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Fulvic Acid

(Synonyms: 富里酸) 目录号 : GC43708

A fungal metabolite

Fulvic Acid Chemical Structure

Cas No.:479-66-3

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1mg
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产品描述

Fulvic acid is a phenolic acid and fungal metabolite originally isolated from Penicillium. Fulvic acids are formed via degradation of organisms and their wastes and are classified as humic substances, which are present in soil and water, can form complexes with metals, and can act as oxidizers or reducers. Fulvic acid is predicted to inhibit amyloid-β (17-42) (Aβ17-42) dimerization, disrupt preformed Aβ17-42 trimers, and bind to the catalytic site of phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A) based on molecular dynamics simulation studies.

Chemical Properties

Cas No. 479-66-3 SDF
别名 富里酸
Canonical SMILES OC1=C(O)C=C(OC(CC(O)(C)OC2)=C2C3=O)C3=C1C(O)=O
分子式 C14H12O8 分子量 308.2
溶解度 Chloroform: soluble,Methanol: soluble 储存条件 Store at -20°C
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1 mM 3.2446 mL 16.2232 mL 32.4465 mL
5 mM 0.6489 mL 3.2446 mL 6.4893 mL
10 mM 0.3245 mL 1.6223 mL 3.2446 mL
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Research Update

Therapeutic Potential of Fulvic Acid in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and Diabetes

J Diabetes Res 2018 Sep 10;2018:5391014.PMID:30276216DOI:10.1155/2018/5391014.

Chronic inflammatory diseases like diabetes are on a rise in the Western world. Based on the tsunami of new cases every year, new therapeutic measures must be considered. A promising avenue might involve the attenuation of underlying inflammation through natural health products (NHPs). This is because most NHPs have a rich history in traditional medicine and might be considered safer under appropriate doses and conditions. However, the biggest impediment in NHP research is that rarely do these products come with verified health benefits or dosing schedules established through modern scientific research. Fulvic Acid (FvA), one such NHP, comes from humic substances produced by microorganisms in soil. Traditional medicine and modern research claim FvA can modulate the immune system, influence the oxidative state of cells, and improve gastrointestinal function; all of which are hallmarks of diabetes. This minireview outlines the available peer-reviewed research on FvA and examines its anecdotal health claims. We show that although available research has been minimal, there is substantial evidence to pursue FvA research in preventing chronic inflammatory diseases, including diabetes.

Exogenous Fulvic Acid enhances stability of mineral-associated soil organic matter better than manure

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022 Feb;29(7):9805-9816.PMID:34505251DOI:10.1007/s11356-021-16382-0.

Mineral-associated soil organic matter (MAOM) is seen as the key to soil carbon sequestration, but its stability often varies with types of exogenous organic materials. Fulvic Acid and manure are ones of the exogenous organic materials used for the improvement of degraded soil. However, little is known about if and how Fulvic Acid and manure affect the stability of MAOM. Using a field experiment of four fertilization treatments (no fertilization, mineral fertilizers, Fulvic Acid, and manure) and a comprehensive meta-analysis using relevant studies published prior to January 2020, we investigated effects of exogenous Fulvic Acid and manure applications on four MAOM stability indexes: association intensity, humus stabilization index, iron oxide complex coefficient, and aluminum oxide complex coefficient. Exogenous Fulvic Acid and manure applications increased soil organic carbon fractions by 26.04-48.47%, MAOM stability by 12.26-387.41%, and complexed iron/aluminum contents by 16.12-20.01%. Fulvic Acid application increased MAOM stability by promoting mineral oxide complexation by 20.33% and manure application improved MAOM stability via increasing humus stabilization by 21-25%. Association intensity was positively correlated with contents of soil carbon fractions and the metal oxide complex coefficients were positively correlated with iron/aluminum oxide contents. Moreover, stable-humus exerted significantly positive direct and indirect effects on association intensity and humus stabilization index, while amorphous iron/aluminum content had significantly negative influences on metal oxide complex coefficients. The meta-analysis verified that long-term Fulvic Acid application improved MAOM stability more so than manure application in acidic soils. We recommend that strategies aiming to prevent land degradation should focus on the potential of Fulvic Acid as a soil amendment because it can significantly increase MAOM stability.

Humic Acid and Fulvic Acid Hinder Long-Term Weathering of Microplastics in Lake Water

Environ Sci Technol 2021 Dec 7;55(23):15810-15820.PMID:34757731DOI:10.1021/acs.est.1c04501.

We investigated the photoaging of polypropylene (PP) microplastics (MPs) in lake water. The results showed that photoaging of PP MPs was significantly inhibited in lake water compared with ultrapure water after 12 d of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, and humic acid and Fulvic Acid, rather than carbonate (CO32-), nitrate (NO3-), or chloride (Cl-) ions, were identified as the primary contributors to the observed inhibition. Mechanisms for the roles of humic acid (Suwannee River humic acid) and Fulvic Acid (Pony Lake Fulvic Acid) in reducing the rates of photodegradation showed that humic acid and Fulvic Acid acted as both reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers (e.g., of •OH) (dominant contribution) and optical light filters. As ROS scavengers, humic acid and Fulvic Acid significantly decreased the capacity for the formation of •OH and O2•- by PP MPs under irradiation. In addition, the chromophores in humic acid and Fulvic Acid competed for photons with MPs through the light-shielding effect, thereby causing less fragmentation of PP particles and changes in other properties (melting temperature, contact angle, and surface zeta potential). The proposed mechanisms for inhibition by humic acid and Fulvic Acid will aid our efforts to assess the duration of aging and alterations of MP properties during long-term weathering in natural waters.

Fulvic Acid Attenuates Atopic Dermatitis by Downregulating CCL17/22

Molecules 2023 Apr 16;28(8):3507.PMID:37110740DOI:10.3390/molecules28083507.

The main pathogenic factor in atopic dermatitis (AD) is Th2 inflammation, and levels of serum CCL17 and CCL22 are related to severity in AD patients. Fulvic Acid (FA) is a kind of natural humic acid with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory effects. Our experiments demonstrated the therapeutic effect of FA on AD mice and revealed some potential mechanisms. FA was shown to reduce TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 expression in HaCaT cells stimulated by TNF-α and IFN-γ. The inhibitors showed that FA inhibits CCL17 and CCL22 production by deactivating the p38 MAPK and JNK pathways. After 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) induction in mice with atopic dermatitis, FA effectively reduced the symptoms and serum levels of CCL17 and CCL22. In conclusion, topical FA attenuated AD via downregulation of CCL17 and CCL22, via inhibition of P38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation, and FA is a potential therapeutic agent for AD.

[Adsorption of Fulvic Acid on Virgin and Aging Microplastics]

Huan Jing Ke Xue 2022 Mar 8;43(3):1472-1480.PMID:35258211DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.202107034.

Due to the wide distribution and strong adsorption ability of microplastics (MPs) for organic matter in aquatic environments, the interaction between MPs and natural organic matter (NOM) cannot be ignored. In this study, virgin and aging polyamide 66 (PA66) and polypropylene (PP) MPs were used to adsorb Fulvic Acid (FA) in order to understand the effect of MPs on NOM. The results indicated that the kinetics experimental data of FA adsorption on virgin and aging MPs well fitted the pseudo-second-order model (R2>0.94), and the adsorption equilibrium was reached at 48 h. Compared to that of PP, the adsorption capacity of FA on PA66 were relatively higher, and the aging process improved the adsorption ability of MPs for FA. Freundlich models were well fitting with the adsorption isotherms experimental data compared to Langmuir models, indicating that the adsorption of FA on the virgin and aging MPs was a multi-layer heterogeneous physical process. The thermodynamics analysis revealed that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. With the increase in pH, the adsorption capacity of FA first decreased and then increased. The desorption experiment indicated that the FA desorbed from the tested MPs in ultrapure water obtained higher desorption rates than that in surface water, and the desorption rates of aging MPs were less than that of the corresponding virgin ones. The aging process had a great influence on the structure of MPs, which resulted in a distinct increase in surface area and roughness of MPs, but slightly affected functional groups. Specific surface area and polarity of MPs were the main influencing factors for the adsorption process, and the main mechanism of FA adsorption on the tested MPs was hydrophobic and π-π interactions.