GSK J4 HCl
(Synonyms: GSK-J4盐酸盐) 目录号 : GC15497
Prodrug of a selective H3K27 histone demethylase inhibitor
Cas No.:1797983-09-5
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
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Cell lines |
Human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs, ATCC SCRC-1041) cells |
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Preparation Method |
The T. gondii tachyzoites were maintained by repeat passage in monolayers of HFFs grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% (v/v) FBS and a cocktail of 1% (v/v) penicillin-streptomycin -glutamine at 37 °C and 5% CO2 . |
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Reaction Conditions |
GSK J4 HCl with initial concentration of 100 μM in the culture medium was added to the first column of HFFs (~ 250 cells/well) in a 96-well half-area plate and then diluted serially across the plate by 2-fold dilutions, leaving the final column drug-free. Fifty tachyzoites were then added at a MOI of 1:5 to each well in six of the eight rows. After a 72h incubation, CPRG was added, and the absorbance was measured at 570 nm. Moreover, to measure the effect of each compound on the viability of host cells, CCK8 reagent was added to the two rows of uninfected HFFs and absorbance at 450 nm was measured after 2 h. |
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Applications |
GSK-J4 HCl could inhibit T. gondii and show ability against toxoplasmosis. |
| Animal experiment [1]: | |
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Animal models |
Female BALB/c mice (6–8 weeks old, ~20 g) |
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Preparation Method |
Mice were divided into 4 groups consisting of 15 mice each and injected intraperitoneally with 103 RH strains per animal. GSK J4 HCl were dissolved in DMSO and diluted in PBS prior to feeding to mice. After 4 h of infection, mice were orally administered with GSK J4 HCl for 5 consecutive days and were monitored for 30 days. Mice treated with pyrimethamine (50 mg/kg) were used as a positive control, and 1 ml PBS containing 11 μl of DMSO was used as a negative control. |
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Dosage form |
50 mg/kg |
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Applications |
GSK J4 HCl could significantly elongate the survival time in acute murine toxoplasmosis model. GSK-J4 HCl is a promising candidate for the treatment and prevention of toxoplasmosis. |
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References: [1]. Liu S, et al. Two old drugs, NVP-AEW541 and GSK-J4, repurposed against the Toxoplasma gondii RH strain. Parasit Vectors. 2020 May 11;13(1):242. |
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GSK-J4 HCl is a small-molecule inhibitor with highly efficient cell permeability and a pharmacologically selective inhibitor that preserves H3K27 methylation by inhibiting KDM6B. GSK-J4 HCl acts by interacting with α-ketoglutarate binding at the catalytic site of KDM6B. In addition, treatment with GSK-J4 HCl induced cell cycle arrest and cell death in different kinds of cancer cells with dismal toxicity to normal cells.
In vitro experiment indicated that GSK-J4 HCl could inhibit T. gondii at IC50 values of 2.37 μM. In addition, the TD50 value of GSK-J4 HCl against HFF was 34.6 μM. Based on these results, the calculated in vitro TI was 14.6 for GSK-J4 HCl. These data suggest that GSK-J4 HCl is a potent drug candidate against toxoplasmosis. In vivo study indicated that GSK J4 HCl could significantly elongate the survival time in acute murine toxoplasmosis model. Moreover, GSK-J4 HCl is a promising candidate for the treatment and prevention of toxoplasmosis.[1]
References:
[1].Liu S, et al. Two old drugs, NVP-AEW541 and GSK-J4, repurposed against the Toxoplasma gondii RH strain. Parasit Vectors. 2020 May 11;13(1):242.
GSK-J4 HCl 是一种小分子抑制剂，具有高效的细胞渗透性和药理学选择性抑制剂，可通过抑制 KDM6B 来保持 H3K27 甲基化。 GSK-J4 HCl 通过与 KDM6B 催化位点的 α-酮戊二酸结合相互作用发挥作用。此外，GSK-J4 HCl处理可诱导不同类型癌细胞的细胞周期停滞和细胞死亡，对正常细胞具有不良毒性。
体外实验表明，GSK-J4 HCl 可以抑制弓形虫，IC50 值为 2.37 μM。此外，GSK-J4 HCl 对 HFF 的 TD50 值为 34.6 μM。基于这些结果，计算出的 GSK-J4 HCl 体外 TI 为 14.6。这些数据表明 GSK-J4 HCl 是一种有效的抗弓形虫病候选药物。体内研究表明，GSK J4 HCl 可显着延长急性小鼠弓形虫病模型的存活时间。此外，GSK-J4 HCl 有望成为治疗和预防弓形虫病的候选药物。[1]
| Cas No. | 1797983-09-5 | SDF | |
| 别名 | GSK-J4盐酸盐 | ||
| 化学名 | ethyl 3-[[2-pyridin-2-yl-6-(1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepin-3-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]amino]propanoate | ||
| Canonical SMILES | CCOC(=O)CCNC1=NC(=NC(=C1)N2CCC3=CC=CC=C3CC2)C4=CC=CC=N4.Cl | ||
| 分子式 | C24H27N5O2.HCl | 分子量 | 453.96 |
| 溶解度 | ≥ 13.9 mg/mL in DMSO, <2.53 mg/mL in EtOH, <2.4 mg/mL in Water | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.2028 mL | 11.0142 mL | 22.0284 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4406 mL | 2.2028 mL | 4.4057 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2203 mL | 1.1014 mL | 2.2028 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Synergy of GSK-J4 With Doxorubicin in KRAS-Mutant Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Front Pharmacol2020 May 13;11:632.PMID: 32477122DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00632
Background: Anaplastic thyroid cancer is the most aggressive thyroid cancer and has a poor prognosis. At present, there is no effective treatment for it.
Methods: Here, we used different concentrations of GSK-J4 or a combination of GSK-J4 and doxorubicin to treat human Cal-62, 8505C, and 8305C anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cell lines. The in vitro experiments were performed using cell viability assays, cell cycle assays, annexin-V/PI binding assays, Transwell migration assays, and wound-healing assays. Tumor xenograft models were used to observe effects in vivo.
Results: The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of GSK-J4 in Cal-62 cells was 1.502 μM, and as the dose of GSK-J4 increased, more ATC cells were blocked in the G2-M and S stage. The combination of GSK-J4 and doxorubicin significantly increased the inhibitory effect on proliferation, especially in KRAS-mutant ATC cells in vivo (inhibition rate 38.0%) and in vitro (suppresses rate Fa value 0.624, CI value 0.673). The invasion and migration abilities of the KRAS-mutant cell line were inhibited at a low concentration (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The combination of GSK-J4 with doxorubicin in KRAS-mutant ATC achieved tumor-suppressive effects at a low dose. The synergy of the combination of GSK-J4 and doxorubicin may make it an effective chemotherapy regimen for KRAS-mutant ATC.
GSK-J4 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via ER stress and the synergism between GSK-J4 and decitabine in acute myeloid leukemia KG-1a cells
Cancer Cell Int2020 Jun 3;20:209.PMID: 32514253DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01297-6
Background: GSK-J4 is the inhibitor of H3K27me3 demethylase. Recent studies demonstrated that GSK-J4 could affect the proliferation and apoptosis of a variety of cancer cells. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of GSK-J4 on the proliferation and apoptosis of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) KG-1a cells have not been explored thoroughly.
Methods: The effect of GSK-J4 on cell proliferation was assessed with CCK8, while cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry. The proteins related to cell cycle, cell apoptosis, endoplastic reticulum (ER) stress and PKC-α/p-Bcl2 pathway were detected by Western blotting. The expression level of PKC-α mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time PCR.ER stress inhibitor 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA) was used to explore the role of ER stress in GSK-J4 induced cell-cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. The combination effects of Decitabine and GSK-J4 on KG-1a cells proliferation and apoptosis were also evaluated by CCK8, flow cytometry and immunoblot analysis.
Results: GSK-J4 reduced cell viability and arrested cell cycle progression at the S phase by decreasing the expression of CyclinD1 and CyclinA2 and increasing that of P21. Moreover, GSK-J4 enhanced the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (cle-caspase-9 and bax) and inhibited PKC-a/p-Bcl2 pathway to promote cell apoptosis. In addition, ER stress-related proteins (caspase-12, GRP78 and ATF4) were increased markedly after exposure to GSK-J4. The effects of GSK-J4 on cell cycle, apoptosis and PKC-a/p-Bcl2 pathway were attenuated after treatment with ER stress inhibitor. Furthermore, decitabine could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of KG-1a cells after combined treatment with GSK-J4.
Conclusion: Taken together, this study provided evidence that ER stress could regulate the process of GSK-J4-induced cell cycle arrest, cell apoptosis and PKC-α/p-bcl2 pathway inhibition and demonstrated a potential combinatory effect of decitabine and GSK-J4 on leukemic cell proliferation and apoptosis.
GSK-J4-Mediated Transcriptomic Alterations in Differentiating Embryoid Bodies
Mol Cells2017 Oct;40(10):737-751.PMID: 29047260DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0069
Histone-modifying enzymes are key players in the field of cellular differentiation. Here, we used GSK-J4 to profile important target genes that are responsible for neural differentiation. Embryoid bodies were treated with retinoic acid (10 μM) to induce neural differentiation in the presence or absence of GSK-J4. To profile GSKJ4-target genes, we performed RNA sequencing for both normal and demethylase-inhibited cells. A total of 47 and 58 genes were up- and down-regulated, respectively, after GSK-J4 exposure at a log2-fold-change cut-off value of 1.2 (p-value < 0.05). Functional annotations of all of the differentially expressed genes revealed that a significant number of genes were associated with the suppression of cellular proliferation, cell cycle progression and induction of cell death. We also identified an enrichment of potent motifs in selected genes that were differentially expressed. Additionally, we listed upstream transcriptional regulators of all of the differentially expressed genes. Our data indicate that GSK-J4 affects cellular biology by inhibiting cellular proliferation through cell cycle suppression and induction of cell death. These findings will expand the current understanding of the biology of histone-modifying enzymes, thereby promoting further investigations to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
The antischistosomal potential of GSK-J4, an H3K27 demethylase inhibitor: insights from molecular modeling, transcriptomics and in vitro assays
Parasit Vectors2020 Mar 17;13(1):140.PMID: 32178714DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-4000-z
Background: Schistosomiasis chemotherapy is largely based on praziquantel (PZQ). Although PZQ is very safe and tolerable, it does not prevent reinfection and emerging resistance is a primary concern. Recent studies have shown that the targeting of epigenetic machinery in Schistosoma mansoni may result in severe alterations in parasite development, leading to death. This new route for drug discovery in schistosomiasis has focused on classes of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetyltransferases (HATs) as epigenetic drug targets. Schistosoma histone demethylases also seem to be important in the transition of cercariae into schistosomula, as well as sexual differentiation in adult worms.
Methods: The Target-Pathogen database and molecular docking assays were used to prioritize the druggability of S. mansoni histone demethylases. The transcription profile of Smp_03400 was re-analyzed using available databases. The effect of GSK-J4 inhibitor in schistosomula and adult worms' motility/viability/oviposition was assessed by in vitro assays. Ultrastructural analysis was performed on adult worms exposed to GSK-J4 by scanning electron microscopy, while internal structures and muscle fiber integrity was investigated by confocal microscopy after Langeron's carmine or phalloidin staining.
Results: The present evaluation of the potential druggability of 14 annotated S. mansoni demethylase enzymes identified the S. mansoni ortholog of human KDM6A/UTX (Smp_034000) as the most suitable druggable target. In silico analysis and molecular modeling indicated the potential for cofactor displacement by the chemical probe GSK-J4. Our re-analysis of transcriptomic data revealed that Smp_034000 expression peaks at 24 h in newly transformed schistosomula and 5-week-old adult worms. Moreover, this gene was highly expressed in the testes of mature male worms compared to the rest of the parasite body. In in vitro schistosome cultures, treatment with GSK-J4 produced striking effects on schistosomula mortality and adult worm motility and mortality, as well as egg oviposition, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Unexpectedly, western blot assays did not demonstrate overall modulation of H3K27me3 levels in response to GSK-J4. Confocal and scanning electron microscopy revealed the loss of original features in muscle fibers and alterations in cell-cell contact following GSK-J4 treatment.
Conclusions: GSK-J4 presents promising potential for antischistosomal control; however, the underlying mechanisms warrant further investigation.
Oncogenic KRAS Sensitizes Lung Adenocarcinoma to GSK-J4-Induced Metabolic and Oxidative Stress
Cancer Res2019 Nov 15;79(22):5849-5859.PMID: 31506334DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-3511
Genetic and epigenetic changes (e.g., histone methylation) contribute to cancer development and progression, but our understanding of whether and how specific mutations affect a cancer's sensitivity to histone demethylase (KDM) inhibitors is limited. Here, we evaluated the effects of a panel of KDM inhibitors on lung adenocarcinomas (LuAC) with various mutations. Notably, LuAC lines harboring KRAS mutations showed hypersensitivity to the histone H3K27 demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4. Specifically, GSK-J4 treatment of KRAS mutant-containing LuAC downregulated cell-cycle progression genes with increased H3K27me3. In addition, GSK-J4 upregulated expression of genes involved in glutamine/glutamate transport and metabolism. In line with this, GSK-J4 reduced cellular levels of glutamate, a key source of the TCA cycle intermediate α-ketoglutarate (αKG) and of the antioxidant glutathione, leading to reduced cell viability. Supplementation with an αKG analogue or glutathione protected KRAS-mutant LuAC cells from GSK-J4-mediated reductions in viability, suggesting GSK-J4 exerts its anticancer effects by inducing metabolic and oxidative stress. Importantly, KRAS knockdown in mutant LuAC lines prevented GSK-J4-induced decrease in glutamate levels and reduced their susceptibility to GSK-J4, whereas overexpression of oncogenic KRAS in wild-type LuAC lines sensitized them to GSK-J4. Collectively, our study uncovers a novel association between a genetic mutation and KDM inhibitor sensitivity and identifies the underlying mechanisms. This suggests GSK-J4 as a potential treatment option for cancer patients with KRAS mutations. SIGNIFICANCE: This study not only provides a novel association between KRAS mutation and GSK-J4 sensitivity but also demonstrates the underlying mechanisms, suggesting a potential use of GSK-J4 in cancer patients with KRAS mutations.