Azadirachtin
(Synonyms: 印楝素) 目录号 : GC46901
A naturally-occurring insecticide
Cas No.:11141-17-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Azadirachtin is a naturally-occurring insecticide originally isolated from the seeds of A. indica.1 It inhibits feeding behavior, molting, and/or ovarian development in a species-dependent manner in insects.2 Azadirachtin inhibits feeding on G. barbadense leaves and cotyledon disks by third instar H. zea larvae with protection concentrations (PC95s) of 6.2 and 6.8 μg/disk, respectively.3 It inhibits ecdysis and growth of H. zea, H. virescens, S. frugiperda, and P. gossypiella with ecdysis inhibition values (EI95s) ranging from 1 to 10 ppm and ED50 values ranging from 0.4 to 0.7 ppm. Azadirachtin inhibits the growth of freshly molted fourth instar E. varivestis larva (LC50 = 1.66 ppm).2 It is lethal to A. stephensi first, second, third, and fourth instar larva, pupa, and adults at a concentration of 0.1 ppm.4
1.Butterworth, J.H., and Morgan, E.D.Isolation of a substance that suppresses feeding in locustsChem. Commun. (Lond.)123-24(1968) 2.Rembold, H.Azadirachtins. Their structure and mode of actionInsecticides of Plant Origin150-163(1989) 3.Kubo, I., and Kocke, J.A.Azadirachtin, insect ecdysis inhibitorAgr. Biol. Chem.46(7)1951-1953(1982) 4.Nathan, S.S., Kalaivani, K., and Murugan, K.Effects of neem limonoids on the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae)Acta. Trop.96(1)47-55(2005)
| Cas No. | 11141-17-6 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 印楝素 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(OC)[C@@]1(O)OC[C@]23[C@@H](OC(/C(C)=C/C)=O)C[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]4(C(OC)=O)[C@]2([H])[C@](OC4)([H])[C@@H](O)[C@@](C)([C@]56[C@@](C)(O6)[C@]7([H])[C@](C=CO8)(O)[C@]8([H])O[C@@]5([H])C7)[C@@]31[H] | ||
| 分子式 | C35H44O16 | 分子量 | 720.7 |
| 溶解度 | Chloroform: Slightly Soluble,Methanol: Slightly Soluble | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.3875 mL | 6.9377 mL | 13.8754 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2775 mL | 1.3875 mL | 2.7751 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1388 mL | 0.6938 mL | 1.3875 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
[Azadirachtin, a natural pesticide with multiple effects]
Med Sci (Paris) 2020 Jan;36(1):44-49.PMID:32014097DOI:10.1051/medsci/2019268.
There are many studies devoted to the negative impact of conventional pesticides that effectively control pests, but cause widespread environmental pollution. As a result, interest is growing in pesticides of a natural origin with a lower environmental impact. Among them, Azadirachtin, sold under various formulations (neem oil, Neem-Azal, Bioneem, etc.), is still the most widely recommended molecule in agricultural ecosystems. Azadirachtin has also been used in traditional medicine for centuries, and studies published over the past few years have tended to support its therapeutic use. Yet the argument that Azadirachtin is harmless to the environment has been offset by its notable collateral and controversial effects on non-target organisms. The present paper summarizes the work already done in this field.
The Azadirachtin story
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008;47(49):9402-29.PMID:19031481DOI:10.1002/anie.200802675.
Azadirachtin has been the subject of intensive research within the scientific community ever since its isolation from the neem tree in 1968. There are now over 1000 publications relating to this natural product which cover all aspects of structural, biological and synthetic studies. Herein, we describe the worldwide synthesis efforts towards this fascinating molecule.
Chemistry, bioactivities, extraction and analysis of Azadirachtin: State-of-the-art
Fitoterapia 2019 Apr;134:141-150.PMID:30738093DOI:10.1016/j.fitote.2019.02.006.
Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Neem) is an Indian tree recognized for its activity as pesticide, as well as several pharmacological properties. Among the various compounds already isolated and studied from Neem tree, Azadirachtin (AZA) was identified as the main bioactive compound. Azadirachtin can be found at different parts of the Neem plant but assumes its maximum concentration at the seed level. This compound features a quite complex chemical structure, which justifies the 20-plus-year difficulty to identify the synthetic pathway that subsequently permitted to carry out its artificial synthesis. Azadirachtin is widely used as a basis for production of biopesticides; nevertheless, other properties have been recognized for this substance, among which the anticancer and antimalarial activity stand out. The methods available for Azadirachtin extraction are diverse, including solid-liquid extraction and extraction with solvents at high or low temperatures. Alcohol based solvents are associated with higher extraction yields and are therefore preferred for the isolation of Azadirachtin from plant parts. Clean-up of the extracts is generally required for further purification. The highest Azadirachtin levels have been obtained from Neem seeds but concentration values present a large variation between batches. Therefore, in addition to extraction procedures, it is essential to establish routine methods for Azadirachtin identification and quantification. Chromatography-based techniques are preferably selected for detection and quantification of Azadirachtin in plant matrices. Overall, this process will guarantee a future reproducible, safe and effective use of the extracts in formulations for commercial applications.
Azadirachtin, a scientific gold mine
Bioorg Med Chem 2009 Jun 15;17(12):4096-105.PMID:19112026DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2008.11.081.
Azadirachtin is a highly interesting compound both for its chemical structure, which required 18 years to solve, and its synthesis, which required another 22 years, and for its biological properties as a feeding deterrent for many insects and a growth disruptant for most insects and many other arthropods. Its mode of action, structure-activity relationships, and its biosynthesis still require much research. A valuable natural pesticide, it has very low toxicity for vertebrates, and yet it has still not achieved a prominent place among pesticides and in many countries it is not yet licensed for use. An attempt is made to understand its failure to capture a larger market, 40 years after its discovery.
Production of biopesticide Azadirachtin using plant cell and hairy root cultures
Eng Life Sci 2017 May 26;17(9):997-1005.PMID:32624850DOI:10.1002/elsc.201700012.
The extensive use of nondegradable chemical pesticides for pest management has developed serious environmental hazards. This has necessitated the urgent need to switch over to an alternative mode of biopesticide development for mass agriculture and field crop protection. Azadirachta indica A. Juss (commonly known as neem) houses a plethora of bioactive secondary metabolites with Azadirachtin being the most active constituent explored in the sector of ecofriendly and biodegradable biopesticides characterized by low toxicity toward nontarget organisms. It has been reported that the highest content of Azadirachtin and related limonoids is present in the seeds, available once in a year. Moreover, the inconsistent content and purity of the metabolites in whole plant makes it imperative to tap the potential of in vitro plant tissue culture applications, which would allow for several controlled manipulations for better yield and productivities. This review gives a summarized literature of the applied research and achievements in plant cell/hairy cultures of A. indica A. Juss mainly in context with the biopesticide Azadirachtin and applications thereof.