Ceramides (hydroxy)
目录号 : GC47073
A mixture of hydroxy fatty acid-containing ceramides
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Ceramides are generated from sphingomyelin through activation of sphingomyelinases or through the de novo synthesis pathway, which requires the coordinated action of serine palmitoyl transferase and ceramide synthase. They have been shown to mediate antiproliferative responses such as apoptosis, growth arrest, differentiation, and senescence.1 This product contains a mixture of hydroxy fatty acid-containing ceramides. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1323]
1.Ogretmen, B., Pettus, B.J., Rossi, M.J., et al.Biochemical mechanisms of the generation of endogenous long chain ceramide in response to exogenous short chain ceramide in the A547 human lung adenocarcinoma cell lineJ. Biol. Chem.277(15)12960-12969(2002)
| Cas No. | N/A | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(N[C@H]([C@H](O)/C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCC)CO)C(O)[R] | ||
| 分子式 | C36H71NO4 (for 2-hydroxy stearoyl) | 分子量 | 0 |
| 溶解度 | Chloroform:Methanol (2:1): Soluble,Methanol: Soluble | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Role of Omega-Hydroxy Ceramides in Epidermis: Biosynthesis, Barrier Integrity and Analyzing Method
Int J Mol Sci 2023 Mar 6;24(5):5035.PMID:36902463DOI:10.3390/ijms24055035.
Attached to the outer surface of the corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE), omega-hydroxy Ceramides (ω-OH-Cer) link to involucrin and function as lipid components of the stratum corneum (SC). The integrity of the skin barrier is highly dependent on the lipid components of SC, especially on ω-OH-Cer. Synthetic ω-OH-Cer supplementation has been utilized in clinical practice for epidermal barrier injury and related surgeries. However, the mechanism discussion and analyzing methods are not keeping pace with its clinical application. Though mass spectrometry (MS) is the primary choice for biomolecular analysis, method modifications for ω-OH-Cer identification are lacking in progress. Therefore, finding conclusions on ω-OH-Cer biological function, as well as on its identification, means it is vital to remind further researchers of how the following work should be done. This review summarizes the important role of ω-OH-Cer in epidermal barrier functions and the forming mechanism of ω-OH-Cer. Recent identification methods for ω-OH-Cer are also discussed, which could provide new inspirations for study on both ω-OH-Cer and skin care development.
Comparative profiling and comprehensive quantification of stratum corneum Ceramides in humans and mice by LC/MS/MS
J Lipid Res 2020 Jun;61(6):884-895.PMID:32265320DOI:10.1194/jlr.RA120000671.
Ceramides are the predominant lipids in the stratum corneum (SC) and are crucial components for normal skin barrier function. Although the composition of various ceramide classes in the human SC has been reported, that in mice is still unknown, despite mice being widely used as animal models of skin barrier function. Here, we performed LC/MS/MS analyses using recently available ceramide class standards to measure 25 classes of free Ceramides and 5 classes of protein-bound Ceramides from human and mouse SC. Phytosphingosine- and 6-hydroxy sphingosine-type Ceramides, which both contain an additional hydroxyl group, were abundant in the human SC (35% and 45% of total Ceramides, respectively). In contrast, in mice, phytosph-ingosine- and 6-hydroxy sphingosine-type Ceramides were present at ∼1% and undetectable levels, respectively, and sphingosine-type Ceramides accounted for ∼90%. In humans, Ceramides containing α-hydroxy FA were abundant, whereas Ceramides containing β-hydroxy or ω-hydroxy FA were abundant in mice. The hydroxylated β-carbon in β-hydroxy Ceramides was in the (R) configuration. Genetic knockout of β-hydroxy acyl-CoA dehydratases in HAP1 cells increased β-hydroxy ceramide levels, suggesting that β-hydroxy acyl-CoA, an FA-elongation cycle intermediate in the ER, is a substrate for β-hydroxy ceramide synthesis. We anticipate that our methods and findings will help to elucidate the role of each ceramide class in skin barrier formation and in the pathogenesis of skin disorders.
Dupilumab significantly improves skin barrier function in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis
Allergy 2022 Nov;77(11):3388-3397.PMID:35815904DOI:10.1111/all.15432.
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by abnormal skin lipids that are largely driven by hyperactivated type 2 immune responses. The antibody to the α-subunit of interleukin (IL)-4 receptor, dupilumab, was recently approved to treat AD and demonstrated strong efficacy. However, the role of dupilumab therapy in the regulation of skin barrier structure and function has not been fully explored. Methods: We have evaluated the content of lipids and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in lesional and non-lesional skin of adults and adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD over the course of 16-week treatment with dupilumab and compared those values with that of matched healthy volunteers. Results: Dupilumab treatment provided a significant decrease in TEWL in AD lesions, lowering it almost to the levels seen in the skin of healthy subjects. Blocking IL-4/IL-13 signaling with dupilumab normalized lipid composition (decreased levels of Ceramides with non-hydroxy fatty acids and C18-sphingosine and increased the level of esterified omega-hydroxy fatty acid-containing Ceramides) and increased ceramide chain length in lesional as well as non-lesional stratum corneum of AD patients. Partial changes for these parameters were already observed after 2 weeks, with a full response achieved after 8 weeks of dupilumab treatment. Conclusions: Inhibition of IL-4/IL-13 signaling by dupilumab allows restoration of skin lipid composition and barrier function in patients with moderate-to-severe AD.
Structural identification of skin Ceramides containing ω-hydroxy acyl chains using mass spectrometry
Arch Pharm Res 2016 Oct;39(10):1426-1432.PMID:27432202DOI:10.1007/s12272-016-0794-9.
The stratum corneum (SC) acts as a barrier that protects organisms against the environment and from transepidermal water loss. It consists of corneocytes embedded in a matrix of lipid metabolites (Ceramides, cholesterol, and free fatty acids). Of these lipids, Ceramides are sphingolipids consisting of sphingoid bases, linked to fatty acyl chains. Typical fatty acid acyl chains are composed of α-hydroxy fatty acids (A), esterified ω-hydroxy fatty acids (EO), non-hydroxy fatty acids (N), and ω-hydroxy fatty acids (O). Of these, O-type Ceramides are ester-linked via their ω-hydroxyl group to proteins in the cornified envelope and can be released and extracted following mild alkaline hydrolysis. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis of O-type Ceramides using chip-based direct infusion nanoelectrospray-ion trap mass spectrometry generated the characteristic fragmentation pattern of both acyl and sphingoid units, suggesting that this method could be applied to the structural identification of O-type Ceramides. Based on the MS/MS fragmentation patterns of O-type Ceramides, comprehensive fragmentation schemes are proposed. In addition, we have also developed a method for identifying and profiling O-type Ceramides in the mouse and guinea pig SC. This information may be used to identify O-type Ceramides in the SC of animal skin.
ω-O-Acylceramides but not ω-hydroxy Ceramides are required for healthy lamellar phase architecture of skin barrier lipids
J Lipid Res 2022 Jun;63(6):100226.PMID:35568253DOI:10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100226.
Epidermal omega-O-acylceramides (ω-O-acylCers) are essential components of a competent skin barrier. These unusual sphingolipids with ultralong N-acyl chains contain linoleic acid esterified to the terminal hydroxyl of the N-acyl, the formation of which requires the transacylase activity of patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 1 (PNPLA1). In ichthyosis with dysfunctional PNPLA1, ω-O-acylCer levels are significantly decreased, and ω-hydroxylated Cers (ω-OHCers) accumulate. Here, we explore the role of the linoleate moiety in ω-O-acylCers in the assembly of the skin lipid barrier. Ultrastructural studies of skin samples from neonatal Pnpla1+/+ and Pnpla1-/- mice showed that the linoleate moiety in ω-O-acylCers is essential for lamellar pairing in lamellar bodies, as well as for stratum corneum lipid assembly into the long periodicity lamellar phase. To further study the molecular details of ω-O-acylCer deficiency on skin barrier lipid assembly, we built in vitro lipid models composed of major stratum corneum lipid subclasses containing either ω-O-acylCer (healthy skin model), ω-OHCer (Pnpla1-/- model), or combination of the two. X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and permeability studies indicated that ω-OHCers could not substitute for ω-O-acylCers, although in favorable conditions, they form a medium lamellar phase with a 10.8 nm-repeat distance and permeability barrier properties similar to long periodicity lamellar phase. In the absence of ω-O-acylCers, skin lipids were prone to separation into two phases with diminished barrier properties. The models combining ω-OHCers with ω-O-acylCers indicated that accumulation of ω-OHCers does not prevent ω-O-acylCer-driven lamellar stacking. These data suggest that ω-O-acylCer supplementation may be a viable therapeutic option in patients with PNPLA1 deficiency.