5'-GTP trisodium salt
(Synonyms: 鸟苷-5'-三磷酸三钠盐) 目录号 : GC35157
5'-GTP trisodium salt是G蛋白信号传导的激活剂，也是DNA和RNA生物合成的高能核苷酸单体。
Cas No.:36051-31-7
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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5'-GTP trisodium salt is an activator of G protein signaling and a high-energy nucleotide unit for DNA and RNA biosynthesis[1]. 5'-GTP trisodium salt is involved in many important physiological processes, such as cell differentiation and metabolic regulation[2]. 5'-GTP trisodium salt is commonly used in studies related to biosynthesis and neurite outgrowth[3][4].
In vitro, 5'-GTP trisodium salt (100μM; 24-96h) induces S-phase arrest, monocytic/macrophagic differentiation (CD11b/CD14 upregulation, NBT positivity), and subsequent apoptosis in human leukemia U937 and KG1 cells[5]. Treatment of human muscle precursor cells with 5'-GTP trisodium salt (500μM; 24h) upregulates myomiRs (miR-133a/b) and Myogenin expression, induces the release of guanosine-loaded exosomes, and promotes early myogenic differentiation[6]. 5'-GTP trisodium salt (0.5mM; 48h) arrests proliferation, induces dendrite-like process extension and strongly increases melanin synthesis in B16 melanoma cells[7].
References:
[1] Wolczyk M, Szymanski J, Trus I, et al. 5' terminal nucleotide determines the immunogenicity of IVT RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. 2025;53(3):gkae1252.
[2] Guarnieri S, Pilla R, Morabito C, et al. Extracellular guanosine and GTP promote expression of differentiation markers and induce S-phase cell-cycle arrest in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2009;27(2):135-147.
[3] Kaziro Y. The role of guanosine 5'-triphosphate in polypeptide chain elongation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978;505(1):95-127.
[4] Gysbers JW, Guarnieri S, Mariggiò MA, Pietrangelo T, Fanò G, Rathbone MP. Extracellular guanosine 5' triphosphate enhances nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth via increases in intracellular calcium. Neuroscience. 2000;96(4):817-824.
[5] Yazdanparast R, Moosavi MA, Mahdavi M, Lotfi A. Guanosine 5'-triphosphate induces differentiation-dependent apoptosis in human leukemia U937 and KG1 cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2006;27(9):1175-1184.
[6] Pietrangelo T, Di Filippo ES, Locatelli M, et al. Extracellular Guanosine 5'-Triphosphate Induces Human Muscle Satellite Cells to Release Exosomes Stuffed With Guanosine. Front Pharmacol. 2018;9:152.
[7] Giotta GJ, Smith JR, Nicolson GL. Guanosine 5'-triphosphate inhibits growth and stimulates differentiated functions in B16 melanoma cells. Exp Cell Res. 1978;112(2):385-393.
5'-GTP trisodium salt是G蛋白信号传导的激活剂，也是DNA和RNA生物合成的高能核苷酸单体[1]。5'-GTP trisodium salt参与细胞分化、代谢调节等多种重要生理过程[2]。5'-GTP trisodium salt常用于生物合成及神经突起生长等研究[3][4]。
体外实验中，5'-GTP trisodium salt（100μM；24-96h）可诱导人白血病U937和KG1细胞发生S期阻滞，向单核/巨噬细胞分化（CD11b/CD14上调、NBT阳性），并随后凋亡[5]。以5'-GTP trisodium salt（500μM；24h）处理人肌源性前体细胞，可上调myomiR（miR-133a/b）和Myogenin表达，促使细胞释放富含鸟苷的外泌体，并促进早期肌源性分化[6]。5'-GTP trisodium salt（0.5mM；48h）可抑制B16黑色素瘤细胞增殖，诱导其伸出树突状突起并显著增加黑色素合成[7]。
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | human U937 and KG1 cell lines |
Preparation Method | The human U937 and KG1 cell lines were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with FBS (10%, v/v), streptomycin (100µg/mL) and penicillin (100U/mL) in CO2 humidified atmosphere at 37ºC. The number of viable cells was estimated by trypan blue exclusion test. Cell number was assessed using a hemocytometer and the percent of growth inhibition was calculated relative to untreated control cells. For cell-cycle analyses, exponentially growing U937 and KG1 cells (1×105cells/well) were treated with 100μM 5'-GTP trisodium salt for 24-96h. After harvesting, the cells were permeabilized with cold ethanol, stained with 500µL PI (50µg/mL in 0.1% Triton X-100/0.1% sodium citrate) and subjected to analyses by flow cytometry. Based on PI staining, the cells with sub-G1 pattern were considered as apoptotic cells. Parallel to nuclear PI fluorescence, the cells size and complexity were also evaluated. According to the light scattering analyses, apoptotic nuclei showed lower forward scatter values along with higher sideward scatter values. Cell debris and small particles were excluded from the analysis by forward/sideward scatter criteria. The population of G0/G1 , S, and G2/M were determined using Multicycle Cell Cycle Software. The results are expressed as the percentage of the cells in each phase. The morphology of cells were studied up to 96h of treatments using a phase-contrast microscope. |
Reaction Conditions | 100μM; 24-96h |
Applications | 5'-GTP trisodium salt induces S-phase arrest, monocytic/macrophagic differentiation in human leukemia U937 and KG1 cells. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 36051-31-7 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 鸟苷-5'-三磷酸三钠盐 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](N1C=NC2=C1NC(N)=NC2=O)O3)O)[C@H]3COP(O)(OP(OP(O[Na])(O[Na])=O)(O[Na])=O)=O | ||
| 分子式 | C10H13N5Na3O14P3 | 分子量 | 589.13 |
| 溶解度 | Water: ≥ 47 mg/mL (79.78 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.6974 mL | 8.4871 mL | 16.9742 mL |
| 5 mM | 339.5 μL | 1.6974 mL | 3.3948 mL |
| 10 mM | 169.7 μL | 848.7 μL | 1.6974 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet