Dichlorvos
(Synonyms: 敌敌畏) 目录号 : GC47211
An organophosphate insecticide
Cas No.:62-73-7
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Dichlorvos is an organophosphate insecticide and inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; IC50s = 269 and 44 nM, respectively).1 It also binds to the M2 muscarinic receptor in rat heart homogenates.2 Dichlorvos is lethal to 4-week old German cockroach (B. germanica) nymphs (LD50 = 0.108 μg per insect) and silkworms (B. mori) in third instar (LC50 = 6.63 mg/L) after 24 hours.3,4 It is lethal to zebrafish (D. rerio) embryos (LC50 = 39.75 mg/L after 24 hours) and decreases swimming activity of larvae 6 days after fertilization when administered at a concentration of 25 mg/L in tank water.5 Dichlorvos (150 ppm for 80 weeks) also increases the incidence of benign and malignant neoplasms in male rats from 47 to 88% as compared to controls.6
1.Petroianu, G.A., Schmitt, A., Arafat, K., et al.Weak inhibitors protect cholinesterases from stronger inhibitors (dichlorvos): In vitro effect of tiaprideInt. J. Toxicol.24(2)79-86(2005) 2.Silveira, C.L., Eldefrawi, A.T., and Eldefrawi, M.E.Putative M2 muscarinic receptors of rat heart have high affinity for organophosphorus anticholinesterasesToxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.103(3)474-481(1990) 3.Qian, K., Wei, X., Zeng, X., et al.Stage-dependent tolerance of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica for dichlorvos and propoxuJ. Insect Sci.10(1)201(2010) 4.Zhang, Z.-Y., Wang, D.-L., Chi, Z.-J., et al.Acute toxicity of organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides to Bombyx moriJ. Econ. Entomol.101(2)360-364(2008) 5.Si?man, T.Dichlorvos-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafishToxicol. Ind. Health26(9)567-573(2010) 6.Reuber, M.D.Carcinogenicity of dichlorvosClin. Toxicol.18(1)47-84(1981)
| Cas No. | 62-73-7 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 敌敌畏 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | Cl/C(Cl)=C/OP(OC)(OC)=O | ||
| 分子式 | C4H7Cl2O4P | 分子量 | 221 |
| 溶解度 | Chloroform: soluble,Ethyl Acetate: soluble,Methanol: soluble,Water: soluble | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 4.5249 mL | 22.6244 mL | 45.2489 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.905 mL | 4.5249 mL | 9.0498 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4525 mL | 2.2624 mL | 4.5249 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Carcinogenicity of Dichlorvos
Clin Toxicol 1981 Jan;18(1):47-84.PMID:7009035DOI:10.3109/15563658108990013.
Dichlorvos, 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate, an organophosphate insecticide, is widely used for the control of agricultural, industrial, and domestic pests (Fig. 1) [1]. Dichlorvos is administered orally as an anthelmintic to swine, horses, cats, and dogs. It is applied by dermal application to cattle, goats, sheep, swine, and chickens to control fleas, flies, and mites. Cucumbers, radishes, lettuce, and tomatoes are treated with Dichlorvos in greenhouses. Aerosols and strips are used for the control of ants, bedbugs, ticks, cockroaches, flies, mosquitoes, silverfish, spiders, and wasps. Exposure to Dichlorvos is by the inhalation of sprays or vapors from impregnated resins, by skin contact, or orally as a residue in food. The predominant mode of toxicity of Dichlorvos is inhibition of cholinesterase. This review includes, to the best of our knowledge, every study on the carcinogenicity of Dichlorvos in animals. The studies reviewed are: NCI Dichlorvos Rat Study, Tunstall Laboratory Dichlorvos Rat Study, Kettering Laboratory Dichlorvos Rat Study, Kettering Laboratory Dichlorvos Dog Study, Shell Chemical Company Dichlorvos Swine Study, and NCI Dichlorvos Mouse Study. The conclusions from the NCI Dichlorvos Rat Study and the NCI Dichlorvos Mouse Study are based on my examination and diagnosis of the histological sections. Statistical tests of significance were obtained with Fisher's exact test, and tests for positive linear trend and departure from linear trend.
Emerging Technologies for Degradation of Dichlorvos: A Review
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 May 28;18(11):5789.PMID:34071247DOI:10.3390/ijerph18115789.
Dichlorvos (O,O-dimethyl O-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)phosphate, DDVP) is a widely acknowledged broad-spectrum organophosphorus insecticide and acaracide. This pesticide has been used for more than four decades and is still in strong demand in many developing countries. Extensive application of DDVP in agriculture has caused severe hazardous impacts on living systems. The International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization considered DDVP among the list of 2B carcinogens, which means a certain extent of cancer risk. Hence, removing DDVP from the environment has attracted worldwide attention. Many studies have tested the removal of DDVP using different kinds of physicochemical methods including gas phase surface discharge plasma, physical adsorption, hydrodynamic cavitation, and nanoparticles. Compared to physicochemical methods, microbial degradation is regarded as an environmentally friendly approach to solve several environmental issues caused by pesticides. Till now, several DDVP-degrading microbes have been isolated and reported, including but not limited to Cunninghamella, Fusarium, Talaromyces, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Ochrobium, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Trichoderma. Moreover, the possible degradation pathways of DDVP and the transformation of several metabolites have been fully explored. In addition, there are a few studies on DDVP-degrading enzymes and the corresponding genes in microorganisms. However, further research relevant to molecular biology and genetics are still needed to explore the bioremediation of DDVP. This review summarizes the latest development in DDVP degradation and provides reasonable and scientific advice for pesticide removal in contaminated environments.
Dichlorvos-induced formation of isopeptide crosslinks between proteins in SH-SY5Y cells
Anal Biochem 2022 Oct 15;655:114844.PMID:35961399DOI:10.1016/j.ab.2022.114844.
Chlorpyrifos oxon catalyzes the crosslinking of proteins via an isopeptide bond between lysine and glutamic acid or aspartic acid in studies with purified proteins. Our goal was to determine the crosslinking activity of the organophosphorus pesticide, Dichlorvos. We developed a protocol for examining crosslinks in a complex protein mixture consisting of human SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 10 μM Dichlorvos. The steps in our protocol included immunopurification of crosslinked peptides by binding to anti-isopeptide antibody 81D1C2, stringent washing of the immobilized complex, release of bound peptides from Protein G agarose with 50% acetonitrile 1% formic acid, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry on an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos mass spectrometer, Protein Prospector searches of mass spectrometry data, and manual evaluation of candidate crosslinked dipeptides. We report a low quantity of dichlorvos-induced KD and KE crosslinked proteins in human SH-SY5Y cells exposed to Dichlorvos. Cells not treated with Dichlorvos had no detectable KD and KE crosslinked proteins. Proteins in the crosslink were low abundance proteins. In conclusion, we provide a protocol for testing complex protein mixtures for the presence of crosslinked proteins. Our protocol could be useful for testing the association between neurodegenerative disease and exposure to organophosphorus pesticides.
Review of the in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity of Dichlorvos
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2007 Dec;49(3):316-26.PMID:17936460DOI:10.1016/j.yrtph.2007.08.011.
Dichlorvos has been in widespread use as an insecticide for over 40 years, during which time its carcinogenicity and genotoxicity have been evaluated extensively. In vitro genotoxicity assays--have shown Dichlorvos to be a direct acting genotoxicant at high concentrations, consistent with its known chemical reactivity. This activity is greatly reduced in the presence of S9-mix providing auxiliary metabolic activation, again consistent with its known chemistry and metabolism. Dichlorvos has been examined in a number of in vivo genotoxicity assays using a range of cell types and endpoints, and whilst there are some reports of activity, a critical evaluation has shown that there is no convincing evidence that Dichlorvos has significant genotoxic activity in vivo under exposure conditions relevant to potential human exposures. In combination with the extensive carcinogenicity database for Dichlorvos, the weight of evidence indicates that Dichlorvos is not genotoxic under exposure conditions relevant to those that might occur in humans.
Dichlorvos--a comprehensive review of 11 rodent carcinogenicity studies
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2006 Apr;44(3):238-48.PMID:16439043DOI:10.1016/j.yrtph.2005.12.004.
Dichlorvos (DDVP) has been studied in 11 cancer bioassays. Only two studies, the National Toxicology Program (NTP) rat and mouse studies, show any indication of carcinogenic effects and these results, an increase in mononuclear cell leukemia in the rat and an increase in forestomach tumors in the mouse, appear to be related to the corn oil vehicle. The increase in mononuclear cell leukemia was confined to the male rat, was not dose-related, did not show an earlier onset than the controls, had no effect on survival, was within the range seen in historical controls, and was not confirmed in five other rat studies, four of which used higher doses. The increase in forestomach tumors in mice in the NTP study, in which DDVP was administered by corn oil gavage, was confined to the highest dose, occurred against a high background of hyperplasia and forestomach tumors in the control mice, and was not confirmed in 10 other studies. Sustained irritation from daily gavaging with the corn oil vehicle, in conjunction with this high background, likely explains this response in the forestomach, which does not exist in humans. These 11 rodent studies provide strong evidence that DDVP is not carcinogenic.