Gepotidacin (GSK2140944)
(Synonyms: GSK2140944) 目录号 : GC32088
Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) (GSK2140944) 是一种新型三氮杂苊细菌 II 型拓扑异构酶抑制剂。
Cas No.:1075236-89-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
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Animal experiment: |
Mice: For neutropenic pharmacokinetic studies, at 3 h postinoculation (0 h), groups of 48 infected mice are administered GSK2140944 s.c. in single doses of 6.25, 50, or 200 mg/kg. Blood samples are collected from groups of six mice at 5 min and 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 h postdose for 6.25- or 50-mg/kg doses and 5 min and 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, and 6 h postdose for the 200-mg/kg dose via cardiac puncture[4]. |
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References: [1]. Farrell DJ, et al. In Vitro Activity of Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 Feb 23;61(3). |
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Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) is a novel triazaacenaphthylene bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitor.
Gepotidacin is a novel, first-in-class, triazaacenaphthylene antibacterial that inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV via a unique mechanism and has demonstrated in vitro activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacterias , including drug-resistant strains, and also targets pathogens associated with other conventional and biothreat infections. The MIC50 and MIC90 for gepotidacin against the 25 N. gonorrhoeae isolates tested are 0.12 and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively[1]. The gepotidacin MIC90s are as follows (in μg/mL): Streptococcus pyogenes, 0.25; Escherichia coli, 2; Moraxella catarrhalis, ≤0.06; Streptococcus pneumoniae, 0.25; Haemophilus influenzae, 1; Clostridium perfringens, 0.5; and Shigella spp., 1[2]. Gepotidacin hasin vitroactivity against causative pathogens of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs)[3].
GSK2140944 MICs are 0.125 to 0.5 mg/L against the six MRSA isolates. ELF penetration ratios range from 1.1 to 1.4. Observed maximal decreases are 1.1 to 3.1 log10 CFU in neutropenic mice. The mean fAUC/MIC ratios required for stasis and 1-log-unit decreases are 59.3 ± 34.6 and 148.4 ± 83.3, respectively.
[1]. Farrell DJ, et al. In Vitro Activity of Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 Feb 23;61(3). [2]. Biedenbach DJ, et al. In Vitro Activity of Gepotidacin, a Novel Triazaacenaphthylene Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitor, against a Broad Spectrum of Bacterial Pathogens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016 Jan 4;60(3):1918-23. [3]. O'Riordan W, et al. Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) in the Treatment of Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Gram-Positive Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 May 24;61(6). [4]. So W, et al. Pharmacodynamic Profile of GSK2140944 against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Murine Lung Infection Model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Aug;59(8):4956-61.
| Cas No. | 1075236-89-3 | SDF | |
| 别名 | GSK2140944 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(C=NC(C=C1)=C23)N3[C@H](CN4CCC(NCC5=CC(CCCO6)=C6C=N5)CC4)CN2C1=O | ||
| 分子式 | C24H28N6O3 | 分子量 | 448.52 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 7.14 mg/mL (15.92 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.2296 mL | 11.1478 mL | 22.2955 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4459 mL | 2.2296 mL | 4.4591 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.223 mL | 1.1148 mL | 2.2296 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Dose Selection for Phase III Clinical Evaluation of Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022 Mar 15;66(3):e0149221.PMID:34978887DOI:10.1128/AAC.01492-21.
Antibiotics are the current standard-of-care treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs). However, increasing rates of bacterial antibiotic resistance necessitate novel therapeutic options. Gepotidacin is a first-in-class triazaacenaphthylene antibiotic that selectively inhibits bacterial DNA replication by interaction with the bacterial subunits of DNA gyrase (GyrA) and topoisomerase IV (ParC). Gepotidacin is currently in clinical development for the treatment of uUTIs and other infections. In this article, we review data for gepotidacin from nonclinical studies, including in vitro activity, in vivo animal efficacy, and pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models that informed dose selection for phase III clinical evaluation of gepotidacin. Based on this translational package of data, a gepotidacin 1,500-mg oral dose twice daily for 5 days was selected for two ongoing, randomized, multicenter, parallel-group, double-blind, double-dummy, active-comparator phase III clinical studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of gepotidacin in adolescent and adult female participants with uUTIs (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers NCT04020341 and NCT04187144).
Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) In Vitro Activity against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017 Jun 27;61(7):e00468-17.PMID:28483959DOI:10.1128/AAC.00468-17.
Gepotidacin is a first-in-class, novel triazaacenaphthylene antibiotic that inhibits bacterial DNA replication and has in vitro activity against susceptible and drug-resistant pathogens. Reference in vitro methods were used to investigate the MICs and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of gepotidacin and comparator agents for Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli Gepotidacin in vitro activity was also evaluated by using time-kill kinetics and broth microdilution checkerboard methods for synergy testing and for postantibiotic and subinhibitory effects. The MIC90 of gepotidacin for 50 S. aureus (including methicillin-resistant S. aureus [MRSA]) and 50 S. pneumoniae (including penicillin-nonsusceptible) isolates was 0.5 μg/ml, and for E. coli (n = 25 isolates), it was 4 μg/ml. Gepotidacin was bactericidal against S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, and E. coli, with MBC/MIC ratios of ≿ against 98, 98, and 88% of the isolates tested, respectively. Time-kill curves indicated that the bactericidal activity of gepotidacin was observed at 4× or 10× MIC at 24 h for all of the isolates. S. aureus regrowth was observed in the presence of gepotidacin, and the resulting gepotidacin MICs were 2- to 128-fold higher than the baseline gepotidacin MICs. Checkerboard analysis of gepotidacin combined with other antimicrobials demonstrated no occurrences of antagonism with agents from multiple antimicrobial classes. The most common interaction when testing gepotidacin was indifference (fractional inhibitory concentration index of >0.5 to ≿; 82.7% for Gram-positive isolates and 82.6% for Gram-negative isolates). The postantibiotic effect (PAE) of gepotidacin was short when it was tested against S. aureus (≿.6 h against MRSA and MSSA), and the PAE-sub-MIC effect (SME) was extended (>8 h; three isolates at 0.5× MIC). The PAE of levofloxacin was modest (0.0 to 2.4 h), and the PAE-SME observed varied from 1.2 to >9 h at 0.5× MIC. These in vitro data indicate that gepotidacin is a bactericidal agent that exhibits a modest PAE and an extended PAE-SME against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria and merits further study for potential use in treating infections caused by these pathogens.
In Vitro Activity of Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) against Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017 Feb 23;61(3):e02047-16.PMID:28069643DOI:10.1128/AAC.02047-16.
Gepotidacin (formerly GSK2140944) is a novel, first-in-class, triazaacenaphthylene antibacterial that inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV via a unique mechanism and has demonstrated in vitro activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, including drug-resistant strains, and also targets pathogens associated with other conventional and biothreat infections. Broth microdilution was used to evaluate the MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) activity of gepotidacin and comparators against 25 N. gonorrhoeae strains (including five ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible strains). Gepotidacin activity was also evaluated against three N. gonorrhoeae strains (including a ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible strain) for resistance development, against three N. gonorrhoeae strains (including two tetracycline- and azithromycin-nonsusceptible strains) using time-kill kinetics and checkerboard methods, and against two N. gonorrhoeae strains for the investigation of postantibiotic (PAE) and subinhibitory (PAE-SME) effects. The MIC50 and MIC90 for gepotidacin against the 25 N. gonorrhoeae isolates tested were 0.12 and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively. The MBC50 and MBC90 for gepotidacin were 0.25 and 0.5 μg/ml, respectively. Gepotidacin was bactericidal, and single-step resistance selection studies did not recover any mutants, indicating a low rate of spontaneous single-step resistance. For combinations of gepotidacin and comparators tested using checkerboard methods, there were no instances where antagonism occurred and only one instance of synergy (with moxifloxacin; fractional inhibitory concentration, 0.375). This was not confirmed by in vitro time-kill studies. The PAE for gepotidacin against the wild-type strain ranged from 0.5 to >2.5 h, and the PAE-SME was >2.5 h. These in vitro data indicate that further study of gepotidacin is warranted for potential use in treating infections caused by N. gonorrhoeae.
In Vitro Activity of Gepotidacin against Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Anaerobes
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022 Feb 15;66(2):e0216521.PMID:34930028DOI:10.1128/aac.02165-21.
Gepotidacin (formerly GSK2140944) is a first-in-class triazaacenaphthylene antibacterial currently in phase III clinical trials. When tested against Gram-negative (n = 333) and Gram-positive (n = 225) anaerobes by agar dilution, Gepotidacin inhibited 90% of isolates at concentrations of 4 and 2 μg/mL, respectively. Given Gepotidacin's in vitro activity against the anaerobic isolates tested, further study is warranted to better understand the utility of Gepotidacin in the treatment of infections caused by clinically relevant anaerobic organisms.
In Vitro Activities of Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) and Other Antimicrobial Agents against Human Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017 Sep 22;61(10):e01064-17.PMID:28784668DOI:10.1128/AAC.01064-17.
Gepotidacin, a novel first-in-class triazaacenaphthylene topoisomerase II inhibitor, was tested against 85 type strains and clinical isolates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma parvum, and Ureaplasma urealyticum in comparison to levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, azithromycin or clindamycin, and tetracycline. Gepotidacin MIC90s (μg/ml) were 0.125 (M. pneumoniae), 0.032 (M. genitalium), 2 (M. hominis), and 8 (Ureaplasma species). Gepotidacin activity was not affected by resistance to fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, or macrolides in the strains tested. Gepotidacin merits further study for treating infections caused by these organisms.