Revefenacin (TD-4208)
(Synonyms: 雷芬那辛,TD-4208; GSK1160724) 目录号 : GC31761Revefenacin (TD-4208, GSK-1160724) is a potent, lung-selective, long-acting muscarinic antagonist that may be for the treatment of respiratory disease.
Cas No.:864750-70-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Animal experiment: |
Rats: To determine the bronchoprotective and antisialagogue potency after a single dose, rats are exposed by inhalation to a nebulized solution of revefenacin (3–3000 µg/mL), tiotropium (0.3–300 µg/mL), glycopyrronium (1–1000 µg/mL), or vehicle (sterile water). Bronchoprotective activity is assessed 24 hours postdose. For the antisialagogue effect, inhibition of Pilo is assessed 1, 6, or 12 hours after inhalation of an efficacious dose of test compound to determine the time point at which peak effect occurred. All subsequent doses are measured at this time point[2]. |
References: [1]. Steinfeld T, et al. In vitro characterization of TD-4208, a lung-selective and long-acting muscarinic antagonist bronchodilator (Abstract). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 179:A4553. |
Revefenacin (TD-4208, GSK-1160724) is a potent, lung-selective, long-acting muscarinic antagonist that may be for the treatment of respiratory disease.
Revefenacin is a high affinity competitive antagonist at human recombinant mAChRs with kinetic functional selectivity for M3 over M2 mAChRs and a potent, slowly reversible antagonist in rat, guinea pig, and human airway tissues expressing native mAChRs[1].
[1] Hegde SS, et al. Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2018, 6(3):e00400.
Cas No. | 864750-70-9 | SDF | |
别名 | 雷芬那辛,TD-4208; GSK1160724 | ||
Canonical SMILES | O=C(OC1CCN(CCN(C(C2=CC=C(CN3CCC(C(N)=O)CC3)C=C2)=O)C)CC1)NC4=CC=CC=C4C5=CC=CC=C5 | ||
分子式 | C35H43N5O4 | 分子量 | 597.75 |
溶解度 | DMSO : ≥ 125 mg/mL (209.12 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 1.6729 mL | 8.3647 mL | 16.7294 mL |
5 mM | 0.3346 mL | 1.6729 mL | 3.3459 mL |
10 mM | 0.1673 mL | 0.8365 mL | 1.6729 mL |
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Drugs for COPD
Pharmacological properties of revefenacin (TD-4208), a novel, nebulized long-acting, and lung selective muscarinic antagonist, at human recombinant muscarinic receptors and in rat, guinea pig, and human isolated airway tissues
Revefenacin (TD-4208) is a novel, long-acting, and lung-selective muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR) antagonist in development as a nebulized inhalation solution for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This study evaluated the pharmacology of revefenacin at human recombinant mAChRs and in airway tissues from rats, guinea pigs, and humans. At human recombinant mAChRs, revefenacin displayed high affinity (pKI = 8.2-9.8) and behaved as a competitive antagonist (pKI, apparent = 9.4-10.9) at the five human recombinant mAChRs. Kinetic studies demonstrated that revefenacin dissociated significantly slower from the hM3 (t1/2 = 82 minutes) compared to the hM 2 (t1/2 = 6.9 minutes) mAChR at 37°C, thereby making it kinetically selective for the former subtype. Similarly, in functional studies, revefenacin-mediated antagonism of acetylcholine (ACh)-evoked calcium mobilization responses were reversed less rapidly at hM3 compared to the hM2 mAChR. In isolated tracheal tissues from rat and guinea pig and isolated bronchial tissues from humans, revefenacin potently antagonized mAChR-mediated contractile responses. Furthermore, the antagonistic effects of revefenacin in rat, guinea pig, and human airway tissues were slowly reversible (t1/2 of 13.3, >16, and >10 hours, respectively). These data demonstrate that revefenacin is a potent, high affinity, and selective functional mAChR antagonist with kinetic selectivity for the hM3 receptor and produces potent and long-lasting antagonism of mAChR-mediated contractile responses in rat, guinea pig, and human airway tissue. These data suggest that revefenacin has the potential to be a potent once-daily dosed inhaled bronchodilator in COPD patients.
Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and safety of revefenacin (TD-4208), a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): Results of two randomized, double-blind, phase 2 studies
Background: Revefenacin (TD-4208) is a potent, lung-selective, long-acting muscarinic antagonist currently in development as a once-daily nebulized therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We evaluated the pharmacodynamics (bronchodilator activity), pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of single- and multiple-dose administrations of revefenacin in two clinical trials (Study 0059 and Study 0091) in patients with moderate to severe COPD.
Methods: In Study 0059, 32 patients were randomized to receive a single dose of revefenacin (350 or 700 μg), active control ipratropium (500 μg) or placebo inhalation solution administered via standard jet nebulizer in a double-blind, crossover fashion. In Study 0091, 59 patients were randomized to receive once-daily inhalations of revefenacin (22, 44, 88, 175, 350 or 700 μg) or placebo for 7 days in a double-blind, incomplete block, five-way crossover design. The primary efficacy endpoint was change from baseline in peak (0-6 h) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in Study 0059, and trough FEV1 after the final dose (Day 7) in Study 0091. In both studies, secondary endpoints included area under the FEV1-time curve (FEV1 AUC) values from time 12-24 h post dose and FEV1 AUC values from time zero to 24 h post dose.
Results: Revefenacin demonstrated a rapid onset and sustained duration of bronchodilator action in both studies. In Study 0059, mean peak FEV1 was significantly higher (p < 0.001) for revefenacin and ipratropium compared to placebo, with differences of 176.8 mL for 350 μg revefenacin, 162.2 mL for 700 μg revefenacin and 190.6 mL for ipratropium. In Study 0091, mean trough FEV1 on Day 7 was significantly higher (p < 0.006) for all revefenacin doses compared to placebo, with differences ranging from 53.5 mL (22 μg dose) to 114.2 mL (175 μg dose). The results for the other spirometry endpoints were consistent with the primary endpoint for each study, demonstrating that the bronchodilator effect of revefenacin lasted more than 24 h following nebulized administration. Revefenacin was rapidly absorbed and extensively metabolized, followed by a slow apparent terminal elimination and minimal accumulation with repeated dosing. In both studies, adverse events were generally mild and occurred with similar frequencies in all groups, with no indication of significant systemic anti-muscarinic activity at any dose.
Conclusions: Following single or multiple nebulized-dose administration in patients with COPD, revefenacin demonstrates a rapid onset and sustained duration of bronchodilator effect over 24 h following once-daily administration, with a PK profile that is commensurate with low systemic exposure.
Revefenacin
No information is available on the use of revefenacin during breastfeeding. Because the drug is only 3% absorbed orally, it is unlikely to affect the breastfed infant. Long-term use of revefenacin might reduce milk production or milk letdown. During long-term use, observe for signs of decreased lactation (e.g., insatiety, poor weight gain).
Revefenacin
Revefenacin is a synthetic anticholinergic agent that is used as a once daily, nebulized inhalant for maintenance treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Revefenacin has not been implicated in causing liver enzyme elevations or clinically apparent acute liver injury.