Etoxazole
(Synonyms: 乙螨唑) 目录号 : GC47326
An organofluorine acaricide
Cas No.:153233-91-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Etoxazole is an organofluorine acaricide.1,2 It induces toxicity in two-spotted spider mite (T. urticae) larvae (LC50 = 0.036 mg/L for the London reference strain) through inhibition of chitin synthase 1. It reduces acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the freshwater fish O. niloticus in a concentration-dependent manner.3 Etoxazole (2.2-22 mg/kg per day) inhibits the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and AChE in the liver and kidneys of rats in a dose-dependent manner.2 Formulations containing etoxazole have been used for the control of mites in agriculture.
1.Demaeght, P., Osborne, E.J., Odman-Maresh, J., et al.High resolution genetic mapping uncovers chitin synthase-1 as the target-site of the structurally diverse mite growth inhibitors clofentezine, hexythiazox and etoxazole in Tetranychus urticaeInsect Biochem. Mol. Biol.5152-61(2014) 2.Yilmaz, M., Rencuzogullari, E., and Canli, M.Investigations on the effects of etoxazole in the liver and kidney of Wistar ratsEnviron. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int.24(24)19635-19639(2017) 3.Sevgiler, Y., OruÇ, E.O., and Üner, N.Evaluation of etoxazole toxicity in the liver of Oreochromis niloticusPestic. Biochem. Physiol.78(1)1-8(2004)
| Cas No. | 153233-91-1 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 乙螨唑 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C2N=C(C3=C(F)C=CC=C3F)OC2)C(OCC)=C1 | ||
| 分子式 | C21H23F2NO2 | 分子量 | 359.4 |
| 溶解度 | Chloroform: Slightly Soluble | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.7824 mL | 13.9121 mL | 27.8242 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5565 mL | 2.7824 mL | 5.5648 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2782 mL | 1.3912 mL | 2.7824 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Etoxazole is Metabolized Enantioselectively in Liver Microsomes of Rat and Human in Vitro
Environ Sci Technol 2016 Sep 6;50(17):9682-8.PMID:27479246DOI:10.1021/acs.est.6b02676.
Acaricide Etoxazole belongs to the ovicides/miticides diphenyloxazole class, affecting adults to lay sterile eggs by inhibiting chitin biosynthesis possibly. The reverse-phase HPLC-MS/MS method was used to determine the Etoxazole enantiomers. The enantioselective degradation behavior of rac-etoxazole in liver microsomes of rat and human in vitro with NADPH was dramatically different. The t1/2 of (R)-etoxazole was 15.23 min in rat liver microsomes and 30.54 min in human liver microsomes, while 21.73 and 23.50 min were obtained for (S)-etoxazole, respectively. The Vmax of (R)-etoxazole was almost 5-fold of (S)-etoxazole in liver microsomes of rat in vitro. However, the Vmax of (S)-etoxazole was almost 2-fold of (R)-etoxazole in liver microsomes of human in vitro. The CLint of Etoxazole was also shown the enantioselectivity on the contrary in liver microsomes of rat and human. These results indicated that the metabolism of two Etoxazole enantiomers was selective in liver microsomes of rat and human in vitro, and enantioselectivity in the two kinds of liver microsomes was in the difference in degradation performance. The reason might be related to the composition and content involved in the enzyme system.
Etoxazole stereoselective determination, bioaccumulation, and resulting oxidative stress in Danio rerio (zebrafish)
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020 Apr 1;192:110287.PMID:32036102DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110287.
An environmentally-friendly and fast analytical method for the stereoselective determination of Etoxazole was developed and then applied to estimate stereoselective bioaccumulation and elimination in zebrafish using SFC-MS/MS. Optimal enantioseparation conditions were determined using a Chiralpak IG-3 column and CO2/MeOH mobile phase (80/20, v/v), at 3.0 mL/min within 1 min, 30°Me and 18 MPa. A modified QuEChERS method was developed for zebrafish sample pretreatment, and mean recoveries were 88.43-110.12% with relative standard deviations ranging from 0.32 to 5.34%. The enantioselectives of Etoxazole enantiomers in zebrafish during uptake and depuration phases were evaluated. Significant enantioselective bioaccumulation was observed, with preferential accumulation of (-)-R-etoxazole compared to its antipode, during uptake at both low and high exposure concentrations. The toxic effects of Etoxazole on zebrafish were further explored, and activities of antioxidant enzymes were determined in liver of zebrafish. Significant changes were observed in the SOD and GST activities and in the MDA levels, which indicated the occurrence of oxidative stress in liver of zebrafish. The toxic effects exhibited time- and dose-dependent properties. These results can facilitate the accurate risk evaluation of Etoxazole and provide basic knowledge for further study of biotoxicity mechanisms.
Exposure to Etoxazole induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in porcine trophectoderm and uterine luminal epithelial cells
Environ Pollut 2020 Feb;257:113480.PMID:31744678DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113480.
Etoxazole is an organofluorine insecticide widely used in agriculture. Exposure to insecticides is a serious environmental problem owing to their cytotoxic effects in humans and animals. Reproductive toxicity of various organofluorine insecticides have been shown in previous studies. However, few studies have evaluated the toxicity of Etoxazole in mammals. We aimed to examine the toxic effects of Etoxazole in porcine trophectoderm (pTr) and uterine luminal epithelial (pLE) cells. To estimate the effects of Etoxazole, we conducted assays after treatment with multiple concentration of Etoxazole (0, 2, 4, 6 and 9 μM) to pTr and pLE cells for 0-72 h. Etoxazole decreased the cell proliferation, viability, and migration of pTr and pLE cells. Further, Etoxazole induced apoptosis via cell cycle arrest and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. We also found that pro-apoptotic proteins and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-response proteins were activated in response to Etoxazole. Finally, we observed that Etoxazole altered the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways and the mRNA expression of genes associated with implantation. Collectively, these results suggest that Etoxazole disrupts normal cellular physiology and might cause early implantation failure.
Investigations on the effects of Etoxazole in the liver and kidney of Wistar rats
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017 Aug;24(24):19635-19639.PMID:28681301DOI:10.1007/s11356-017-9601-5.
Pesticides are used to protect crops and to eliminate pests, though non-target organisms such as mammals are also affected from their usage. Etoxazole (organoflourine pesticide) is an acaricide used to combat spider mites which are the parasites of various crops. The present study aims to investigate the effects of Etoxazole on the level of MDA (malondialdehyde) and activities of CAT (catalase), GPx (glutathione peroxidase), and AChE (acetylcholinesterase) in liver and kidney tissues of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus var. albinos). Rats received Etoxazole intraperitoneally with doses of 2.2, 11, and 22 mg/kg b.w./day for 21 days. Control rats received the same volume of the serum physiologic. Following Etoxazole exposures, activities of CAT, GPx, and AChE in the liver and kidney of rats significantly decreased at all doses compared to control group. Oppositely, MDA levels in these tissues increased significantly at all doses following Etoxazole exposures. The present study demonstrated that Etoxazole, at all doses, had toxic effects in the liver and kidney parameters, suggesting their possible use as effective biomarkers in determining the toxic effects of Etoxazole. This may suggest that these biomarkers could also be used as a tool to monitor pesticide-affected areas before severe toxic effects begin in non-target animals and humans.
Determination of Etoxazole in different parts of citrus fruit and its potential dietary exposure risk assessment
Chemosphere 2021 Apr;268:128832.PMID:33168279DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128832.
In this study, the profile of Etoxazole in whole citrus, peel and pulp samples collected from Chongqing, Guangdong and Anhui provinces was monitored and their dietary risk to human had also been assessed. The final residual levels and distributions of Etoxazole in citrus samples were detected by using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that final concentrations of Etoxazole in whole citrus, peel, and pulp were ranged at 0.012-0.174, 0.010-0.637, and 0.010-0.011 mg kg-1, respectively. The assessment of dietary risk suggested that chronic dietary risk of Etoxazole in whole fruit and peel were 0.010-0.197% and 0.035-0.951%, respectively. Our findings indicated that the chronic risk of daily consumption of citrus fruit is acceptable at recommended dosage.