Taurocholic Acid (sodium salt)
(Synonyms: 牛磺胆酸钠,Sodium taurocholate; N-Choloyltaurine sodium) 目录号 : GC44993
Taurocholic Acid (sodium salt)是一种牛磺酸结合形式的主要胆汁酸，具有显著的生物活性作用。
Cas No.:145-42-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
Taurocholic Acid (sodium salt) is a major bile acid in the form of conjugation with taurine and has significant biological activity [1]. Taurocholic Acid has immunomodulatory effects and can also be used to regulate bile acid metabolism [2-3].
In vitro, different concentrations of Taurocholic Acid (0.015μg/mL, 0.15μg/mL, 1.5μg/mL, and 15μg/mL; 48h) could dose-dependently inhibit the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in LPS-activated splenic lymphocytes [1]. After treatment of human PBMC cells with Taurocholic Acid (100μM) and IFN-α (1000U/ml) for 24 hours, the levels of cytokines and cytotoxic granules produced by CD3+CD8+ T cells and NK cells were lower than those stimulated by IFN-α alone, indicating that Taurocholic Acid has an immunomodulatory effect in vitro that inhibits IFN-α [4].
In vivo, Taurocholic Acid (100mg/kg; oral gavage; 2 weeks) could promote HBV replication by significantly reducing the percentages of NK and CD3+CD8+ T cells in C57BL/6 mice (tail vein injection of rAAV8-1.3HBV) [4]. After treatment of zebrafish embryos with inflammation models for 24 hours with Taurocholic Acid (10µg/mL), it significantly inhibited the upregulation of IL-6, TNF-α, and CCL-2 stimulated by LPS [5].
References:
[1] Wang C, Li L, Guan H, et al. Effects of taurocholic acid on immunoregulation in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2013;15(2):217-222.
[2] Xu J, Xie S, Chi S, et al. Protective effects of taurocholic acid on excessive hepatic lipid accumulation via regulation of bile acid metabolism in grouper[J]. Food & Function, 2022, 13(5): 3050-3062.
[3] Liu Z, Zhang Z, Huang M, et al. Taurocholic acid is an active promoting factor, not just a biomarker of progression of liver cirrhosis: evidence from a human metabolomic study and in vitro experiments[J]. BMC gastroenterology, 2018, 18(1): 112.
[4] Xun Z, Lin J, Yu Q, Liu C, Huang J, Shang H, Guo J, Ye Y, Wu W, Zeng Y, Wu S, Xu S, Chen T, Chen J, Ou Q. Taurocholic acid inhibits the response to interferon-α therapy in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B by impairing CD8+ T and NK cell function. Cell Mol Immunol. 2021 Feb;18(2):461-471.
[5] Ge X, Huang S, Ren C, et al. Taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid inhibit inflammation and activate farnesoid X receptor expression in LPS-stimulated zebrafish and macrophages[J]. Molecules, 2023, 28(5): 2005.
Taurocholic Acid (sodium salt)是一种牛磺酸结合形式的主要胆汁酸，具有显著的生物活性作用 [1]。Taurocholic Acid具有免疫调节作用，也可用于调节胆汁酸代谢 [2-3]。
在体外，不同浓度的Taurocholic Acid（0.015μg/mL、0.15μg/mL、1.5μg/mL和15μg/mL; 48h）能够剂量依赖性地抑制LPS激活的脾淋巴细胞的IL-1β和TNF-α水平 [1]。Taurocholic Acid（100μM）与IFN-α（1000U/ml）处理人PBMC细胞24小时后，CD 3+CD 8+T 细胞和 NK 细胞产生的细胞因子和细胞毒性颗粒水平低于单独使用IFN-α刺激的效果，表明Taurocholic Acid具有在体外抑制IFN-α的免疫调节作用 [4]。
在体内， Taurocholic Acid (100mg/kg; oral gavage; 2 weeks) 可通过显著降低C57BL/6小鼠 (尾静脉注射rAAV8-1.3HBV) 中NK和CD3+CD8+ T细胞的百分比来促进HBV复制 [4]。Taurocholic Acid（10µg/mL）治疗炎症模型的斑马鱼胚胎24小时，显著抑制了LPS刺激的IL-6、TNF-α和CCL-2上调 [5]。
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | Human PBMCs |
Preparation Method | Freshly isolated human PBMCs were cultured in 96-well plates at 37°C in a 5% CO2 incubator. Cells were incubated in medium alone or with IFN-α (1000U/ml) or IFN-α (1000U/ml) plus Taurocholic Acid (100μM) for 24h. Subsequently, cells were stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin for 5h, and then detection of the intracellular staining of IFN-γ, TNF-α, granzyme B, and perforin was performed by gating for NK and CD8+ T cells by flow cytometry. |
Reaction Conditions | 100μM; 24h |
Applications | CD3+CD8+ T and NK cells that were stimulated with Taurocholic Acid plus IFN-α produced lower cytokine and cytotoxic granule levels than those that were stimulated with IFN-α alone. |
| Animal experiment [1]: | |
Animal models | C57BL/6 mice |
Preparation Method | rAAV8 carrying the 1.3-mer wild-type HBV genome (rAAV8-1.3HBV) was purchased from the FivePlus Molecular Medicine Institute and was used to establish an immunocompetent mouse model for chronic HBV infection. A total of 5 × 1010 viral genomes/200μl virus were injected into the tail vein of each C57BL/6 mouse. The mice were bled every other week to monitor the HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV DNA levels. After 6 weeks, mice were fed by oral gavage for 2 weeks with either 100mg/kg Taurocholic Acid daily or a control diet. Following this, the mice were sacrificed. |
Dosage form | 100mg/kg for 2 weeks after tail vein injection with rAAV8-1.3HBV for 6 weeks; oral gavage |
Applications | Taurocholic Acid reduced the percentage of NK and CD3+CD8+ T cells and increased serum HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV DNA levels. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 145-42-6 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 牛磺胆酸钠,Sodium taurocholate; N-Choloyltaurine sodium | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O[C@@H]1C[C@]2([H])C[C@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@]3([H])[C@]1([H])[C@@](CC[C@]4([H])[C@@H](CCC(NCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=O)C)([H])[C@]4(C)[C@@H](O)C3.[Na+] | ||
| 分子式 | C26H45NO7S•Na | 分子量 | 537.7 |
| 溶解度 | DMF: 25 mg/ml,DMSO: 20 mg/ml,Ethanol: 2 mg/ml,PBS (pH 7.2): 3 mg/ml | 储存条件 | Store at 2-8°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.8598 mL | 9.2989 mL | 18.5977 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.372 mL | 1.8598 mL | 3.7195 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.186 mL | 0.9299 mL | 1.8598 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >97.00%
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