EF24
目录号 : GC64496
EF24 是一种姜黄素类似物，具有更强的抗肿瘤功效和口服生物利用度。在口腔鳞状细胞癌细胞中，EF24 通过抑制 MAPK/ERK 信号通路发挥抗肿瘤作用。EF24 处理可提高活化的 Caspase3 和 Caspase9 的水平，并降低 MEK1 和 ERK 的磷酸化形式的表达。
Cas No.:342808-40-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
EF24 is a curcumin analogue with greater anti-tumor efficacy and oral bioavailability via deactivation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). EF24 treatment increases the levels of activated caspase 3 and 9, and decreases the phosphorylated forms of MEK1 and ERK[1][2].
[1]. Lelli D, et al. Curcumin and treatment of melanoma: The potential role of microRNAs. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Apr;88:832-834. [2]. Mosley CA, et al. Highly active anticancer curcumin analogues. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007;595:77-103.
| Cas No. | 342808-40-6 | SDF | Download SDF |
| 分子式 | C19H15F2NO | 分子量 | 311.33 |
| 溶解度 | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C | |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.212 mL | 16.0601 mL | 32.1203 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6424 mL | 3.212 mL | 6.4241 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3212 mL | 1.606 mL | 3.212 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
EF24 induces ferroptosis in osteosarcoma cells through HMOX1
Biomed Pharmacother 2021 Apr;136:111202.PMID:33453607DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111202.
Purpose: EF24, a synthetic analogue of curcumin, was developed as an anti-tumor compound to induce apoptosis, inhibit proliferation and metastasis in various cancers. However, whether EF24 induces ferroptosis in osteosarcoma cells or not, and its underlying mechanism remains largely elusive. Methods: After EF24 combining with or without other compounds treatments, mRNA expression profiles were proceeded by RNA sequencing. Cytotoxicity was measured by cell counting kit-8 assay. Cell death was quantified by flow cytometer. Gene expression was quantified by real-time PCR. Protein level was detected by western blot. Malonydialdehyde (MDA) level was measured by lipid peroxidation MDA assay kit. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was measured by ROS Assay Kit. Ferric ion was measured by Iron Assay kit. Results: EF24 significantly induced cell death in osteosarcoma cell lines, and this effect was significantly reversed by ferrostatin-1, but not Z-VAD(Ome)-FMK, MRT68921 or necrosulfonamide. EF24 significantly increased MDA level, ROS level and intracellular ferric ion level, these effects were significantly attenuated by ferrostatin-1. EF24 upregulated HMOX1 expression in a dose dependent manner, overexpression of HMOX1 facilitated EF24 to induce ferroptosis in osteosarcoma cell lines. HMOX1 knockdown attenuated EF24-induced cytotoxicity and attenuated EF24-induced inhibition of Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression. Conclusion: Our results showed that EF24 upregulated HMOX1 to suppress GPX4 expression to induce ferroptosis by increasing MDA level, ROS level and intracellular ferric ion level. Thus, EF24 might serve as a potential agent for the treatment of HMOX1-positive osteosarcoma patients.
Bioactivities of EF24, a Novel Curcumin Analog: A Review
Front Oncol 2018 Dec 11;8:614.PMID:30619754DOI:10.3389/fonc.2018.00614.
Curcumin is an attractive agent due to its multiple bioactivities. However, the low oral bioavailability and efficacy profile hinders its clinical application. To improve the bioavailability, many analogs of curcumin have been developed, among which EF24 is an excellent representative. EF24 has enhanced bioavailability over curcumin and shows more potent bioactivity, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial. EF24 inhibits tumor growth by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, mainly through its inhibitory effect on the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and by regulating key genes through microRNA (miRNA) or the proteosomal pathway. Based on the current structure, more potent EF24 analogs have been designed and synthesized. However, some roles of EF24 remain unclear, such as whether it induces or inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and whether it stimulates or inhibits the mitogen activated kinase-like protein (MAPK) pathway. This review summarizes the known biological and pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action of EF24.
EF24 exerts cytotoxicity against NSCLC via inducing ROS accumulation
Cancer Cell Int 2021 Oct 12;21(1):531.PMID:34641863DOI:10.1186/s12935-021-02240-z.
Background: The role of Diphenyldifluoroketone (EF24), a synthetic analogue of curcumin with noteworthy antitumor potential, remains unclear in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Herein, the inhibitory effect of EF24 on NSCLC and its mechanism were studied. Methods: Cytotoxicity was measured by MTT assay, colony formation assay and xenograft model. Cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were quantified by flow cytometer. Protein level was detected by western blot assay. Mitochondria and autophagosomes were observed using transmission electron microscope and confocal microscopy. Results: In-vitro, EF24 significantly induced proliferation inhibition, apoptosis, mitochondrial fission and autophagy of NSCLC cell lines. These cytotoxic effects were significantly attenuated by two reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers, indicating its anti-cancer effects largely depend on ROS accumulation. In-vivo, EF24 inhibited tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, no pathological changes of heart, lung, spleen, kidney and liver of mice were observed. Collectively, EF24 induced ROS accumulation, in turn activates cell apoptosis, and then exerts its cytotoxicity on NSCLC cells. Conclusions: The results showed that EF24 exerted cytotoxicity against NSCLC via ROS accumulation. Thus, EF24 might serve as a potential anti-cancer agent for the treatment of NSCLC.
Evaluation of anti-inflammatory diphenyldihaloketone EF24 in transient ischemic stroke model
Brain Inj 2022 Jan 28;36(2):279-286.PMID:35254869DOI:10.1080/02699052.2022.2034959.
Objectives: Revascularization is necessary in patients with ischemic stroke, however it does not address inflammation that contribute to reperfusion injury and the early growth of ischemic core. We investigated EF24, an anti-inflammatory agent, in a stroke model. Methods: Ischemic stroke was induced in mice by occluding middle cerebral artery for 1 h followed by reperfusion. EF24 was given either 10 min post-reperfusion (EF24Post) or 10 min before occlusion (prophylactic, EF24Pro). Survival, ipsilateral uptake of radioactive infarct marker 18F-fluoroglucaric acid (FGA), inflammatory cytokines, and tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining were assessed. Results: Survival was increased in both EF24-treated groups compared to the stroke+vehicle group. Ipsilateral 18F-FGA uptake increased 2.6-fold in stroke+vehicle group compared to sham group (p < 0.05); the uptake in EF24-treated groups and sham group was not significantly different. TTC-staining also showed reduction in infarct size by EF24 treatment. Plasma IL-6, TNF-α, and corticosterone did not show significant changes among groups. However, ipsilateral tissue in stroke+vehicle mice showed increased IL-6 (>90-fold) and TNF-α (3-fold); the tissue IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly reduced in stroke+EF24Pro and stroke+EF24Post groups. 18F-FGA uptake significantly correlated with tissue IL-6 levels. Conclusions: EF24 controls infarct growth and suppresses tissue inflammation in ischemic stroke, which can be monitored by 18F-FGA uptake.
EF24, a schistosomicidal curcumin analog: Insights from its synthesis and phenotypic, biochemical and cytotoxic activities
Chem Biol Interact 2022 Dec 1;368:110191.PMID:36181831DOI:10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110191.
Praziquantel (PZQ) is the only drug available for community-based control programs which aim to reduce the prevalence and morbidity associated with schistosomiasis. Here, we synthesized and evaluated the schistosomicidal, biochemical and cytotoxic activities of EF24, a synthetic curcumin analog, against different isolates of Schistosoma mansoni. EF24 elicited marked phenotypic alterations at 10 μM against schistosomula and 42-day-old adult worms of the Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) isolate. EF24 had 50% effective concentration (EC50) values of <10 μM against the Luis Evangelista (LE), Sergipe (SE), Belo Horizonte (BH) and Belo Horizonte less sensitive to PZQ (BH < PZQ) isolates of adult S. mansoni; however, the respective sensitivities of these isolates differed. Changes in the parasite included, vacuolization of the tegument and focal lysis of the interstitial tissue and muscle layers. Against 28-day-old juvenile worms (LE isolate), EF24 was about three times more potent than PZQ. After 6 h at 12.5 μM, EF24 increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activity of the antioxidant enzyme, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), by 32 and 19% in female and male adult worms, respectively. By contrast, after 6 h at 12.5 μM glutathione reductase (GR) activity decreased by 43 and 30%, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity decreased by 67 and 44% in females and males, respectively. EF24 was less cytotoxic to mammalian host cells than to S. mansoni, with selectivity indexes (SIs) of 1.8-3.4 and 2.7-7.5 for juvenile and adult worms, respectively. Given the current evidence for the in vitro schistosomicidal effect of EF24, the structure-activity relationship of additional analogs to identify new candidates for schistosomiasis treatment is warranted.