Platycodin D2
(Synonyms: 桔梗皂苷 D2) 目录号 : GC36936
Platycodin D2 是桔梗中的皂苷类物质，具有抗癌活性。
Cas No.:66663-90-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Platycodin D2 is a saponin isolated from Platycodon grandiflorum, with anti-cancer activity[1].
[1]. Kim YS, et al. Isolation of a new saponin and cytotoxic effect of saponins from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum on human tumor cell lines. Planta Med. 2005 Jun;71(6):566-8.
| Cas No. | 66663-90-9 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 桔梗皂苷 D2 | ||
| 分子式 | C63H102O33 | 分子量 | 1387.46 |
| 溶解度 | Soluble in DMSO | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 0.7207 mL | 3.6037 mL | 7.2074 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.1441 mL | 0.7207 mL | 1.4415 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.0721 mL | 0.3604 mL | 0.7207 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Platycodin D2 improves specific cellular and humoral responses to hepatitis B surface antigen in mice
Chem Biodivers 2010 Jan;7(1):178-85.PMID:20087984DOI:10.1002/cbdv.200900002.
Platycodin D2 (1), a less hemolytic saponin from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum than platycodin D (2), was evaluated for the potential to enhance specific cellular and humoral immune responses to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in mice. It significantly increased the concanavalin A (Con A)-, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-, and HBsAg-induced splenocyte proliferation in HBsAg-immunized mice (P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.001, resp.). HBsAg-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibody titers in the serum were also markedly enhanced by 1 compared to the HBsAg control group (P<0.01 or P<0.001). Moreover, 1 significantly promoted the production of Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) and Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines from splenocytes in the HBsAg-immunized mice (P<0.001). The adjuvant potential of 1 on splenocyte proliferation, serum HBsAg-specific IgG2a and IgG2b antibody response, as well as Th1-cytokine secretion from splenocytes in the HBsAg-immunized mice was higher than that of Alum. The results suggest that 1 could improve both cellular and humoral immune responses to HBsAg in mice. Hence, 1 might be a promising adjuvant for hepatitis B vaccine with dual Th1- and Th2-potentiating activity.
Platycodin D2 is a potential less hemolytic saponin adjuvant eliciting Th1 and Th2 immune responses
Int Immunopharmacol 2008 Aug;8(8):1143-50.PMID:18550019DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2008.04.006.
Platycodin D2 (PD2), a saponin isolated from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum, was evaluated for its haemolytic activity and adjuvant potential on the cellular and humoral immune responses to ovalbumin (OVA) in ICR mice. The HD(50) values of PD2 and Quil A were 18.57+/-1.37 and 5.76+/-0.23 microg/ml against 0.5% rabbit red blood cell, respectively, implicating the less haemolytic activity for PD2 than Quil A. ICR mice were immunized subcutaneously with OVA 100 microg alone or with OVA 100 microg dissolved in saline containing Alum (200 microg), or PD2 (25, 50, 75 or 100 microg) on Day 1 and 15. Two weeks later (Day 28), concanavalin A (Con A)-, lipopolysaccharide (LPS-) and OVA-stimulated splenocyte proliferation and OVA-specific antibodies in serum were measured. PD2 significantly enhanced the Con A-, LPS-, and OVA-induced splenocyte proliferation in the OVA-immunized mice (P<0.05, P<0.01 or P<0.001). OVA-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibody titers in serum were also significantly enhanced by PD2 compared with OVA control group (P<0.05, P<0.01 or P<0.001). Further, the effects of PD2 on mRNA expression of cytokines and transcription factors in Con A-stimulated mice splenocytes were evaluated by RT-PCR analysis. PD2 significantly promoted the mRNA expression of cytokines IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-10 and transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3 (P<0.05, P<0.01 or P<0.001). In conclusion, the results suggest that PD2 could be safely used as adjuvant eliciting Th1 and Th2 immune responses.
Influence of sulfur fumigation on glycoside profile in Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng)
Chin Med 2016 Jul 6;11:32.PMID:27385975DOI:10.1186/s13020-016-0101-1.
Background: Over recent decades, sulfur fumigation is becoming abused in processing some freshly harvested herbs used as both medicine and food, although it has been questioned whether sulfur fumigation will change the efficacy and safety of the herbs. One of the herbs commonly processed by sulfur fumigation is Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng in Chinese). Glycosides are the main bioactive components of Jiegeng. Up to the present, no study has been carried out to evaluate the impact of sulfur fumigation on glycoside profile of Jiegeng. Methods: A rapid and versatile ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultra-high resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC UHD Q-TOF MS/MS) method was developed for comprehensive analysis of the glycoside profiles of sulfur-fumigated and air-dried Jiegeng samples. Results: Twenty-three glycosides were detected in air-dried and sulfur-fumigated Jiegeng samples. After sulfur fumigation, the peak heights of eight glycosides, namely platycogenin A, platycodin D, Platycodin D2, platycodin D3, polygalacin D, polygalacin D2, deapio-platycodin D and 3″-O-acetylplatycodin D2, remarkably decreased; while peak heights of five glycosides, namely syringin, lobetyolin, platycoside E, deapio-platycodin D2 and deapio-platycoside E, slightly increased; in addition, peaks of ten glycosides, platycodin A, platycodin C, platycodin V, platycoside C, 16-oxoplatycodin D, 2″-O-acetylpolygalacin D, 2″-O-acetylpolygalacin D2, 3″-O-acetylpolygalacin D, 3″-O-acetylpolygalacin D2, and platycogenic acid B, disappeared. Conclusion: Sulfur fumigation caused significant changes of glycoside components of Jiegeng. Further investigations are warranted to explore how these chemical changes occurred and whether these changes would affect the efficacy and safety of Jiegeng.
In addition to its endosomal escape effect, platycodin D also synergizes with ribosomal inactivation protein to induce apoptosis in hepatoma cells through AKT and MAPK signaling pathways
Chem Biol Interact 2022 Sep 1;364:110058.PMID:35872048DOI:10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110058.
Efficient endosomal escape after cellular uptake is a major challenge for the clinical application of therapeutic proteins. To overcome this obstacle, several strategies have been used to help protein drugs escape from endosomes without affecting the integrity of the cell membrane. Among them, some triterpenoid saponins with special structures were used to greatly enhance the anti-tumor therapeutic effect of protein toxins. Herein, we demonstrated that platycodin D (PD), polygalacin D (PGD) and Platycodin D2 (PD2) from Platycodonis Radix significantly enhanced the ability of MHBP (a type I ribosome-inactivating protein toxin MAP30 fused with a cell-penetrating peptide HBP) to induce apoptosis in hepatoma cells. Based on the results of co-localization of endocytosed EGFP-HBP with a lysosomal probe and Galectin-9 vesicle membrane damage sensor, we demonstrated that PD, PGD and PD2 have the ability to promote endosomal escape of endocytic proteins without affecting the integrity of the plasma membrane. Meanwhile, we observed that cholesterol metabolism plays an important role in the activity of PD by RNA-seq analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and confirm that PD, PGD and PD2 enhance the anti-tumor activity of MHBP by inducing the redistribution of free cholesterol and inhibiting the activity of cathepsin B and cathepsin D. Finally, we found that PD synergized with MHBP to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis through inhibiting Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways and activating JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. This study provides new insights into the application of PD in cancer therapy and provides efficient and promising strategies for the cytosolic delivery of therapeutic proteins.
Establishment of indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of platycodin D in Radix Platycodonis
J Food Drug Anal 2020 Sep 15;28(3):399-406.PMID:35696102DOI:10.38212/2224-6614.1009.
Platycodin D (PD) has been used as the quality control marker of Radix Platycodonis for its high content and various pharmacological properties. In this study, a specific polyclonal antibody against PD (PD-pAb) was developed, and PD-pAb-based indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) was established for the detection of PD in Radix Platycodonis. The 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of PD was 2.70 μg/mL and the linearity range for PD was from 0.032 μg/mL to 100 μg/mL. No cross reactivity with PD-pAb was found in five PD analogs except for Platycodin D2 (PD2, 0.93%). The average recovery of PD by icELISA was 97.14% (RSD = 1.17%). The icELISA was used for the detection of PD in different Radix Platycodonis samples and the results were confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The correlation coefficient between the two assays was 0.9654. Taken together, the established icELISA might be a simple, cheap, rapid, sensitive, reliable and high-throughput method for determining the contents of PD in Radix Platycodonis.