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Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid (sodium salt) Sale

(Synonyms: 甘氨鹅脱氧胆酸钠; Chenodeoxycholylglycine sodium salt; Sodium glycochenodeoxycholate) 目录号 : GC43776

A primary bile acid

Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid (sodium salt) Chemical Structure

Cas No.:16564-43-5

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25mg
¥268.00
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100mg
¥495.00
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500mg
¥1,609.00
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产品描述

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) is a glycine-conjugated form of the primary bile acid chenodeoxycholic acid. It acts as a biosurfactant to solubilize lipids for absorption and is itself absorbed. GCDCA functions as a choleretic, increasing the volume of bile secreted from the liver, and a cholagogue, promoting the discharge of bile from the digestive system. GCDCA has been used to demonstrate a role for bile acids in promoting colorectal carcinogenesis and to inhibit calcium hydroxyapatite precipitation to study the pathogenesis of black pigment gallstones.

Chemical Properties

Cas No. 16564-43-5 SDF
别名 甘氨鹅脱氧胆酸钠; Chenodeoxycholylglycine sodium salt; Sodium glycochenodeoxycholate
Canonical SMILES O[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(C)[C@@](C[C@@H](O)[C@]3([H])[C@]2([H])CC[C@@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]4([H])[C@H](C)CCC(NCC([O-])=O)=O)([H])C1.[Na+]
分子式 C26H42NO5•Na 分子量 471.6
溶解度 Soluble in DMSO 储存条件 Store at -20°C
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1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.1204 mL 10.6022 mL 21.2044 mL
5 mM 0.4241 mL 2.1204 mL 4.2409 mL
10 mM 0.212 mL 1.0602 mL 2.1204 mL
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Research Update

Effect of Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid on unidirectional transepithelial fluxes of electrolytes in the perfused human ileum

Scand J Gastroenterol 1977;12(2):199-204.PMID:847387doi

Perfusion studies of the terminal ileum were performed in healthy volunteers to define the influence of a dihydroxy bile acid, Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid (GCDC) 2.5 mmol/l, on the mechanisms of electrolyte transport. Net movements of water and electrolytes, bidirectional fluxes of sodium, potassium, and chloride, and the transmural electrical potential difference (PD) were measured simultaneously. The results supported the notion of an active mechanism for sodium and chloride transfer. GCDC evoked net secretion of water and electrolytes, and decreased the mucosa to serosa flux of chloride, There was a tendency that the latter also applied to sodium and potassium. During bile acid perfusion active secretion of chloride occurred. PD was 16 +/- 4 mV, lumen negative, and was not influenced by GCDC. In conclusion, we propose a model for the GCDC effect.

Bile acid salt binding with colesevelam HCl is not affected by suspension in common beverages

J Pharm Sci 2006 Dec;95(12):2751-9.PMID:16937334DOI:10.1002/jps.20734.

It has been previously reported that anions in common beverages may bind to bile acid sequestrants (BAS), reducing their capacity for binding bile acid salts. This study examined the ability of the novel BAS colesevelam hydrochloride (HCl), in vitro, to bind bile acid sodium salts following suspension in common beverages. Equilibrium binding was evaluated under conditions of constant time and varying concentrations of bile acid salts in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). A stock solution of sodium salts of Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid (GCDC), taurodeoxycholic acid (TDC), and glycocholic acid (GC), was added to each prepared sample of colesevelam HCl. Bile acid salt binding was calculated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Kinetics experiments were conducted using constant initial bile acid salt concentrations and varying binding times. The affinity, capacity, and kinetics of colesevelam HCl binding for GCDC, TDC, and GC were not significantly altered after suspension in water, carbonated water, Coca-Cola, Sprite, grape juice, orange juice, tomato juice, or Gatorade. The amount of bile acid sodium salt bound as a function of time was unchanged by pretreatment with any beverage tested. The in vitro binding characteristics of colesevelam HCl are unchanged by suspension in common beverages.

Comparative evaluation of in vitro efficacy of colesevelam hydrochloride tablets

Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014 Sep;40(9):1173-9.PMID:23805883DOI:10.3109/03639045.2013.809534.

Context: Colesevelam hydrochloride is used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to reduce elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in patients with primary hyperlipidemia as well as to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. This is likely to result in submission of abbreviated new drug applications (ANDA). Objective: This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of two tablet products of colesevelam hydrochloride based on the in vitro binding of bile acid sodium salts of glycocholic acid (GC), Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid (GCDA) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA). Methods: Kinetic binding study was carried out with constant initial bile salt concentrations as a function of time. Equilibrium binding studies were conducted under conditions of constant incubation time and varying initial concentrations of bile acid sodium salts. The unbound concentration of bile salts was determined in the samples of these studies. Langmuir equation was utilized to calculate the binding constants k1 and k2. Results: The amount of the three bile salts bound to both the products reached equilibrium at 3 h. The similarity factor (f2) was 99.5 based on the binding profile of total bile salts to the test and reference colesevelam tablets as a function of time. The 90% confidence interval for the test to reference ratio of k2 values were 96.06-112.07 which is within the acceptance criteria of 80-120%. Conclusion: It is concluded from the results that the test and reference tablets of colesevelam hydrochloride showed a similar in vitro binding profile and capacity to bile salts.

Endogenous bile acid disposition in rat and human sandwich-cultured hepatocytes

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012 May 15;261(1):1-9.PMID:22342602DOI:10.1016/j.taap.2012.02.002.

Sandwich-cultured hepatocytes (SCH) are used commonly to investigate hepatic transport protein-mediated uptake and biliary excretion of substrates. However, little is known about the disposition of endogenous bile acids (BAs) in SCH. In this study, four endogenous conjugated BAs common to rats and humans [taurocholic acid (TCA), glycocholic acid (GCA), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), and Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid (GCDCA)], as well as two BA species specific to rodents (α- and β-tauromuricholic acid; α/β TMCA), were profiled in primary rat and human SCH. Using B-CLEAR® technology, BAs were measured in cells+bile canaliculi, cells, and medium of SCH by LC-MS/MS. Results indicated that, just as in vivo, taurine-conjugated BA species were predominant in rat SCH, while glycine-conjugated BAs were predominant in human SCH. Total intracellular BAs remained relatively constant over days in culture in rat SCH. Total BAs in control (CTL) cells+bile, cells, and medium were approximately 3.4, 2.9, and 8.3-fold greater in human than in rat. The estimated intracellular concentrations of the measured total BAs were 64.3±5.9 μM in CTL rat and 183±56 μM in CTL human SCH, while medium concentrations of the total BAs measured were 1.16±0.21 μM in CTL rat SCH and 9.61±6.36 μM in CTL human SCH. Treatment of cells for 24h with 10 μM troglitazone (TRO), an inhibitor of the bile salt export pump (BSEP) and the Na⁺-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP), had no significant effect on endogenous BAs measured at the end of the 24-h culture period, potentially due to compensatory mechanisms that maintain BA homeostasis. These data demonstrate that BAs in SCH are similar to in vivo, and that SCH may be a useful in vitro model to study alterations in BA disposition if species differences are taken into account.

Bile acid transport in cultured rat hepatocytes

Am J Physiol 1982 Dec;243(6):G484-92.PMID:7149031DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.1982.243.6.G484.

The mechanisms of bile acid uptake have been studied with primary monolayer cultures of rat hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were incubated with taurocholic acid (TC), glycocholic acid (GC), cholic acid (CA), Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid (GCDC), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), deoxycholic acid (DOCA), lithocholic acid (LCA), or cholylglycylhistamine (CCH), a neutral bile acid derivative for 10 s to 60 min in medium containing sodium chloride, sodium chloride with 1 mM ouabain, or choline chloride. Cells were washed free of radioactive tracer, cell-associated radioactivity was quantitated, and bile acid uptake rates, kinetic parameters of uptake, and steady-state bile acid content were calculated. Two mechanisms for bile acid uptake were identified. Uptake of TC, GC, CA, and GCDC occurred predominantly via a sodium-dependent, ouabain-suppressible saturable mechanism, presumably sodium-coupled transport. Estimates of apparent Km and Vmax for these bile acids were TC, 33 micro M and 0.36 nmol . min-1 . mg prot-1; GC, 18 micro M and 0.22 nmol . min-1 . mg prot-1; CA, 13 micro M and 0.10 nmol . min-1 . mg prot; and GCDC, 6 micro M and 0.21 nmol . min-1 . mg prot, respectively. Uptake via this sodium-coupled mechanism exhibited considerable substrate selectivity. It was enhanced by increased ring hydroxylation and amino acid conjugation and decreased by further conjugation with a neutral histamine group (CGH). In contrast, uptake of CDCA, DOCA, LCA, and CGH occurred primarily via a nonsaturable sodium-independent mechanism, possibly simple diffusion. This mechanism accounted for only a small portion of uptake of TC, GC, CA, and GCDC at low bile acid concentrations. Nonsaturable bile acid uptake rates appeared to correlate with decane-buffer partition coefficients and to be related to bile acid structure.