Surfactin C1
(Synonyms: 表面活性素) 目录号 : GC39448
A lipopeptide biosurfactant
Cas No.:24730-31-2
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Surfactin is a cyclic lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by various strains of Bacillus.1 It is composed of a variable heptapeptide and a β-hydroxy fatty acid that ranges in length from 12- to 15 carbons, which generates several isoforms.2 Surfactins interact with and destabilize biological membranes, resulting in a variety of diverse biological activities, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities.1 This surfactin isoform contains the heptapeptide L-Glu-L-Leu-D-Leu-L-Val-L-Asp-D-Leu-L-Leu and is linked to a 15-carbon β-hydroxy fatty acid with the iso branching configuration.
1.Wu, Y.-S., Ngai, S.-C., Goh, B.-H., et al.Anticancer activities of surfactin and potential application of nanotechnology assisted surfactin deliveryFront. Pharmacol.8761(2017) 2.Kowall, M., Kluge, J.V., Stein, T., et al.Separation and characterization of surfactin isoforms produced by Bacillus subtilis OKB 105J. Colloid Interface Sci.204(1)1-8(1998)
| Cas No. | 24730-31-2 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 表面活性素 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC(C[C@H](N1)C(N[C@](C(N[C@H](C(OC(CC(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(N[C@](CC(C)C)([H])C(N[C@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](C(C)C)C1=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)CCCCCCCCCC(C)C)=O)CC(C)C)=O)([H])CC(C)C)=O)=O | ||
| 分子式 | C53H93N7O13 | 分子量 | 1036.34 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: 50 mg/mL (48.25 mM); Water: 31.25 mg/mL (30.15 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
 |
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 0.9649 mL | 4.8247 mL | 9.6493 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.193 mL | 0.9649 mL | 1.9299 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.0965 mL | 0.4825 mL | 0.9649 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Available strategies for improving the biosynthesis of Surfactin: a review
Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022 Aug 24;1-18.PMID:36001039DOI:10.1080/07388551.2022.2095252.
Surfactin is an excellent biosurfactant with a wide range of application prospects in many industrial fields. However, its low productivity and high cost have largely limited its commercial applications. In this review, the pathways for Surfactin synthesis in Bacillus strains are summarized and discussed. Further, the latest strategies for improving Surfactin production, including: medium optimization, genome engineering methods (rational genetic engineering, genome reduction, and genome shuffling), heterologous synthesis, and the use of synthetic biology combined with metabolic engineering approaches to construct high-quality artificial cells for Surfactin production using xylose, are described. Finally, the prospects for improving Surfactin synthesis are discussed in detail.
A mini-review: mechanism of antimicrobial action and application of Surfactin
World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022 Jun 20;38(8):143.PMID:35718798DOI:10.1007/s11274-022-03323-3.
Surfactin, an antibacterial lipopeptide produced by different strains of Bacillus subtilis, is a powerful biosurfactant. It also has multiple biological activities including antiviral, anti-mycoplasma and antiprotozoal activities, in addition to the broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Surfactin may be one of the promising alternatives to antibiotics. Surfactin's chemical structure and physicochemical properties are briefly discussed in this mini-review. Surfactin's antibacterial mechanism is mainly outlined as follows: (1) attacking pathogenic bacteria's cell membrane, causing cell membrane disintegration or osmotic pressure imbalance; (2) inhibiting pathogenic bacteria's protein synthesis, preventing cell reproduction; (3) inhibiting pathogenic bacteria's enzyme activity, affecting normal cell metabolism. This provides basis for the further research and application of Surfactin. Finally, the application of Surfactin in food and its prospect are summarized in brief.
Molecular genetics of Surfactin and its effects on different sub-populations of Bacillus subtilis
Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 2021 Oct 26;32:e00686.PMID:34786355DOI:10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00686.
Surfactin is a biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis. The srfA operon, Sfp gene, and two quorum sensing systems are required for its production. The master regulator spo0A also plays an indispensable role in proper Surfactin synthesis. Upon production, Surfactin itself acts as a signaling molecule and triggers the activation of Spo0A gene which in turn regulates cell differentiation. Interestingly, Surfactin producing cells are immune to the action of Surfactin but trigger other cells to differentiate into non-motile cells, matrix producing cells, cannibals, and spores. In case of competent cell differentiation, comS, which resides within the srfA operon, is co-expressed along with Surfactin and plays a vital role in competent cell differentiation in response to quorum sensing signal. Surfactin inhibits the motility of certain cell subpopulations, although it helps the non-motile cells to swarm. Thus, Surfactin plays significant roles in the differentiation of different subpopulations of specialized cell types of B. subtilis.
Toxicity and applications of Surfactin for health and environmental biotechnology
J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 2018;21(6-8):382-399.PMID:30614421DOI:10.1080/10937404.2018.1564712.
Characterized as one of the most potent biosurfactants, Surfactin is a cyclic lipopeptide synthesized by several strains of Bacillus genus. The aim of this review was to present the physicochemical and structural properties of Surfactin and to demonstrate advances and applications of this biosurfactant for health and environmental biotechnology. Further, this review also focused on toxicological effects of Surfactin on in vivo and in in vitro systems. The hydrophobic nature of Surfactin enables interaction with membrane-bound phospholipids and indicates the ability of the molecule to act as a new weapon with respect to therapeutic and environmental properties. Seeking to avoid environmental contamination produced by widespread use of synthetic surfactants, Surfactin emerges as a biological control agent against pathogen species owing to its antibacterial and antiviral properties. In addition, the mosquitocidal activity of Surfactin was suggested as new strategy to control disease vectors. The current findings warrant future research to assess the toxicity of Surfactin to enable an optimizing anticancer therapy and to seek refined methodologies, including nanotechnology techniques, to allow for an improved delivery of the biogenic molecule on target cells.
Surfactin effectively improves bioavailability of curcumin by formation of nano-capsulation
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022 Jul;215:112521.PMID:35490540DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112521.
To improve the bioavailability of curcumin, Surfactin was used to prepare curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions (Cur-NEs). Moreover, the physicochemical properties, digestive characteristics, as well as inhibition activity to Caco-2 cells of Cur-NEs were measured. Furthermore, the morphological analysis revealed that Cur-NEs with 320 mg/L Surfactin appeared spherical nanoparticale (23.23 ± 2.86 nm) and uniform distribution. The encapsulation efficiency of Cur-NEs with 320 mg/L Surfactin was 97.25 ± 1.28%. Simulated gastrointestinal digestion results indicated that Surfactin elevated the sustained-release characteristics and higher bioaccessibility (40.92 ± 2.84%) of curcumin. Besides, Cur-NEs with 320 mg/L Surfactin exhibited excellent stability in different temperature, pH and light irradiation. In addition, the inhibition of Cur-NEs with 320 mg/L Surfactin to Caco-2 cells was 71.29%. Biochemical analysis showed that Cur-NEs enhanced the activity of lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, as well as the reactive oxygen species content. RT-PCR and ELISA results also revealed that Cur-NEs inhibited Caco-2 cells through the activated mitochondria-mediated pathway. This study provided a strategy to encapsulate curcumin in nanoparticles with Surfactin for improving bioavailability.