Hydroquinine
(Synonyms: 氢化奎宁) 目录号 : GC36273
Hydroquinine (Dihydroquinine), also known as dihydroquinine, is an organic compound and as a cinchona alkaloid closely related to quinine.
Cas No.:522-66-7
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >97.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Hydroquinine (Dihydroquinine), also known as dihydroquinine, is an organic compound and as a cinchona alkaloid closely related to quinine.
| Cas No. | 522-66-7 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 氢化奎宁 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O[C@H](C1=C2C=C(C=CC2=NC=C1)OC)[C@H]3N4CC[C@@]([H])(C3)[C@@H](CC)C4 | ||
| 分子式 | C20H26N2O2 | 分子量 | 326.43 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 65mg/mL | 储存条件 | 4°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.0634 mL | 15.3172 mL | 30.6344 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6127 mL | 3.0634 mL | 6.1269 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3063 mL | 1.5317 mL | 3.0634 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Hydroquinine Possesses Antibacterial Activity, and at Half the MIC, Induces the Overexpression of RND-Type Efflux Pumps Using Multiplex Digital PCR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Trop Med Infect Dis 2022 Jul 30;7(8):156.PMID:36006248DOI:10.3390/tropicalmed7080156.
Hydroquinine is an organic compound that is closely related to quinine-derivative drugs and contains anti-malarial and anti-arrhythmia activities. It has been also found in abundance in some natural extracts that possess antibacterial properties. However, there is little evidence demonstrating the antibacterial effect of Hydroquinine. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of Hydroquinine using broth microdilution methods. In addition, we evaluated the transcriptional responses of P. aeruginosa to hydroquinine-induced stress using RNA sequencing with transcriptomic analysis and validated the results using PCR-based methods. The MIC and MBC values of Hydroquinine against all eight bacterial strains investigated ranged from 650 to 2500 and from 1250 to 5000 µg/mL, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that RND efflux pump transcripts were overexpressed (4.90−9.47 Log2 fold change). Using mRT-dPCR and RT-qPCR, we identified that mRNA levels of mexD and mexY genes were overexpressed in response to just half the MIC of Hydroquinine in P. aeruginosa. In conclusion, we uncover the antimicrobial potential of Hydroquinine as well as identify changes in gene expression that may contribute to bacterial resistance. Further work will be required to explore the efficacy and potential use of Hydroquinine in the clinic.
Hydroquinine pharmacokinetics after oral administration in adult patients with muscle cramps
Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2000 Jun;56(3):263-7.PMID:10952483DOI:10.1007/s002280000128.
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the pharmacokinetic properties of Hydroquinine after oral administration in adult patients with muscle cramps. The main reason for this study was the poor availability of pharmacokinetic data, hindering the design of studies to explore the possible relationship between Hydroquinine concentrations and effects. Methods: Sixteen adult patients with a clinical history of muscle cramps were given once-daily oral doses of 300 mg Hydroquinine hydrobromide for 4 days. Serum and saliva samples were taken following a predefined schedule until 24 h after the last dose. Urine was collected during the study period. Hydroquinine concentrations were measured, and calculations were made of pharmacokinetic parameters using non-linear curve fitting. Results: Pharmacokinetics of Hydroquinine could be best described using a one-compartment open model. After oral administration, Hydroquinine was rapidly absorbed (mean +/- SD: maximum concentration 2.43+/-0.68 mg/ 1; time to maximum concentration 1.4+/-1.2 h; lag time 0.54+/-0.50 h). With an elimination half-life of 10.9+/-6.1 h, steady-state was reached in several days. The distribution volume was 1.24+/-0.29 l/kg, total clearance was 6.7+/-3.2 l/h. The measured unbound Hydroquinine fraction was 8.6+/-3.0%. No correlation was found between saliva and serum concentrations. Cumulative urinary excretion of unchanged Hydroquinine 24 h after the first dose was 35.5+/-9.2 mg. Conclusion: Pharmacokinetic properties of Hydroquinine are roughly similar to those of quinine. The unchanged fraction of Hydroquinine excreted in urine is higher than that reported for quinine. Saliva Hydroquinine concentrations could not be related to serum values. Steady-state trough or other fixed-time serum concentrations may prove useful for further optimisation of Hydroquinine dosage.
High-Throughput Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals the Inhibitory Effect of Hydroquinine on Virulence Factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antibiotics (Basel) 2022 Oct 19;11(10):1436.PMID:36290094DOI:10.3390/antibiotics11101436.
Hydroquinine is an organic alkaloid compound that exhibits antimicrobial activity against several bacterial strains including strains of both drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa. Despite this, the effects of Hydroquinine on virulence factors in P. aeruginosa have not yet been characterized. We therefore aimed to uncover the mechanism of P. aeruginosa hydroquinine-sensitivity using high-throughput transcriptomic analysis. We further confirmed whether Hydroquinine inhibits specific virulence factors using RT-qPCR and phenotypic analysis. At half the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Hydroquinine (1.250 mg/mL), 254 genes were differentially expressed (97 downregulated and 157 upregulated). We found that flagellar-related genes were downregulated by between −2.93 and −2.18 Log2-fold change. These genes were consistent with the analysis of gene ontology and KEGG pathway. Further validation by RT-qPCR showed that Hydroquinine significantly suppressed expression of the flagellar-related genes. By analyzing cellular phenotypes, P. aeruginosa treated with ½MIC of Hydroquinine exhibited inhibition of motility (30−54% reduction) and pyocyanin production (~25−27% reduction) and impaired biofilm formation (~57−87% reduction). These findings suggest that Hydroquinine possesses anti-virulence factors, through diminishing flagellar, pyocyanin and biofilm formation.
Novel Chiral Thiourea Derived from Hydroquinine and l-Phenylglycinol: An Effective Catalyst for Enantio- and Diastereoselective Aza-Henry Reaction
ACS Omega 2021 Feb 18;6(8):5812-5824.PMID:33681620DOI:10.1021/acsomega.0c06233.
A series of chiral thiourea bearing multiple H-bond donors derived from Hydroquinine has been reported. The aza-Henry reaction of isatin-derived ketimines and long-chain nitroalkanes catalyzed by these chiral thioureas can achieve high enantioselectivity (78-99% ee) and excellent diastereoselectivity (up to 99:1). This work is the first report on long-chain nitroalkanes as substrates with excellent diastereoselectivity in metal-free catalytic systems.
Randomised controlled trial of Hydroquinine in muscle cramps
Lancet 1997 Feb 22;349(9051):528-32.PMID:9048790DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)80085-2.
Background: Although quinine and Hydroquinine are commonly prescribed for muscle cramps, controlled clinical trials of these drugs have reported mixed findings about efficacy. We investigated Hydroquinine therapy in otherwise healthy adults who had frequent, ordinary muscle cramps. Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial consisted of three consecutive 2-week periods: qualification, treatment, and washout, 68 women and 44 men who had at least three muscle cramps per week were enrolled. During the treatment period, participants were randomly assigned 300 mg daily dose of Hydroquinine hydrobromide dihydrate (54 participants) or placebo (58). The frequency, severity (1-10), duration, and location of muscle cramps, as well as any side-effects, were recorded by participant in daily diaries. The primary outcome measures were the number of muscle cramps and the number of days during which the participants had muscle cramps (cramp-days). Findings: We excluded five participants from both groups from the analysis. Thus, data from 49 hydroquinine-group participants and 53 placebo-group participants were analysed. In both groups the total number of muscle cramps and the number of cramp-days decreased during the treatment period compared with the qualification period. However, these improvements were greater in the Hydroquinine group than in the placebo group. The hydroquinine-group participants reported a median of 8 (95% CI 7-12) fewer cramps and median of 3 (1-4) fewer cramp-days, whereas those on placebo reported only 3 (0-5) fewer cramps and 1 (0-5) fewer cramp-days. 32 (65%) of participants in the Hydroquinine group had a 50% or greater reduction in the number of muscle cramps. After the onset of cramps, Hydroquinine did not reduce the severity or duration of cramps. We also found a sustained effect after treatment had stopped. Hydroquinine was well tolerated, and resulted in only mild side-effects. Interpretation: In our study, 300 mg Hydroquinine was safe to take in the short-term and significantly more effective than placebo in the prevention of frequent, ordinary muscle cramps. This therapeutic effect outlasted the duration of treatment.