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Ethaselen Sale

(Synonyms: BBSKE) 目录号 : GC63488

Ethaselen (BBSKE) 是具有口服活性的,选择性的硫氧还蛋白还原酶 (TrxR) 抑制剂,对野生型人 TrxR1 和大鼠 TrxR1 的 IC50 分别为 0.5 和 0.35 μM。Ethaselen 特异性结合哺乳动物 TrxR1 C 端活性位点中独特的硒代半胱氨酸-半胱氨酸氧化还原对。Ethaselen 是一种有机硒化合物,一种有效的抗肿瘤候选药物,可通过靶向 TrxR 对非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 发挥有效抑制作用。

Ethaselen Chemical Structure

Cas No.:217798-39-5

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5 mg
¥2,700.00
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10 mg
¥4,410.00
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25 mg
¥8,820.00
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50 mg
¥13,500.00
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产品描述

Ethaselen (BBSKE) is an orally active, selective thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitor with IC50s of 0.5 and 0.35 μM for the wild-type human TrxR1 and rat TrxR1, respectively. Ethaselen specifically binds to the unique selenocysteine-cysteine redox pair in the C-terminal active site of mammalian TrxR1. Ethaselen, an organoselenium compound, is a potent antitumor candidate that exerts potent inhibition on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by targeting TrxR[1][2].

Ethaselen (2.5-10 μM; 12, 24 hours) suppresses A549 cell viability in a both concentration- and time-dependent manner. H1666, which has considerably lower TrxR1 expression level, is less susceptible to 24 h treatment with Ethaselen[1]. Ethaselen inhibits the intracellular TrxR1 activity in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 4.2 and 2 μM for 12- and 24-h treatments, respectively[1]. Ethaselen (2.5-10 μM; 12, 24 hours) has no effect on the protein amounts of TrxR1 and Trx. The mRNA level of TrxR1 does not show significant alteration in Ethaselen-treated A549 cells[1]. Ethaselen (2.5-50 μM; 1-24 hours) causes intracellular Trx oxidation in A549 cells[1]. Ethaselen (5-10 μM; 12, 24 hours) causes a clear concentration-dependent increase in ROS levels in A549 cells[1]. The inhibition constants for Ethaselen binding to free enzyme (Ki) and the enzyme-substrate complex (Kis) were determined to be 0.022 and 0.087 μM, respectively. Ethaselen also inhibits mammalian TrxR1 in a time-dependent manner possibly by forming a covalent Se-S bond with Cys497 of Trx[1].

Ethaselen(BBSKE; 36-108 mg/kg/day; PO; for 10 days) shows increased inhibition of tumor growth in a dose-independent manner[2].

[1]. Lihui Wang, et al. Ethaselen: a potent mammalian thioredoxin reductase 1 inhibitor and novel organoselenium anticancer agent. Free Radic Biol Med. 2012 Mar 1;52(5):898-908.
[2]. Suo-Fu Ye, et al. Dose-biomarker-response modeling of the anticancer effect of ethaselen in a human non-small cell lung cancer xenograft mouse model. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2017 Feb;38(2):223-232.

Chemical Properties

Cas No. 217798-39-5 SDF
别名 BBSKE
分子式 C16H12N2O2Se2 分子量 422.2
溶解度 DMSO : 12.5 mg/mL (29.61 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C) 储存条件 Store at -20°C
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1 mM 2.3685 mL 11.8427 mL 23.6855 mL
5 mM 0.4737 mL 2.3685 mL 4.7371 mL
10 mM 0.2369 mL 1.1843 mL 2.3685 mL
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Research Update

Ethaselen synergizes with oxaliplatin in tumor growth inhibition by inducing ROS production and inhibiting TrxR1 activity in gastric cancer

J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021 Aug 19;40(1):260.PMID:34412665DOI:10.1186/s13046-021-02052-z.

Background: Oxaliplatin is one of the most commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of various cancers, including gastric cancer. It has, however, a narrow therapeutic index due to its toxicity and the occurrence of drug resistance. Hence, it is of great significance to develop novel therapies to potentiate the anti-tumor effect and reduce the toxicity of oxaliplatin. In our previous study, we demonstrated that Ethaselen (BBSKE), an inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase, effectively inhibited the growth of gastric cancer cells and promoted apoptosis in vitro. In the present study, we investigated whether BBSKE can potentiate the anti-tumor effect of oxaliplatin in gastric cancer in vivo and vitro. Methods: Cellular apoptosis and ROS levels were analyzed by flow cytometry. Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) activity in gastric cancer cells, organoid and tumor tissues was determined by using the endpoint insulin reduction assay. Western blot was used to analyze the expressions of the indicated proteins. Nude mice xenograft models were used to test the effects of BBSKE and oxaliplatin combinations on gastric cancer cell growth in vivo. In addition, we also used the combined treatment of BBSKE and oxaliplatin in three cases of gastric cancer Patient-Derived organoid (GC-PDO) to detect the anti-tumor effect. Results: We found that BBSKE significantly enhanced oxaliplatin-induced growth inhibition in gastric cancer cells by inhibiting TrxR1 activity. Because of the inhibition of TrxR1 activity, BBSKE synergized with oxaliplatin to enhance the production of ROS and activate p38 and JNK signaling pathways which eventually induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. In vivo, we also found that BBSKE synergized with oxaliplatin to suppress the gastric cancer tumor growth in xenograft nude mice model, accompanied by the reduced TrxR1 activity. Remarkably, we found that BBSKE attenuated body weight loss evoked by oxaliplatin treatment. We also used three cases of GC-PDO and found that the combined treatment of BBSKE and oxaliplatin dramatically inhibited the growth and viability of GC-PDO with increased ROS level, decreased TrxR1 activity and enhanced apoptosis. Conclusions: This study elucidates the underlying mechanisms of synergistic effect of BBSKE and oxaliplatin, and suggests that the combined treatment has potential value in gastric cancer therapy.

Ethaselen: a potent mammalian thioredoxin reductase 1 inhibitor and novel organoselenium anticancer agent

Free Radic Biol Med 2012 Mar 1;52(5):898-908.PMID:22210352DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.11.034.

Mammalian thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) is considered to be an important anticancer drug target and to be involved in both carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Here, we report that Ethaselen, a novel organoselenium compound with anticancer activity, specifically binds to the unique selenocysteine-cysteine redox pair in the C-terminal active site of mammalian TrxR1. Ethaselen was found to be a potent inhibitor rather than an efficient substrate of mammalian TrxR1. It effectively inhibits wild-type mammalian TrxR1 at submicromolar concentrations with an initial mixed-type inhibition pattern. By using recombinant human TrxR1 variants and human glutathione reductase, we prove that Ethaselen specifically targets the C-terminal but not the N-terminal active site of mammalian TrxR1. In A549 human lung cancer cells, Ethaselen significantly suppresses cell viability in parallel with direct inhibition of TrxR1 activity. It does not, however, alter either the disulfide-reduction capability of thioredoxin or the activity of glutathione reductase. As a downstream effect of TrxR1 inactivation, Ethaselen causes a dose-dependent thioredoxin oxidation and enhances the levels of cellular reactive oxygen species in A549 cells. Thus, we propose Ethaselen as the first selenium-containing inhibitor of mammalian TrxR1 and provide evidence that selenium compounds can act as anticancer agents based on mammalian TrxR1 inhibition.

Ethaselen: a novel organoselenium anticancer agent targeting thioredoxin reductase 1 reverses cisplatin resistance in drug-resistant K562 cells by inducing apoptosis

J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017 May;18(5):373-382.PMID:28471109DOI:10.1631/jzus.B1600073.

It has been reported that Ethaselen shows inhibitory effects on thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity and human tumor cell growth. In order to find an efficient way to reverse cisplatin resistance, we investigated the reversal effects of Ethaselen on cisplatin resistance in K562/cisplatin (CDDP) cells that were established by pulse-inducing human erythrocyte leukemic cell line K562, which are fivefold more resistant to cisplatin compared to K562 cells. The morphology and growth showed that the adhesion of K562/CDDP further decreased while the cell volume increased. The proliferation of K562/CDDP is strengthened. The antitumor activities in vitro were assessed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and combination index (CI), showing the significant synergic effects of cisplatin and Ethaselen. Focusing on apoptosis, a series of comparisons was made between K562 and K562/CDDP. Cisplatin induced higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in K562 and subsequently induced the formation of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (PTPs). In addition, cisplatin increased the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 in K562, which can influence the mitochondrial membrane permeability. PTP formation and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization eventually resulted in the release of cytochrome c and activation of the Caspase pathway. However, these effects were not clearly seen in K562/CDDP, which may be the reason for the acquired CDDP resistance. However, Ethaselen can induce a high level of ROS in K562/CDDP by TrxR activity inhibition and increased ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 in K562/CDDP by nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) suppression, which subsequently induces the release of cytochrome c in K562/CDDP. This response is partly responsible for the reversal of the cisplatin resistance in K562/CDDP cells.

A thioredoxin reductase inhibitor Ethaselen induces growth inhibition and apoptosis in gastric cancer

J Cancer 2020 Mar 4;11(10):3013-3019.PMID:32226516DOI:10.7150/jca.40744.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Conventional chemotherapy has been proven useful to only a portion of the patients. Previous developed targeted drugs are more effective and tolerable than conventional drugs. Thus the development of novel drugs targeting markers is an urgent task and the main direction for future research. Ethaselen, an inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), has been considered an important anticancer target drug. Previous studies show that it is effective on treating many kinds of cancers. In this paper, we examined that Ethaselen effectively inhibited the growth of gastric cancer cells and promoted apoptosis. Organoids were cultured from patient-derived cells in a three-dimension form which are widely used in cancer research to help us understand cancer cells behavior at the sub-organ level and develop novel drugs. We established a drug testing and screening system using GC-derived organoids by recapitulating tumor microenvironment. We confirmed that the TrxR-targeting Ethaselen could be a novel and effective drug for gastric cancer treatment.

The antimetastatic effect and underlying mechanisms of thioredoxin reductase inhibitor Ethaselen

Free Radic Biol Med 2019 Feb 1;131:7-17.PMID:30496814DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.030.

Treating cancer metastasis is of vital importance to prolong patients' survival. Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is overexpressed in many cancer types and has been recognized as an anti-cancer target. The organoselenium compound Ethaselen (BBSKE) has been proved to be a TrxR inhibitor and inhibit various types of tumor growth. However, whether BBSKE could inhibit tumor metastasis remains unclear. In this study, we aim to explore the antimetastatic effect of BBSKE and underlying mechanisms. BBSKE was found to dose-dependently suppress migration and invasion of MCF-7 and LoVo cells in vitro. The underlying mechanisms may include inhibition of TrxR activity, elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), decrease of EGFR activation and HER2 expression. Besides, the epithelial to mesenchymal transition process and expression of CD44, MMP-9, VEGFR2 and PD-L1 were also abrogated. Decreased migration and invasion, lower expression levels of EGFR, HER2, N-cadherin, CD44, MMP-9, VEGFR2 and PD-L1 were also observed in TrxR1-knockdown MCF-7 and LoVo cells. In the mouse breast cancer 4T1 model, BBSKE not only inhibited progression of primary tumor, but also suppressed formation of metastatic lung nodules and liver micro-metastases, indicating that BBSKE could effectively abolish tumor metastasis. In conclusion, our findings show that BBSKE is able to inhibit migration and invasion of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and may be used to prevent and treat metastasis.