Proanthocyanidins
(Synonyms: 2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-2-((2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5,7-二氢色满-3-基)氧基)苯并二氢吡喃-3,4,5,7-四醇) 目录号 : GC32676
A polyphenol with antioxidant activity
Cas No.:20347-71-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >95.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Procyanidin is a polyphenol that exhibits antioxidant activity in a macrocyclic nickel complex-catalyzed Briggs-Rauscher oscillation system.1
1.Li, M., Hu, G., and Chen, Y.Evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of natural polyphenolic compounds using a macrocyclic Ni-(II) complex-catalysed Briggs-Rauscher reactionFood Chem.197(Pt A)987-991(2015)
| Cas No. | 20347-71-1 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-2-((2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5,7-二氢色满-3-基)氧基)苯并二氢吡喃-3,4,5,7-四醇 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC1C(OC2C(C3=CC=C(O)C(O)=C3)OC4=CC(O)=CC(O)=C4C2)(C5=CC=C(O)C(O)=C5)OC6=CC(O)=CC(O)=C6C1O | ||
| 分子式 | C30H26O13 | 分子量 | 594.52 |
| 溶解度 | Water: 5 mg/mL (8.41 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 11 with Na2CO3) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.682 mL | 8.4101 mL | 16.8203 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3364 mL | 1.682 mL | 3.3641 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1682 mL | 0.841 mL | 1.682 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Proanthocyanidins-Will they effectively restrain conspicuous bacterial strains devolving on urinary tract infection?
J Basic Microbiol 2018 Jul;58(7):567-578.PMID:29775211DOI:10.1002/jobm.201800131.
Struvite or infection stones are one of the major clinical burdens among urinary tract infection, which occur due to the interaction between microbes and urine mineral components. Numerous urinary tract infection (UTI) causing microbes regulate through biofilm formation for survival from host defense, it is often found difficult in its eradication with simple anti-microbial agents and also the chance of recurrence and resistance development is significantly high. Cranberry consumption and maintenance of urinary tract health have been supported by clinical, epidemiological, and mechanistic studies. It predominantly contains Proanthocyanidins that belong to the class of polyphenols with repeating catechin and epicatechin monomeric units. Numerous studies have correlated proanthocyanidin consumption and prevention of bacterial adhesion to uroepithelial cells. Quorum sensing (QS) is the prime mechanism that drives bacteria to coordinate biofilm development and virulence expression. Reports have shown that Proanthocyanidins are effective in disrupting cell-cell communication by quenching signal molecules. Overall, this review assesses the merits of Proanthocyanidins and its effective oppression on adherence, motility, QS, and biofilm formation of major UTI strains such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis by comparing and evaluating results from many significant findings.
Proanthocyanidins in health care: current and new trends
Curr Med Chem 2004 May;11(10):1345-59.PMID:15134524DOI:10.2174/0929867043365288.
Polyphenolic compounds are widely distributed in higher plants and are an integral part of the human diet. Recent interest in these substances has been stimulated by their potential health benefits, which are believed to arise mainly from their antioxidant activity. In the past years, the antioxidant activity of flavonoids has been studied in detail. An important but often overlooked group of polyphenols is that of the Proanthocyanidins. Therefore, the present review is focused mainly on the antioxidant activity of Proanthocyanidins and its relevancy in vivo. The three most important mechanisms of their antioxidant action will be discussed, i.e. free radical scavenging activity, chelation of transition metals, and inhibition of enzymes. In addition, the protective role of Proanthocyanidins against lipid peroxidation and peroxynitrite, as well as their antimicrobial properties will be discussed. To study the in vivo relevancy of the proanthocyanidin activities, the knowledge of their pharmacokinetic parameters is crucial. Although bioavailability and metabolism data on polyphenols in general and Proanthocyanidins in particular are still largely unavailable, the first reports indicate that at least monomers and smaller oligomeric procyanidins are absorbed. There is also considerable scientific and public interest in the important role that antioxidants may play in health care, e.g. by acting as cancer chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory agents and by reducing risk of cardiovascular mortality. Each of these aspects will be discussed, with special attention to the role of Proanthocyanidins on apoptosis, gene expression and transcription factors, such as NF-kappa B.
Proanthocyanidins--a final frontier in flavonoid research?
New Phytol 2005 Jan;165(1):9-28.PMID:15720617DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01217.x.
Proanthocyanidins are oligomeric and polymeric end products of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. They are present in the fruits, bark, leaves and seeds of many plants, where they provide protection against predation. At the same time they give flavor and astringency to beverages such as wine, fruit juices and teas, and are increasingly recognized as having beneficial effects on human health. The presence of Proanthocyanidins is also a major quality factor for forage crops. The past 2 years have seen important breakthroughs in our understanding of the biosynthesis of the building blocks of Proanthocyanidins, the flavan-3-ols (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin. However, virtually nothing is known about the ways in which these units are assembled into the corresponding oligomers in vivo. Molecular genetic approaches are leading to an understanding of the regulatory genes that control proanthocyanidin biosynthesis, and this information, together with increased knowledge of the enzymes specific for the pathway, will facilitate the genetic engineering of plants for introduction of value-added nutraceutical and forage quality traits.
Chemical synthesis of Proanthocyanidins in vitro and their reactions in aging wines
Molecules 2008 Dec 4;13(12):3007-32.PMID:19052525DOI:10.3390/molecules13123007.
Proanthocyanidins are present in many fruits and plant products like grapes and wine, and contribute to their taste and health benefits. In the past decades of years, substantial progresses has been achieved in the identification of composition and structure of Proanthocyanidins, but the debate concerning the existence of an enzymatic or nonenzymatic mechanism for proanthocyanidin condensation still goes on. Substantial attention has been paid to elucidating the potential mechanism of formation by means of biomimetic and chemical synthesis in vitro. The present paper aims at summarizing the research status on chemical synthesis of Proanthocyanidins, including non-enzymatic synthesis of proanthocyanidin precursors, chemical synthesis of Proanthocyanidins with direct condensation of flavanols and stereoselective synthesis of Proanthocyanidins. Proanthocyanidin-involved reactions in aging wines are also reviewed such as direct and indirect reactions among Proanthocyanidins, flavanols and anthocyanins. Topics for future research in this field are also put forward in this paper.
MALDI-TOF MS analysis of plant Proanthocyanidins
J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010 Jan 20;51(2):358-72.PMID:19410413DOI:10.1016/j.jpba.2009.03.035.
Proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins are among the most abundant polyphenols compounds in our diet and may play a key role in the prevention of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. These antioxidants are widely distributed in the plant kingdom both in food plants and in non-food plants. The biological activity of plant Proanthocyanidins depends on their chemical structure and concentration. However, due to their structural diversity and complexity, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of Proanthocyanidins is a difficult task. Mass spectrometry has enabled great advances in the characterization of plant Proanthocyanidins. Among these techniques, MALDI-TOF MS has proved to be highly suited for the analysis of highly polydisperse and heterogeneous Proanthocyanidins. The objective of the present paper was to assess the potential, limitations and future challenges of the analysis of plant Proanthocyanidins by MALDI-TOF MS techniques. Firstly, the fundamental of this technique, including modes of operation, advantages and limitations, as well as quantitative and qualitative operations, have been summarized. Applications of MALDI-TOF analysis to plant Proanthocyanidins reported in the last decade (1997-2008) have been extensively covered, including the sample preparation protocols and conditions used for proanthocyanidin analysis, as well as the main findings regarding the determination of the structural features of different plant proanthocyanidin types (procyanidins, propelargonidins, prodelphinidins, profisetinidins and prorobinetinidins). Finally, attempts in the assessment of the molecular weight distribution of Proanthocyanidins by MALDI-TOF are described.