Secretoneurin, rat
目录号 : GC37621
Secretoneurin, rat 是由分泌粒蛋白 II (SgII) 的蛋白水解过程产生的一种 33 个氨基酸多肽。Secretoneurin, rat 在体内和体外诱导大鼠纹状体多巴胺释放，对单核细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞有很强的趋化作用，而对粒细胞则没有。
Cas No.:149146-12-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00%
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Secretoneurin, rat, a 33-amino acid polypeptide, is generated by proteolytic processing of secretogranin II (SgII). Secretoneurin, rat induces dopamine release in the rat striatum in vivo and in vitro, and it exerts a very strong chemotactic effect on monocytes and eosinophils but not on granulocytes[1].
[1]. Troger J, et al. Secretoneurin in the peripheral ocular innervation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Feb;46(2):647-54.
| Cas No. | 149146-12-3 | SDF | |
| 分子式 | C159H252N40O58 | 分子量 | 3651.95 |
| 溶解度 | Soluble in DMSO | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
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| 10 mM | 0.0274 mL | 0.1369 mL | 0.2738 mL |
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Distribution and origin of secretoneurin-immunoreactive nerves in the female rat uterus
Neuroscience 2000;95(1):255-64.PMID:10619482DOI:10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00396-6.
Secretoneurin is a 33-amino acid peptide derived from secretogranin II. Secretoneurin immunoreactivity has been localized in the peripheral nervous system where it exerts potent chemotactic activity for monocytes and may play a role in inflammation. Secretoneurin could play a role in this process, although the presence and distribution of secretoneurin-immunoreactive neurons in the female reproductive system has not been documented. Thus, this study was undertaken to examine Secretoneurin immunoreactivity in nerves of the rat uterus and uterine cervix. A moderate plexus of secretoneurin-immunoreactive nerve fibers was present in the myometrium and endometrium of the uterus as well as in the smooth muscle and endocervix of the cervix. Many of these fibers were associated with the vasculature as well as the myometrium. Secretoneurin immunoreactivity was present in small- to medium-sized neurons of dorsal root and nodose ganglia. Retrograde tracing with FluoroGold indicated that some of these sensory neurons project axons to the cervix and uterine horns. Secretoneurin-immunoreactive terminal-like structures were associated with neurons in the sacral parasympathetic nucleus of the lumbosacral spinal cord. In addition, some Secretoneurin terminals were apposed to pelvic parasympathetic neurons in the paracervical ganglia that projected axons to the uterus and cervix. Double-immunostaining indicated co-existence of calcitonin gene-related peptide or substance P with Secretoneurin in some sensory neurons, in some terminals of the pelvic ganglia, as well as nerve fibers in the uterine horn and cervix. Finally, fibers in the uterus and cervix were depleted of Secretoneurin by capsaicin treatment. This study indicates that Secretoneurin is present in the uterus in C-afferent nerve fibers whose cell bodies are located in sensory ganglia. Some of these fibers contain both Secretoneurin and calcitonin gene-related peptide or substance P. These substances have functions in inflammatory reactions. Further, Secretoneurin could influence postganglionic parasympathetic "uterine-related" neurons in the pelvic ganglia and preganglionic parasympathetic neurons in the lumbosacral spinal cord.
Secretoneurin: a market in rat hippocampal pathways
J Comp Neurol 1997 Jan 6;377(1):29-40.PMID:8986870doi
Secretoneurin is a 33-amino acid peptide, generated in brain by proteolytic processing of secretogranin II. The distribution of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity and secretogranin II mRNA was investigated in the hippocampus of the rat. Secretogranin II mRNA was found in high concentrations throughout the granule cell and pyramidal cell layers and in many local neurons, notably in the hilus of the dentate gyrus. The general distributional pattern of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity was characterized by a prominent staining in the area of the terminal field of mossy fibers with an obvious staining in the infrapyramidal area of CA3 and a strongly immunopositive band in the inner third of the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. Lesions of the granule cells by local injection of colchicine significantly reduced secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity in the terminal field of mossy fibers, but not in the inner molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. On the other hand, destruction of interneurons of the dentate gyrus (mossy cells and certain gamma-aminobutyricacid-ergic interneurons) by kainic acid-induced seizures was associated with a reduction of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity in the inner molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. However, 30 days after kainic acid-induced seizures, a strongly secretoneurin-immunoreactive band reappeared in this area, which at this late time point is due to sprouting of mossy fibers collaterals. Our experiments suggest a widespread distribution of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity in neurons of the hippocampal formation with a preferential localization in excitatory pathways including associational/commissural fibers originating from secretoneurin-containing mossy cells.
Evidence for a high density of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity in the extended amygdala of the rat
J Comp Neurol 1995 Mar 6;353(2):275-90.PMID:7745136DOI:10.1002/cne.903530209.
Secretoneurin is a novel 33-amino-acid neuropeptide produced by endoproteolytic processing from secretogranin II, which is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family. In this immunocytochemical study, we compared the distribution pattern of Secretoneurin immunoreactivity with that of tyrosine hydroxylase, calbindin, substance P, and Leu-enkephalin in adjacent sections of rat forebrain. Secretoneurin appeared mainly in varicosities and fibers. Only a few cell bodies were stained. In the nucleus accumbens, a partial overlap of secretoneurin-immunoreactive patches with enkephalin-immunopositive areas was found. Secretoneurin displayed low to moderate levels of immunoreaction in calbindin-rich as well as in calbindin-immunonegative areas of the caudate-putamen. In the globus pallidus, entopeduncular nucleus, and substantia nigra, Secretoneurin immunoreactivity was oriented ventromedially preferentially in woolly fibers. The dense immunostaining in the medial nucleus accumbens was directly continuous with dense Secretoneurin immunoreactivity in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Two strongly secretoneurin-immunopositive bands, one in the sublenticular portion and a smaller one along the posterior limb of the anterior commissure, interconnected the highly secretoneurin-immunopositive centromedial amygdala with the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Thus, the distribution pattern of Secretoneurin immunoreactivity provides a marker of the extended amygdala that forms a continuum between the centromedial amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.
Human and rat primary C-fibre afferents store and release Secretoneurin, a novel neuropeptide
Eur J Neurosci 1994 May 1;6(5):861-8.PMID:8075827DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1994.tb00996.x.
Secretoneurin is a recently discovered neuropeptide derived from secretogranin II (SgII). Since this peptide could be detected in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord we studied whether it is localized in and released from primary afferent neurons. Secretoneurin was investigated with immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay in spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia and peripheral organs. SgII mRNA was determined in dorsal root ganglia. Normal rats and rats pre-treated neonatally with capsaicin to destroy selectively polymodal nociceptive (C-) fibres were used. Slices of dorsal spinal cord were perfused in vitro for release experiments. Immunocytochemistry showed a distinct distribution of secretoneurin-immunoreactivity (IR) in the spinal cord and, lower brainstem. A particularly high density of fibres was found in lamina I and outer lamina II of the caudal trigeminal nucleus and of the spinal cord. This distribution was qualitatively identical in rat and human post-mortem tissue. Numerous small diameter and some large dorsal root ganglia neurons were found to contain SgII mRNA. Capsaicin treatment led to a marked depletion of secretoneurin-IR in the substantia gelatinosa, but not in other immunopositive areas of the spinal cord and to a substantial loss of small (< 25 microns) SgII-mRNA-containing dorsal root ganglia neurons. Radioimmunoassay revealed a significant decrease of secretoneurin-IR in the dorsal spinal cord, the trachea, heart and urinary bladder of capsaicin-treated rats. Perfusion of spinal cord slices with capsaicin as well as with 60 mM potassium led to a release of secretoneurin-IR. In conclusion, Secretoneurin is a neuropeptide which is stored in and released from capsaicin-sensitive, primary afferent (C-fibre) neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Secretoneurin releases dopamine from rat striatal slices: a biological effect of a peptide derived from secretogranin II (chromogranin C)
Neuroscience 1993 May;54(1):1-4.PMID:8515836DOI:10.1016/0306-4522(93)90377-r.
Proteolytic processing of secretogranin II (chromogranin C) in brain leads to the formation of a 33-amino acid peptide which we have named Secretoneurin. All the properties of Secretoneurin are consistent with the concept that this peptide represents a neuropeptide. However, a biological function has not yet been demonstrated. Therefore, we have now investigated whether Secretoneurin could alter transmitter release in brain. Slices of rat caudate-putamen were superfused in an in vitro system and dopamine was measured in the superfusate. Secretoneurin dose-dependently increased the outflow of dopamine. This response was abolished in Ca(2+)-free medium. The secretoneurin-response could also be blocked by preincubation of the peptide with a specific antiserum and was subject to rapid specific and reversible desensitization. This effect on dopamine release constitutes the first discovered biological effect found for a peptide derived from secretogranin II. Thus, Secretoneurin can be added to the ever-growing number of neuropeptides.