Mulberrin (Kuwanon C)
(Synonyms: 桑黄酮; Kuwanon C) 目录号 : GC32597
A flavone with diverse biological activities
Cas No.:62949-79-5
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Kuwanon C is a prenylated flavone originally isolated from M. alba that has diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antiproliferative, and neuroprotective properties.1 It scavenges DPPH radicals in a cell-free assay (EC50 = 72.99 ?g/ml).2 It is active against E. coli, S. typhimurium, S. epidermis, and S. aureus (MICs = 10, 25, 6.25, and 6.25 ?g/ml, respectively) and inhibits the growth of P388 mouse lymphoma cancer cells (IC50 = 14 ?g/ml).3,4 Kuwanon C (30 mg/kg) improves motor coordination in a rotarod test and decreases neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta in a mouse model of MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease.5
1.Nomura, T., Fukai, T., and Katayanagi, M.Kuwanon A, B, C and oxydihydromorusin, four new flavones from the root bark of the cultivated mulberry tree (Morus alba L.)Chem. Pharm. Bull.25(3)529-532(1977) 2.Mazimba, O., Majinda, R.R.T., and Motlhanka, D.Antioxidant and antibacterial constituents from Morus nigraAfr. J. Pharma. Pharmaco.5(6)751-754(2011) 3.Sohn, H.-Y., Son, K.H., Kwon, C.-S., et al.Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of 18 prenylated flavonoids isolated from medicinal plants: Morus alba L., Morus mongolica Schneider, Broussnetia papyrifera (L.) Vent, Sophora flavescens Ait and Echinosophora koreensis NakaiPhytomedicine11(7-8)666-672(2004) 4.Ferlinahayati, Syah, Y.M., Juliawaty, L.D., et al.Phenolic constituents from the wood of Morus australis with cytotoxic activityZ. Naturforsch. C. J. Biosci.63(1-2)35-39(2008) 5.Cao, W., Dong, Y., Zhao, W., et al.Mulberrin attenuates 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease by promoting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathwayJ. Chem. Neuroanat.9863-70(2019)
| Cas No. | 62949-79-5 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 桑黄酮; Kuwanon C | ||
| Canonical SMILES | C/C(C)=C\CC1=C2C(C(C(C/C=C(C)\C)=C(C3=C(C=C(O)C=C3)O)O2)=O)=C(O)C=C1O | ||
| 分子式 | C25H26O6 | 分子量 | 422.47 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: 100 mg/mL (236.70 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C,protect from light |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.367 mL | 11.8352 mL | 23.6703 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4734 mL | 2.367 mL | 4.7341 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2367 mL | 1.1835 mL | 2.367 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Mulberrin confers protection against hepatic fibrosis by Trim31/Nrf2 signaling
Redox Biol 2022 May;51:102274.PMID:35240537DOI:10.1016/j.redox.2022.102274.
Mulberrin (Mul) is a key component of the traditional Chinese medicine Romulus Mori with various biological functions. However, the effects of Mul on liver fibrosis have not been addressed, and thus were investigated in our present study, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Here, we found that Mul administration significantly ameliorated carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury and dysfunction in mice. Furthermore, CCl4-triggerd collagen deposition and liver fibrosis were remarkably attenuated in mice with Mul supplementation through suppressing transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway. Additionally, Mul treatments strongly restrained the hepatic inflammation in CCl4-challenged mice via blocking nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. Importantly, we found that Mul markedly increased liver TRIM31 expression in CCl4-treated mice, accompanied with the inactivation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. CCl4-triggered hepatic oxidative stress was also efficiently mitigated by Mul consumption via improving nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation. Our in vitro studies confirmed that Mul reduced the activation of human and mouse primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) stimulated by TGF-β1. Consistently, Mul remarkably retarded the inflammatory response and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation both in human and murine hepatocytes. More importantly, by using hepatocyte-specific TRIM31 knockout mice (TRIM31Hep-cKO) and mouse primary hepatocytes with Nrf2-knockout (Nrf2KO), we identified that the anti-fibrotic and hepatic protective effects of Mul were TRIM31/Nrf2 signaling-dependent, relieving HSCs activation and liver fibrosis. Therefore, Mul-ameliorated hepatocyte injury contributed to the suppression of HSCs activation by improving TRIM31/Nrf2 axis, thus providing a novel therapeutic strategy for hepatic fibrosis treatment.
Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Kuwanon C from Cudrania tricuspidata Are Mediated by Heme Oxygenase-1 in HT22 Hippocampal Cells, RAW264.7 Macrophage, and BV2 Microglia
Int J Mol Sci 2020 Jul 8;21(14):4839.PMID:32650596DOI:10.3390/ijms21144839.
Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is a detoxifying phase II enzyme that plays a role in both inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Curdrania tricuspidata is widespread throughout East Asia and is used as a therapeutic agent in traditional medicine. We investigated whether treatment with sixteen flavonoid or xanthone compounds from C. tricuspidata could induce HO-1 expression in HT22 hippocampal cells, RAW264.7 macrophage, and BV2 microglia. In these compounds, Kuwanon C showed the most remarkable HO-1 expression effects. In addition, treatment with Kuwanon C reduced cytoplasmic nuclear erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) expression and increased Nrf2 expression in the nucleus. Significant inhibition of glutamate-induced oxidative injury and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurred when HT22 hippocampal cells were pretreated with Kuwanon C. The levels of inflammatory mediator and cytokine, which increased following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, were suppressed in RAW264.7 macrophage and BV2 microglia after Kuwanon C pretreatment. Kuwanon C also attenuated p65 DNA binding and translocation into the nucleus in LPS-induced RAW264.7 and BV2 cells. The anti-inflammatory, anti-neuroinflammatory, and neuroprotective effects of Kuwanon C were reversed when co-treatment with HO-1 inhibitor of tin protoporphyrin-IX (SnPP). These results suggest that the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of Kuwanon C are regulated by HO-1 expression.
Mulberry Component Kuwanon C Exerts Potent Therapeutic Efficacy In Vitro against COVID-19 by Blocking the SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 RBD:ACE2 Receptor Interaction
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Oct 19;23(20):12516.PMID:36293371DOI:10.3390/ijms232012516.
There has been an immense effort by global pharmaceutical companies to develop anti-COVID-19 drugs, including small molecule-based RNA replication inhibitors via drug repositioning and antibody-based spike protein blockers related to cell entry by SARS-CoV-2. However, several limitations to their clinical use have emerged in addition to a lack of progress in the development of small molecule-based cell entry inhibitors from natural products. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of Kuwanon C (KC), which has mainly been researched using in silico docking simulation and can serve as an effective building block for developing anti-COVID-19 drugs, in blocking the spike S1 RBD:ACE2 receptor interaction. KC is a natural product derived from Morus alba L., commonly known as mulberry, which has known antiviral efficacy. Molecular interaction studies using competitive ELISA and the BLItz system revealed that KC targets both the spike S1 RBD and the ACE2 receptor, successfully disrupting their interaction, as supported by the in silico docking simulation. Furthermore, we established a mechanism of action by observing how KC prevents the infection of SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus in ACE2/TPRSS2-overexpressing HEK293T cells. Finally, we demonstrated that KC inhibits clinical isolates of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells. Future combinations of small molecule-based cell entry inhibitors, such as KC, with the currently prescribed RNA replication inhibitors are anticipated to significantly enhance the efficacy of COVID-19 therapies.
Morusin and Mulberrin extend the lifespans of yeast and C. elegans via suppressing nutrient-sensing pathways
Geroscience 2023 Apr;45(2):949-964.PMID:36462128DOI:10.1007/s11357-022-00693-2.
Compounds with lifespan extension activity are rare, although increasing research efforts have been invested in this field to find ways to extend healthy lifespan. By applying a yeast-based high-throughput assay to identify the chronological lifespan extension activity of mulberry extracts rapidly, we demonstrated that a group of prenylated flavones, particularly morusin and Mulberrin, could extend the chronological lifespan of budding yeast via a nutrient-dependent regime by at least partially targeting SCH9. Their antiaging activity could be extended to C. elegans by promoting its longevity, dependent on the full functions of genes akt-1 or akt-2. Moreover, additional benefits were observed from morusin- and mulberrin-treated worms, including increased reproduction without the influence of worm health (pumping rate, pumping decline, and reproduction span). In the human HeLa cell model, morusin and Mulberrin inhibited the phosphorylation of p70S6K1, promoted autophagy, and slowed cell senescence. The molecular docking study showed that Mulberrin and morusin bind to the same pocket of p70S6K1. Collectively, our findings open up a potential class of prenylated flavones performing their antiaging activity via nutrient-sensing pathways.
Natural Flavones from Morus alba against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus via Targeting the Proton Motive Force and Membrane Permeability
J Agric Food Chem 2019 Sep 11;67(36):10222-10234.PMID:31385700DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01795.
The emergence and rapid spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) critically requires alternative therapeutic options. New antibacterial drugs and strategies are urgently needed to combat MRSA-associated infections. Here, we investigated the antibacterial activity of flavones from Morus alba and the potential mode of action against MRSA. Kuwanon G, kuwanon H, Mulberrin, and morusin displayed high efficiency in killing diverse MRSA isolates. On the basis of structure-activity analysis, the cyclohexene-phenyl ketones and isopentenyl groups were critical to increase the membrane permeability and to dissipate the proton motive force. Meanwhile, mechanistic studies further showed that kuwanon G displayed rapid bactericidal activity in vitrowith difficulty in developing drug resistance. Kuwanon G targeted phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin in the cytoplasmic membrane through the formation of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. Additionally, kuwanon G promoted wound healing in a mouse model of MRSA skin infection. In summary, these results indicate that flavones are promising lead compounds to treat MRSA-associated infections through disrupting the proton motive force and membrane permeability.