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Phenoxybenzamine-d5 (hydrochloride) Sale

(Synonyms: 盐酸酚苄明 d5 (盐酸盐)) 目录号 : GC46202

An internal standard for the quantification of phenoxybenzamine

Phenoxybenzamine-d5 (hydrochloride) Chemical Structure

Cas No.:1329838-45-0

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产品描述

Phenoxybenzamine-d5 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of phenoxybenzamine by GC- or LC-MS. Phenoxybenzamine is an antagonist of α-adrenergic receptors (α-ARs).1,2 It inhibits norepinephrine-induced inositol phosphate formation in HEK293 cells expressing α1-ARs (EC50s = 125.9-316.2 nM), as well as radioligand binding to α2A-, α2B-, and α2C-ARs in CHO cell membranes (Kis = 60, 10, and 60 nM, respectively). Phenoxybenzamine (0.5-5 μM) decreases norepinephrine-, histamine-, and calcium-induced contractions in isolated rabbit aortic strips.3 It also inhibits proliferation of nine cancer cell lines, including lymphoma, breast, and lung cancer cells, with IC50 values ranging from 29.5 to 99.8 μM.4 Phenoxybenzamine (3-1,000 μg/kg) reduces increases in diastolic blood pressure induced by the α-AR agonists cirazoline , St-587, Sgd 101/75, and B-HT 920 in pithed rats.5 It also decreases the time to find the platform in the Morris water maze, indicating restored spatial memory, in a rat model of fluid percussion-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI).6 Formulations containing phenoxybenzamine have been used in the treatment of hypertension and hyperhidrosis associated with pheochromocytomas, an adrenal medullary neuroendocrine tumor.

|1. Minneman, K.P., Theroux, T.L., Hollinger, S., et al. Selectivity of agonists for cloned α1-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Mol. Pharmacol. 46(5), 929-936 (1994).|2. Frang, H., Cockcroft, V., Karskela, T., et al. Phenoxybenzamine binding reveals the helical orientation of the third transmembrane domain of adrenergic receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 276(33), 31279-31284 (2001).|3. McPherson, G.A., Krstew, E., and Malta, E. Effects of phenoxybenzamine on responses to some receptor agonists and calcium in vitro. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 12(5), 455-464 (1985).|4. Inchiosa, M.A., Jr. Anti-tumor activity of phenoxybenzamine and its inhibition of histone deacetylases. PLoS One 13(6):e0198514, (2018).|5. Timmermans, P.B., Thoolen, M.J., Mathy, M.J., et al. Effects of the irreversible α-adrenoceptor antagonists phenoxybenzamine and benextramine on the effectiveness of nifedipine in inhibiting α1- and α2-adrenoceptor mediated vasoconstriction in pithed rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 329(4), 404-413 (1985).|6. Rau, T.F., Kothiwal, A., Rova, A., et al. Phenoxybenzamine is neuroprotective in a rat model of severe traumatic brain injury. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 15(1), 1402-1417 (2014).

Chemical Properties

Cas No. 1329838-45-0 SDF
别名 盐酸酚苄明 d5 (盐酸盐)
Canonical SMILES [2H]C1=C(OCC(C)N(CC2=CC=CC=C2)CCCl)C([2H])=C([2H])C([2H])=C1[2H].Cl
分子式 C18H17ClD5NO • HCl 分子量 345.3
溶解度 DMF: 30 mg/ml,DMF:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:1): 0.3 mg/ml,DMSO: 25 mg/ml,Ethanol: 25 mg/ml 储存条件 Store at -20°C
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1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.896 mL 14.4802 mL 28.9603 mL
5 mM 0.5792 mL 2.896 mL 5.7921 mL
10 mM 0.2896 mL 1.448 mL 2.896 mL
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Research Update

Nalfurafine hydrochloride, a κ-Opioid Receptor Agonist, Induces Melanophagy via PKA Inhibition in B16F1 Cells

Cells 2022 Dec 29;12(1):146.PMID:36611940DOI:10.3390/cells12010146.

Selective autophagy controls cellular homeostasis by degrading unnecessary or damaged cellular components. Melanosomes are specialized organelles that regulate the biogenesis, storage, and transport of melanin in melanocytes. However, the mechanisms underlying melanosomal autophagy, known as the melanophagy pathway, are poorly understood. To better understand the mechanism of melanophagy, we screened an endocrine-hormone chemical library and identified nalfurafine hydrochlorides, a κ-opioid receptor agonist, as a potent inducer of melanophagy. Treatment with nalfurafine hydrochloride increased autophagy and reduced melanin content in alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-treated cells. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy blocked melanosomal degradation and reversed the nalfurafine hydrochloride-induced decrease in melanin content in α-MSH-treated cells. Consistently, treatment with other κ-opioid receptor agonists, such as MCOPPB or mianserin, inhibited excessive melanin production but induced autophagy in B16F1 cells. Furthermore, nalfurafine hydrochloride inhibited protein kinase A (PKA) activation, which was notably restored by forskolin, a PKA activator. Additionally, forskolin treatment further suppressed melanosomal degradation as well as the anti-pigmentation activity of nalfurafine hydrochloride in α-MSH-treated cells. Collectively, our data suggest that stimulation of κ-opioid receptors induces melanophagy by inhibiting PKA activation in α-MSH-treated B16F1 cells.

Antiparasitic activities of new lawsone Mannich bases

Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019 Nov;352(11):e1900128.PMID:31536649DOI:10.1002/ardp.201900128.

A series of new lawsone Mannich bases derived from salicylaldehydes or nitrofurfural were prepared and tested for their activities against Leishmania major, Toxoplasma gondii, and Trypanosoma brucei brucei parasites. The hydrochloride salts 5a and 6a of the Mannich bases 2a and 3a, derived from unsubstituted salicylaldehyde and long-chained alkyl amines, were selectively and strongly active against T. gondii cells and appear to be new promising drug candidates against this parasite. Compound 6a showed an even higher activity against T. gondii than the known lawsone Mannich base 1b. Compound 4a, derived from salicylaldehyde and 2-methylaminopyridine, was also distinctly active against T. gondii cells. The derivatives 3a (salicyl derivative), 3b (3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl derivative), and 3d (5-nitrofuranyl derivative) as well as the hydrochlorides 6a and 6b were also efficacious against T. b. brucei cells with compounds 3a and 3b being more selective for T. b. brucei over Vero cells when compared with the known control compound 1b. The derivatives 5a, 5c, 6a, and 6c proved to be up to five times more active than 1b against L. major promastigotes and up to four times more efficacious against L. major amastigotes.

Iodine-Catalyzed Diazenylation with Arylhydrazine Hydrochlorides in Air

J Org Chem 2018 Apr 6;83(7):3537-3546.PMID:29486127DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.7b03149.

A mild approach to diazenylation of active methylene compounds and N-heterocyclic compounds with arylhydrazine hydrochlorides in the presence of iodine under basic aerobic conditions was developed. The reaction could be executed either under heating or in the presence of blue LED light, though the latter condition was found to be relatively efficient. Presumably, the aryldiazene produced by oxidation of arylhydrazine hydrochloride acts as a nitrogen scavenger of the radical intermediate generated from the active methylene compound in the presence of iodine to produce the diazo compounds. The scope and limitations of the protocol are presented.

Green Formation of Novel Pyridinyltriazole-Salicylidene Schiff Bases

Curr Org Synth 2019;16(2):309-313.PMID:31975681DOI:10.2174/1570179416666181207145951.

Aim and objective: In this work, water was used as solvent for the eco-friendly synthesis of imines under microwave irradiation. In the first step of the study, 5-pyridinyl-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole hydrochlorides were synthesized in the reaction of amino guanidine hydrochloride with different pyridine carboxylic acids under acid catalysis. A green method for 5-pyridinyl-3-amino-1,2,4-triazoles was developed with the assistance of microwave synthesis. In the second step, the eco-friendly synthesis of imines was achieved by reacting 5- pyridinyl-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine hydrochlorides with salicylic aldehyde derivatives to produce 2-(5- pyridinyl-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylimino)methyl)phenol imines. Materials and methods: Microwave experiments were done using a monomode Anton Paar Monowave 300 microwave reactor (2.45 GHz). Reaction temperatures were monitored by an IR sensor. Microwave experiments were carried out in sealed microwave process vials G10 with maximum reaction volume of 10 mL. Results: When alternative methods were used, it was impossible to obtain good yields from ethanol. Nevertheless, the use of water was successful for this reaction. After 1-h microwave irritation, a yellow solid was obtained in 82% yield. Conclusion: In this work an eco-friendly protocol for the synthesis of Schiff bases from 5-(pyridin-2-, 3- or 4- yl)-3-amino-1,2,4-triazoles and substituted salicylic aldehydes in water under microwave irradiation was developed. Under the found conditions the high yields for the products were achieved at short reaction time and with an easy isolation procedure.

Liquid Co-crystals of Dual-Active Phenothiazine-NSAID Drugs: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, and Thermal Characterization

ACS Omega 2022 May 9;7(20):16990-17001.PMID:35647432DOI:10.1021/acsomega.1c07382.

Four aliphatic phenothiazine cations (promazinium, promethazinium, chlorpromazinium, and triflupromazinium) were each paired with docusate anions and three different NSAID anions (ibuprofen, salicylate, and naproxen) to form fifteen glassy materials and one solid. The compounds were prepared via the metathesis reaction between the corresponding phenothiazine hydrochloride salts and sodium docusate or sodium NSAID salts and were obtained as liquid co-crystals with various degrees of ionization. The self-diffusion coefficients of several derivatives in 0.06 M DMSO-d 6 solutions were determined using DOSY NMR spectroscopy. The influence of the size, shape of the compounds, and intermolecular forces has been investigated by using the four promazine and the four ibuprofen co-crystals. The ion pairs (or aggregates) were found to be maintained in six out of the seven compounds examined. All fifteen glassy compounds showed reversible glass transitions in the -25 to 10 °C range with the docusate derivatives exhibiting the highest thermal stability (T onset values being at least 40 °C higher than those of the corresponding phenothiazine hydrochlorides).