Violuric acid
(Synonyms: 紫脲酸) 目录号 : GC61934
Violuric acid 是一种在漆酶体系中使用的氧化还原介体。Violuric acid 测定法是一种确定漆酶在定向进化过程中不丧失高氧化还原电位的方法。
Cas No.:87-39-8
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >97.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Violuric acid is a redox mediator used in the laccase system. The violuric acid assay is a method to ascertain that the high-redox potential of laccase is not lost during directed evolution[1][2].
References:
[1]. Zhenyu Shi, et al. Enhanced Transformation of Emerging Contaminants by Permanganate in the Presence of Redox Mediators. Environ Sci Technol. 2020 Feb 4;54(3):1909-1919.
[2]. Isabel Pardo, et al. Colorimetric High-Throughput Screening Assays for the Directed Evolution of Fungal Laccases. Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1685:247-254.
| Cas No. | 87-39-8 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 紫脲酸 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | ON=C1C(NC(NC1=O)=O)=O | ||
| 分子式 | C4H3N3O4 | 分子量 | 157.08 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 50 mg/mL (318.31 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 6.3662 mL | 31.8309 mL | 63.6618 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.2732 mL | 6.3662 mL | 12.7324 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.6366 mL | 3.1831 mL | 6.3662 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Violuric acid carbon dots as a highly fluorescence probe for ultrasensitive determination of Zn (II) in tomato paste
Food Chem 2023 Jul 1;413:135638.PMID:36773356DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135638.
Zinc is an essential metal since it plays an important role in biological systems, therefore, determination of zinc in food samples is important. Violuric acid was used to prepare highly fluorescent carbon dots (CDs), when it irradiated with ultraviolet radiation at 365 nm, a strong violet fluorescence was observed which caused by the increased amount of nitrogen in the CD structure, which were then successfully used for sensing zinc ion based on quenching of fluorescence. Violuric acid's hydrothermal carbonization reaction's temperature and time were simply optimized for better-quality performance of the CDs as-synthesized. The probe was characterized by HRTEM, SEM, XRD, EDX, fluorescence, UV-Visible absorption spectrophotometry, and FTIR. With a lower LOD 0.32 nM, the developed approach demonstrates an exceptional sensitivity and good selective response to the Zn2+ at 25℃. Compared to the results from ICP, the sensor was successfully used for determination of Zn2+ ions in tomato paste samples.
Violuric acid monohydrate: a second polymorph with more extensive hydrogen bonding
Acta Crystallogr C 2007 Jun;63(Pt 6):o327-9.PMID:17551193DOI:10.1107/S010827010701743X.
Crystals of a second polymorph of Violuric acid monohydrate [systematic name: pyrimidine-2,4,5,6(1H,3H)-tetrone monohydrate], C(4)H(3)N(3)O(4).H(2)O, have higher density and a more extensive hydrogen-bonding arrangement than the previously reported polymorph. Violuric acid and water molecules form essentially planar hydrogen-bonded sheets, which are stacked in an offset ...ABCABC... repeat pattern involving no ring-stacking interactions.
Interaction of 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol and its Violuric acid adduct with Pt(II) - crystals structures, spectroscopic properties and cytotoxic activity
Arzneimittelforschung 2012 Dec;62(12):599-602.PMID:23093480DOI:10.1055/s-0032-1327677.
The coordination properties of Pt(II) with 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol [CAS 2349-67-9] (L 1 ) and its novel violurate adduct (L 2 ), both in solution and in solid state, are studied by means of conventional IR-spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray diffraction and thermal methods. The complex compounds of L 1 and L 2 , with general formulas [Pt(C2H2N3S2)2] and [Pt(C6H4N6S2O3)(Cl)]Cl respectively, are obtained. Quantum chemical calculations of the ligands are performed with a view to obtain electronic structure and optical properties of the ligands L 1 and L 2 , respectively. The cell viability of the ligands and metal complexes on a panel of human tumor cell lines is evaluated.
Hydrogen-bonding and carbonyl-carbonyl interactions in Violuric acid methanol solvate
Acta Crystallogr C 2005 Dec;61(Pt 12):o718-21.PMID:16330857DOI:10.1107/S010827010503605X.
Violuric acid [systematic name: pyrimidine-2,4,5,6(1H,3H)-tetrone 5-oxime] crystallized from a methanol solution stored at approximately 278 K as a monosolvate, C4H3N3O4.CH3OH, in the form of very small and fragile needles. Synchrotron radiation was needed to collect an adequate data set. Analysis of the crystal structure reveals that the isonitroso group of Violuric acid is disordered over two positions with refined occupancies of approximately 3:1 for the major and minor disorder components. This fact has some important consequences for the hydrogen-bonding motifs found in the crystal packing, which are different for each component, although the overall packing pattern does not change. The crystal packing consists of closely stacked hydrogen-bonded sheets. Between the sheets are found carbonyl-carbonyl dipolar interactions, which are the principal intermolecular forces holding the sheets together.
The influence of operating parameters on the biodelignification of Eucalyptus globulus kraft pulps in a laccase--violuric acid system
Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2008 Apr;149(1):23-32.PMID:18350384DOI:10.1007/s12010-008-8138-y.
The potential of a laccase mediator system on the delignification of Eucalyptus globulus kraft pulp was investigated under diverse operating conditions. A series of enzymatic treatments were performed to determine how biodelignification is influenced by pulp consistency, oxygen pressure, reaction time, dose of laccase, and dose of mediator. The mediator used was Violuric acid. The results revealed that the extent of biodelignification remains practically constant between 1% and 2.5% of pulp consistency then decreases. However, its effect is less pronounced than the mediator or laccase charge. In fact, an increase in the mediator charge from 1% to 4% leads to an increase in the extent of delignification (fixed laccase charge = 20 IU/g and reaction time 120 min) from 28.4% to 52.2%. On the other hand, at a mediator charge of 4%, the increase of laccase charge from 10 to 40 IU/g has a similar impact on delignification. As for oxygen pressure, the extent of delignification increases with oxygen pressure, from 38.9% to 48.6%, when air and pure oxygen at 4 bar gauge are used. From the standpoint of reaction time, delignification is characterized by a very fast phase followed by a much slower one, leading to a plateau.