BPAM344
目录号 : GC62874
BPAM344 是红藻氨酸受体 (KAR) 亚基 GluK1b、GluK2a 和 GluK3a 的正变构调节剂 (PAM)。
Cas No.:1204572-55-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Datasheet
BPAM344 is a kainate receptor (KAR) subunits GluK1b, GluK2a, and GluK3a positive allosteric modulator (PAM)[1].
BPAM344 potentiates glutamate-evoked currents of GluK2a 21-fold at the highest concentration tested (200 μM), with an EC50 of 79 μM. BPAM344 markedly decreases desensitization kinetics (from 5.5 to 775 ms), whereas it only has a minor effect on deactivation kinetics[1]. BPAM344 (100 μM) also potentiates the peak current amplitude of KAR subunits GluK3a (59-fold), GluK2a (15-fold), GluK1b (5-fold), as well as the AMPA receptor subunit GluA1i (5-fold)[1].
[1]. Anja Probst Larsen, et al. Identification and Structure-Function Study of Positive Allosteric Modulators of Kainate Receptors. Mol Pharmacol. 2017 Jun;91(6):576-585.
| Cas No. | 1204572-55-3 | SDF | |
| 分子式 | C10H11FN2O2S | 分子量 | 242.27 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO : 250 mg/mL (1031.91 mM; Need ultrasonic) | 储存条件 | 4°C, protect from light |
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 4.1276 mL | 20.6381 mL | 41.2763 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8255 mL | 4.1276 mL | 8.2553 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4128 mL | 2.0638 mL | 4.1276 mL |
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Positive and negative allosteric modulation of GluK2 kainate receptors by BPAM344 and antiepileptic perampanel
Cell Rep 2023 Feb 21;42(2):112124.PMID:36857176DOI:10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112124.
Kainate receptors (KARs) are a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors that control synaptic transmission in the central nervous system and are implicated in neurological, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Understanding the regulation of KAR function by small molecules is essential for exploring these receptors as drug targets. Here, we present cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of KAR GluK2 in complex with the positive allosteric modulator BPAM344, competitive antagonist DNQX, and negative allosteric modulator, antiepileptic drug perampanel. Our structures show that two BPAM344 molecules bind per ligand-binding domain dimer interface. In the absence of an agonist or in the presence of DNQX, BPAM344 stabilizes GluK2 in the closed state. The closed state is also stabilized by perampanel, which binds to the ion channel extracellular collar sites located in two out of four GluK2 subunits. The molecular mechanisms of positive and negative allosteric modulation of KAR provide a guide for developing new therapeutic strategies.
Identification and Structure-Function Study of Positive Allosteric Modulators of Kainate Receptors
Mol Pharmacol 2017 Jun;91(6):576-585.PMID:28360094DOI:10.1124/mol.116.107599.
Kainate receptors (KARs) consist of a class of ionotropic glutamate receptors, which exert diverse pre- and postsynaptic functions through complex signaling regulating the activity of neural circuits. Whereas numerous small-molecule positive allosteric modulators of the ligand-binding domain of (S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (AMPA) receptors have been reported, no such ligands are available for KARs. In this study, we investigated the ability of three benzothiadiazine-based modulators to potentiate glutamate-evoked currents at recombinantly expressed KARs. 4-cyclopropyl-7-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (BPAM344) potentiated glutamate-evoked currents of GluK2a 21-fold at the highest concentration tested (200 μM), with an EC50 of 79 μM. BPAM344 markedly decreased desensitization kinetics (from 5.5 to 775 ms), whereas it only had a minor effect on deactivation kinetics. 4-cyclopropyl-7-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (BPAM521) potentiated the recorded peak current amplitude of GluK2a 12-fold at a concentration of 300 μM with an EC50 value of 159 μM, whereas no potentiation of the glutamate-evoked response was observed for 7-chloro-4-(2-fluoroethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (BPAM121) at the highest concentration of modulator tested (300 μM). BPAM344 (100 μM) also potentiated the peak current amplitude of KAR subunits GluK3a (59-fold), GluK2a (15-fold), GluK1b (5-fold), as well as the AMPA receptor subunit GluA1i (5-fold). X-ray structures of the three modulators in the GluK1 ligand-binding domain were determined, locating two modulator-binding sites at the GluK1 dimer interface. In conclusion, this study may enable the design of new positive allosteric modulators selective for KARs, which will be of great interest for further investigation of the function of KARs in vivo and may prove useful for pharmacologically controlling the activity of neuronal networks.
Enthalpy-Entropy Compensation in the Binding of Modulators at Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor GluA2
Biophys J 2016 Jun 7;110(11):2397-2406.PMID:27276258DOI:10.1016/j.bpj.2016.04.032.
The 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide type of positive allosteric modulators of the ionotropic glutamate receptor A2 (GluA2) are promising lead compounds for the treatment of cognitive disorders, e.g., Alzheimer's disease. The modulators bind in a cleft formed by the interface of two neighboring ligand binding domains and act by stabilizing the agonist-bound open-channel conformation. The driving forces behind the binding of these modulators can be significantly altered with only minor substitutions to the parent molecules. In this study, we show that changing the 7-fluorine substituent of modulators BPAM97 (2) and BPAM344 (3) into a hydroxyl group (BPAM557 (4) and BPAM521 (5), respectively), leads to a more favorable binding enthalpy (ΔH, kcal/mol) from -4.9 (2) and -7.5 (3) to -6.2 (4) and -14.5 (5), but also a less favorable binding entropy (-TΔS, kcal/mol) from -2.3 (2) and -1.3 (3) to -0.5 (4) and 4.8 (5). Thus, the dissociation constants (Kd, μM) of 4 (11.2) and 5 (0.16) are similar to those of 2 (5.6) and 3 (0.35). Functionally, 4 and 5 potentiated responses of 10 μM L-glutamate at homomeric rat GluA2(Q)i receptors with EC50 values of 67.3 and 2.45 μM, respectively. The binding mode of 5 was examined with x-ray crystallography, showing that the only change compared to that of earlier compounds was the orientation of Ser-497 pointing toward the hydroxyl group of 5. The favorable enthalpy can be explained by the formation of a hydrogen bond from the side-chain hydroxyl group of Ser-497 to the hydroxyl group of 5, whereas the unfavorable entropy might be due to desolvation effects combined with a conformational restriction of Ser-497 and 5. In summary, this study shows a remarkable example of enthalpy-entropy compensation in drug development accompanied with a likely explanation of the underlying structural mechanism.
Development of Thiochroman Dioxide Analogues of Benzothiadiazine Dioxides as New Positive Allosteric Modulators of α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid (AMPA) Receptors
ACS Chem Neurosci 2021 Jul 21;12(14):2679-2692.PMID:34242002DOI:10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00255.
On the basis of the activity of 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides as positive allosteric modulators of AMPA receptors, thiochroman 1,1-dioxides were designed applying the isosteric replacement concept. The new compounds expressed strong modulatory activity on AMPA receptors in vitro, although lower than their corresponding benzothiadiazine analogues. The pharmacokinetic profile of three thiochroman 1,1-dioxides (12a, 12b, 12e) was examined in vivo after oral administration, showing that these compounds freely cross the blood-brain barrier. Structural analysis was achieved using X-ray crystallography after cocrystallization of the racemic compound 12b in complex with the ligand-binding domain of GluA2 (L504Y/N775S). Interestingly, both enantiomers of 12b were found to interact with the GluA2 dimer interface, almost identically to its benzothiadiazine analogue, BPAM344 (4). The interactions of the two enantiomers in the cocrystal were further analyzed (mapping Hirshfeld surfaces and 2D fingerprint) and compared to those of 4. Taken together, these data explain the lower affinity on AMPA receptors of thiochroman 1,1-dioxides compared to their corresponding 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides.