Endothall
(Synonyms: 草藻灭; Endothal) 目录号 : GC47291An herbicide
Cas No.:145-73-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
;)
,-1-7$$$37316672.jpg');)
;)
;)
$$$36806353.jpg');)
;33(7)%EF%BC%9A546-561$$$37156877.jpg');)
;)
;)
;)
%201124-1138.$$$35908550.jpg');)
%20766-780.$$$37100057.jpg');)
%20418-432.$$$36893736.jpg');)
%EF%BC%9A-240-255.$$$35108512.jpg');)
533-545$$$36543525.jpg');)
%201-13.$$$36600053.jpg');)
;)
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Endothall is an herbicide that is used to control a wide range of terrestrial and aquatic plants. It is a contact herbicide that inhibits translation and induces the production of ethylene in some plants.[1],[2] Endothall has a half-life of approximately four days in experimental pools.[3]
Reference:
[1].Leonard, I.A., and Glenn, R.K.Translocation of assimilates and phosphate in detached bean leavesPlant Physiology43(9)1380-1388(1968)
[2].Abeles, A.L., and Abeles, F.B.Biochemical pathway of stress-induced ethylenePlant Physiology50(4)496-498(1972)
[3].Reinert, K.H., Rodgers, J.H., Jr., Himan, M.L., et al.Compartmentalization and persistence of endothall in experimental poolsEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety10(1)86-96(1985)
| Cas No. | 145-73-3 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 草藻灭; Endothal | ||
| 化学名 | 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC(C1C(C(O)=O)C2CCC1O2)=O | ||
| 分子式 | C8H10O5 | 分子量 | 186.2 |
| 溶解度 | DMF: 15 mg/ml,DMSO: 15 mg/ml,Ethanol: 15 mg/ml,PBS (pH 7.2): 0.2 mg/ml | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
||
| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
 |
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 5.3706 mL | 26.8528 mL | 53.7057 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.0741 mL | 5.3706 mL | 10.7411 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.5371 mL | 2.6853 mL | 5.3706 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Endothall behavior in Myriophyllum spicatum and Hydrilla verticillata
Pest Manag Sci 2019 Nov;75(11):2942-2947.PMID:30854787DOI:10.1002/ps.5404.
Background: Endothall has been used to control submersed aquatic plants since 1960, providing broad-spectrum control of aquatic weeds. Although Endothall is considered a contact herbicide, many field observations suggest that it might have systemic activity. The goals of this research were to determine Endothall's (i) absorption characteristics, (ii) translocation from shoots to roots, and (iii) potential for desorption in Eurasian watermilfoil (EWM), monoecious and dioecious hydrilla. Results: Endothall absorption was linear in dioecious hydrilla up to 192 HAT, while in EWM and monoecious hydrilla absorption data best fit an asymptotic rise function. Endothall absorption in EWM, monoecious and dioecious hydrilla was 3.3, 6.6, and 11.0 times the external herbicide concentration determined by the plant concentration factor. Translocation to EWM roots reached 7.9% of total absorbed radioactivity by 192 HAT, while translocation to monoecious and dioecious hydrilla roots reached 17.8% and 16.4% by 192 HAT, respectively. For all three species, no more than 30% of absorbed Endothall moved from the plant to clean water 96 HAT. Conclusion: Endothall is a very water soluble compound and yet it accumulated in these three important aquatic weeds at concentrations significantly higher than the external herbicide concentration. These data provide evidence that Endothall could have systemic activity in these aquatic species. Following 14 C-endothall applications, more 14 C translocated from shoots to roots compared to the translocation of 14 C for other systemic aquatic herbicides. The final confirmation of Endothall's systemic behavior requires that the radioactivity found in the root system of these aquatic plants is 14 C Endothall. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Endothall thioanhydride inhibits protein phosphatases-1 and -2A in vivo
Am J Physiol 1995 Nov;269(5 Pt 1):C1176-84.PMID:7491907DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.1995.269.5.C1176.
The objective of this study was to relate the toxicity of several cantharidin-derivative pesticides with their abilities to inhibit protein phosphatases-1 (PP1) and -2A (PP2A). Cantharidin (CA), Endothall, and Endothall thioanhydride (ETA) inhibited the activity of PP1 and PP2A, and the potency sequence was CA > Endothall > ETA in vitro. We determined the inhibitory potency of these pesticides on hepatic protein phosphatases by administration of the toxins into the portal vein of rats. The potency sequence of ETA > CA > Endothall was established for the inhibition of PP1 and PP2A in vivo and shows close correlation with the sequence of relative toxicity. ETA predominantly targets PP1 for inhibition in liver, as revealed by assays specific for PP1 or PP2A. Studies using 3T3 fibroblasts showed that only ETA, but not CA or Endothall, induced marked morphological changes. These effects included cell rounding and detachment as well as extensive reorganization of actin filaments and are characteristic for the cell-permeable phosphatase-inhibitory toxins. It is suggested that the in vivo effectiveness is related to enhanced uptake of ETA, because this is permeable across the plasmalemma.
Suicidal poisoning by Endothall
J Anal Toxicol 1983 Mar-Apr;7(2):79-82.PMID:6855208DOI:10.1093/jat/7.2.79.
A fatal case of suicidal ingestion of the herbicide Endothall (7-oxabicyclo [2,2,1]heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid) is described. Endothall was determined after initial phosphotungstic acid deproteination followed by extraction using 1,2-dichloroethane:tert-butanol (2:1) and subsequent injection into the gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. Identity was confirmed by thin-layer chromatography, infrared spectrophotometry, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
Latent Toxicity of Endothall to Anadromous Salmonids During Seawater Challenge
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2016 May;96(5):573-9.PMID:27000379DOI:10.1007/s00128-016-1781-z.
Limited evidence exists on the latent effects of toxicant exposure on the seawater adaptability of anadromous salmon and steelhead. It is unclear whether such an effect exists for the widely used and relatively non-toxic herbicide Endothall. Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (coho), Chinook salmon, O. tshawytscha (Chinook), and anadromous rainbow trout, O. mykiss (steelhead) were subjected to a 10-day seawater challenge following freshwater treatments [0-12 mg acid equivalent (a.e)./L at 96 h]. Mean survival resulted in 82 % (n = 225), 84 % (n = 133), 90 % (n = 73) and 59 % (n = 147) survival for 0, 3-5, 6-8, and 9-12 mg a.e./L, respectively. Our results indicate a lower toxicity threshold compared with previously reported acute toxicity results, but higher compared with previous seawater challenge studies. We demonstrate the utility of the seawater challenge assay to accurately define toxic effects of pesticides on salmonids with complex life-histories.
Sediment Facilitates Microbial Degradation of the Herbicides Endothall Monoamine Salt and Endothall Dipotassium Salt in an Aquatic Environment
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 Oct 15;15(10):2255.PMID:30326645DOI:10.3390/ijerph15102255.
Endothall dipotassium salt and monoamine salt are herbicide formulations used for controlling submerged aquatic macrophytes and algae in aquatic ecosystems. Microbial activity is the primary degradation pathway for Endothall. To better understand what influences Endothall degradation, we conducted a mesocosm experiment to (1) evaluate the effects of different water and sediment sources on degradation, and (2) determine if degradation was faster in the presence of a microbial community previously exposed to Endothall. Endothall residues were determined with LC-MS at intervals to 21 days after Endothall application. Two Endothall isomers were detected. Isomer-1 was abundant in both Endothall formulations, while isomer-2 was only abundant in the monoamine Endothall formulation and was more persistent. Degradation did not occur in the absence of sediment. In the presence of sediment, degradation of isomer-1 began after a lag phase of 5⁻11 days and was almost complete by 14 days. Onset of degradation occurred 2⁻4 days sooner when the microbial population was previously exposed to Endothall. We provide direct evidence that the presence and characteristics of sediment are of key importance in the degradation of Endothall in an aquatic environment, and that monoamine Endothall has two separate isomers that have different degradation characteristics.