.
[5] Liu Y, Wu S, Zhao Q, et al. Trehalose Ameliorates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Role of the PK2/PKR Pathway. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021;2021:6779559.
[6] Pupyshev AB, Akopyan AA, Tenditnik MV, et al. Alimentary Treatment with Trehalose in a Pharmacological Model of Alzheimer's Disease in Mice: Effects of Different Dosages and Treatment Regimens. Pharmaceutics. 2024;16(6):813.
[7] Zhang X, Chen S, Song L, et al. MTOR-independent, autophagic enhancer trehalose prolongs motor neuron survival and ameliorates the autophagic flux defect in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Autophagy. 2014;10(4):588-602.
Trehalose (hydrate) 是一种天然、安全、非特异性的二糖渗透保护剂[1]。Trehalose (hydrate)通过稳定蛋白质和膜结构、维持渗透压，发挥抗干燥、抗冷冻及抗氧化作用[2]。Trehalose (hydrate)被广泛用于代谢性疾病、神经退行性疾病以及食品-药物递送系统的研究[3][4]。
体外实验中，Trehalose (hydrate)（100mM；72h）显著提高高糖（33mM）刺激下 H9c2 心肌细胞的存活率，降低Bax/Bcl-2比值及cleaved-caspase-3蛋白水平，抑制NALP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18介导的焦亡，恢复Beclin-1和Atg5蛋白表达以及 LC3-II/I比值，并逆转高糖诱导的自噬损伤[5]。
体内实验中，Trehalose (hydrate)（4% w/v 饮水；14天；自由摄取）完全逆转了双侧脑室注射Aβ25–35引起的记忆障碍，使APP/PS1小鼠被动回避试验的步入潜伏期恢复至对照水平，同时显著降低海马CA1区Aβ荧光强度和IBA1阳性小胶质细胞密度，并通过Nissl染色显示神经元密度恢复至对照水平[6]。Trehalose (hydrate)（2% w/v 饮水；自64日龄起直至死亡；自由摄取）显著延缓了疾病发作时间，延长了小鼠寿命，使SOD1G93A小鼠L4–5脊髓段运动神经元存活数增加一倍，并减少脊髓不溶性SOD1聚集体[7]。
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | Rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes |
Preparation Method | Rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes were cultured in DMEM low-sugar medium supplemented with 10% FBS and a 1% penicillin-streptomycin solution at 37°C and 5% CO2 in a humidified environment. Cells were incubated with 33mM high glucose for 72h with or without different concentrations of Trehalose (hydrate) (100mM). The MTT assay was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. |
Reaction Conditions | 100mM; 72h |
Applications | Trehalose (hydrate) significantly increases the viability of H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to high glucose. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | Male SOD1G93A mice |
Preparation Method | Male SOD1G93A mice were randomly divided into 3 groups (Tg-NT, Tg-Suc, Tg-Tre) with 21 mice in each group and these mice were housed under the conditions of constant temperature and controlled lighting (light/dark period 12/12h). For Tg-Tre mice, 2% Trehalose (hydrate) containing water was given to SOD1G93A mice through ad libitum consumption, starting at 64d of age and continuing until the day the mice died. For Tg-Suc mice, 2% sucrose-containing water was given to mice as a vehicle control. For Tg-NT mice, no treatment was given to SOD1G93A mice. In addition, 15 of the age-matched WT littermates were used as controls. Rotarod performance was measured in SOD1G93A mice starting at 80d of age. SOD1G93A mice developed complete paralysis roughly at around 126d of age. For life-span analysis, the date of “death” (or terminal impairment) was defined as the day when the mice could not right itself within 30s after being placed on its back. |
Dosage form | 2% w/v in drinking water; ad libitum from 64 days of age until death |
Applications | Trehalose (hydrate) significantly delayed disease onset and extended mice lifespan in SOD1G93A mice. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 6138-23-4 | SDF | |
| 别名 | D-(+)-海藻糖 二水合物; D-Trehalose dihydrate; α,α-Trehalose dihydrate | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC[C@@H](O1)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@]1([H])O[C@@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2.O.O | ||
| 分子式 | C12H22O11•2H2O | 分子量 | 378.3 |
| 溶解度 | Water : 150 mg/mL (396.48 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at RT |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.6434 mL | 13.217 mL | 26.434 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5287 mL | 2.6434 mL | 5.2868 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2643 mL | 1.3217 mL | 2.6434 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00%
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