Rhamnocitrin
(Synonyms: 鼠李柠檬素) 目录号 : GC60323
A flavonoid with diverse biological activities
Cas No.:569-92-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Rhamnocitrin is a flavonoid that has been found in C. erythrophyllum and has diverse biological activities.1,2 It is active against S. sonei, S. aureus, and M. luteus when used at concentrations ranging from 25 to 100 ?g/ml.1 Rhamnocitrin scavenges DPPH radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = ~25 ?M).2 It also inhibits LPS- and IFN-γ-induced production of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-6 in isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages.
1.Martini, N.D., Katerere, D.R.P., and Eloff, J.N.Biological activity of five antibacterial flavonoids from Combretum erythrophyllum (Combretaceae)J. Ethnopharmacol.93(2-3)207-212(2004) 2.Fang, S.-H., Rao, Y.K., and Tzeng, Y.-M.Anti-oxidant and inflammatory mediator's growth inhibitory effects of compounds isolated from Phyllanthus urinariaJ. Ethnopharmacol.116(2)333-340(2008)
| Cas No. | 569-92-6 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 鼠李柠檬素 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C1C(O)=C(C2=CC=C(O)C=C2)OC3=CC(OC)=CC(O)=C13 | ||
| 分子式 | C16H12O6 | 分子量 | 300.26 |
| 溶解度 | 储存条件 | 4°C, protect from light | |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.3304 mL | 16.6522 mL | 33.3045 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6661 mL | 3.3304 mL | 6.6609 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.333 mL | 1.6652 mL | 3.3304 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Biological Importance and Therapeutic Benefit of Rhamnocitrin: A Review of Pharmacology and Analytical Aspects
Drug Metab Bioanal Lett 2022;15(3):150-158.PMID:35794741DOI:10.2174/2949681015666220609100336.
Background: Humans have a long history of the uses of plant based products, including extracts and pure phytoconstituents for the treatment of human diseases in the different system of medicine. In the developing countries, phytoproducts play an important role in the healthcare systems due to their medicinal importance and pharmacological activities. Flavonoids class phytochemicals are beneficial for human beings because of their free radical scavenging properties and trace metals chelating potential. Flavonoids have inhibitory potential for the growth of bacteria and virus mainly through enzyme inhibition functions and viral translation. Rhamnocitrin is also called 7- methyl-kaempferol is important flavonoids, which has been isolated from different medicinal plants and has pharmacological activities in the medicine. Methods: Present paper describes the biological potential and health beneficial aspects of Rhamnocitrin in the medicine through the data analysis of published papers in the recent years in the field of medicine and modern medical sciences. Scientific data on Rhamnocitrin have been collected from electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Google, Scopus and Science Direct in the present investigation and analyzed to know the biological importance and pharmacological activities of Rhamnocitrin. Pharmacological scientific data of Rhamnocitrin have been collected and analyzed in the present work with their analytical aspects. Results: Literature data analysis of different scientific work on Rhamnocitrin revealed the biological importance of Rhamnocitrin in medicine. Rhamnocitrin is known to be a promising phytoconstituents found to be present in medicinal plants with a wide range of biological activities. Rhamnocitrin was found to have pharmacological activities, including anti-atherogenic, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, enzymatic and neuroprotective potential. Further biological effect of Rhamnocitrin on adipocyte differentiation has been also studied in the present work. Analytical data on Rhamnocitrin signified the application of different analytical techniques for the separation, isolation and identification of Rhamnocitrin in medicine. Conclusion: Literature data analysis of different scientific research works revealed the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of Rhamnocitrin in medicine.
Rhamnocitrin Attenuates Ovarian Fibrosis in Rats with Letrozole-Induced Experimental Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022 May 26;2022:5558599.PMID:35663203DOI:10.1155/2022/5558599.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine-related cause of infertility in women and has an unknown etiology. Studies have shown that Rhamnocitrin (Rha) exhibits positive effects on the reproductive system. This study investigated Rha's antifibrotic effects on PCOS rats and revealed its underlying mechanisms. Female SD rats were randomized into 4 groups (n = 8, each); the control group received tea oil by intraperitoneal injection and 1% w/v CMC by oral gavage; the PCOS group received letrozole (1 mg/kg); the PCOS+Rha group received letrozole and Rha (5 mg/kg); the PCOS+Met group received letrozole and Met (265 mg/kg) for 21 days. At the study end, Rha treatment restored letrozole-induced alterations in the relative ovarian weights, body weight, and relative weights of uterine and visceral adipose tissues. Histological observation showed that Rha ameliorates ovarian structure and fibrosis in PCOS. Administration of Rha reduced letrozole-induced metabolic dysfunction by ameliorating the levels of TC, TG, and HDL-C in the PCOS rats. Rha treatment also modulated the serum levels of sex hormones, which decreased T, E2, and LH and increased FSH in PCOS rats. In addition, Rha treatment modulated insulin resistance and increased gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (Cat, Sod2, Gpx3, Mgst1, Prdx3, Gsta4, Gsr, and Sod1) in the ovaries of the PCOS rats. Finally, Rha treatment appeared to increase the activity of PPAR-γ and inhibit the TGF-β1/Smad pathway in the ovaries of the PCOS rats. Our findings suggest that Rha significantly ameliorated metabolic disturbances and ovarian fibrosis in the PCOS rats. Rha perhaps is an effective compound for preventing ovarian fibrosis in the future.
Melissa officinalis: Composition, Pharmacological Effects and Derived Release Systems-A Review
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Mar 25;23(7):3591.PMID:35408950DOI:10.3390/ijms23073591.
Melissa officinalis is a medicinal plant rich in biologically active compounds which is used worldwide for its therapeutic effects. Chemical studies on its composition have shown that it contains mainly flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, tannins, and essential oil. The main active constituents of Melissa officinalis are volatile compounds (geranial, neral, citronellal and geraniol), triterpenes (ursolic acid and oleanolic acid), phenolic acids (rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid), and flavonoids (quercetin, Rhamnocitrin, and luteolin). According to the biological studies, the essential oil and extracts of Melissa officinalis have active compounds that determine many pharmacological effects with potential medical uses. A new field of research has led to the development of controlled release systems with active substances from plants. Therefore, the essential oil or extract of Melissa officinalis has become a major target to be incorporated into various controlled release systems which allow a sustained delivery.
Rhamnocitrin decreases fibrosis of ovarian granulosa cells by regulating the activation of the PPARγ/NF-κB/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway mediated by Wisp2
Ann Transl Med 2022 Jul;10(14):789.PMID:35965823DOI:10.21037/atm-22-2496.
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility in women. Rhamnocitrin (Rha) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. The WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein 2 (Wisp2) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB are involved in fibrosis in many diseases. We aimed to elucidate the role of Rha in fibrosis of PCOS and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-incubated ovarian granulosa KGN cells were treated by Rha. Cell proliferation was detected with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyul-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining. The levels of Wisp2 and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We observed α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein by immunofluorescence (IF). The levels of fibrosis factors were determined using Western blot. We observed p65 nuclear translocation with confocal microscopy. We used Wisp2 overexpression and knockdown in cells treated with DHEA or Rha to validate Wisp2 function. Interaction between Wisp2 and NF-κB, as well as Wisp2 and PPARγ, were assessed by co-immunoprecipitation assay, luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Results: The results showed that Rha elevated the reduced proliferation of DHEA-treated cells. In addition, Rha reversed the decreased Wisp2 and the increased TGF-β1 in supernatant. The proteins CTGF, α-SMA, Collagen I, TGF-β1, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3 were up-regulated while Wisp2, Sirt1, and PPARγ were down-regulated by DHEA treatment, which were reversed by Rha. Meanwhile, DHEA up-regulated p-IKBa and p-p65 and promoted p65 nuclear translocation, which were inhibited by Rha. These effects of Rha were antagonized by Wisp2 knockdown and were mimicked by Wisp2 overexpression. We confirmed the protein interaction between Wisp2 and NF-κB, along with Wisp2 and PPARγ. Conclusions: Wisp2-mediated PPARγ/NF-κB/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling contributes to Rha-improved ovarian granulosa cells fibrosis, suggesting Rha as a novel agent for the treatment of PCOS.
Rhamnocitrin extracted from Nervilia fordii inhibited vascular endothelial activation via miR-185/STIM-1/SOCE/NFATc3
Phytomedicine 2020 Dec;79:153350.PMID:33002827DOI:10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153350.
Background: Vascular endothelial activation is pivotal for the pathological development of various infectious and inflammatory diseases. Therapeutic interventions to prevent endothelial activation are of great clinical significance to achieve anti-inflammatory strategy. Previous studies indicate that the total flavonoids from the endemic herbal medicine Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schltr exerts potent anti-inflammatory effect and protective effect against endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury, and shows clinical benefit in severe acute respiratory syndromes (SARS). However, the exact effective component of Nervilia fordii and its potential mechanism remain unknown. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of Rhamnocitrin (RH), a flavonoid extracted from Nervilia fordii, on LPS-induced endothelial activation. Methods: The in vitro endothelial cell activation model was induced by LPS in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Cell viability was measured to determine the cytotoxicity of RH. RT-PCR, Western blot, fluorescent probe and immunofluorescence were conducted to evaluate the effect and mechanism of RH against endothelial activation. Results: RH was extracted and isolated from Nervilia fordii. RH at the concentration from 10-7 M-10-5 M inhibited the expressions of interlukin-6 (IL-6) and -8 (IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in response to LPS challenge. Mechanistically, RH repressed calcium store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) induced by LPS, which is due to downregulation of stromal interaction molecule-1 (STIM-1) following upregulating microRNA-185 (miR-185). Ultimately, RH abrogated LPS-induced activation of SOCE-mediated calcineurin/NFATc3 (nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 3) signaling pathway. Conclusion: The present study identifies RH as a potent inhibitor of endothelial activation. Since vascular endothelial activation is a pivotal cause of excessive cytokine production, leading to cytokine storm and severe pathology in infectious diseases such as SARS and the ongoing COVID-19 pneumonia disease, RH might suggest promising therapeutic potential in the management of cytokine storm in these diseases.