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Extracellular Death Factor Sale

(Synonyms: EDF) 目录号 : GC43645

A quorum-sensing signal peptide

Extracellular Death Factor Chemical Structure

Cas No.:960129-66-2

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产品描述

Programmed cell death in bacteria is dependent on a system of cell-to-cell communication termed quorum sensing. Extracellular death factor (EDF) is a linear pentapeptide that communicating cells produce and release, which upon reaching a sufficient concentration activates the cell death pathway in a subset of cells. It is sensitive to extreme pH, high temperatures, and other stressful conditions. At 2.5 ng/ml, EDF has been shown to facilitate mazEF-mediated cell death, significantly reducing population size in E. coli cultures.

Chemical Properties

Cas No. 960129-66-2 SDF
别名 EDF
Canonical SMILES NC(C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC([C@H](CC(N)=O)NC([C@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)NC([C@@H](NC([C@H](CC(N)=O)N)=O)CC(N)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O
分子式 C27H36N10O10 分子量 660.6
溶解度 DMF: Soluble,DMSO: Soluble,Ethanol: Soluble,Methanol: Soluble,Water: Soluble 储存条件 Store at -20°C
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1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.5138 mL 7.5689 mL 15.1378 mL
5 mM 0.3028 mL 1.5138 mL 3.0276 mL
10 mM 0.1514 mL 0.7569 mL 1.5138 mL
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Research Update

The Extracellular Death Factor (EDF) protects Escherichia coli by scavenging hydroxyl radicals induced by bactericidal antibiotics

Springerplus 2015 Apr 16;4:182.PMID:25932369DOI:10.1186/s40064-015-0968-9.

The newly discovered Extracellular Death Factor (EDF) is a pentapeptide with the sequence NNWNN in Escherichia coli. It was reported that it participated in the cell death process mediated by toxin-antitoxin system mazEF. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are recently considered as common factors for bactericidal antibiotics-mediated cell death. Previous study indicated that EDF could scavenge hydroxyl radicals and might act as a signal molecule with dual effects, "death" and "survival". But the structure-activity relationship of EDF and the effects of EDF on the activity of antibiotics remain unclear. In the present study, our results indicated that tryptophan could be the key residue to the hydroxyl radicals-scavenging activity of EDF, and EDF could protect Escherichia coli from killing by bactericidal antibiotics, but not by DNA-damaging or bacteriostatic antibiotics. Our results could provide novel evidence to understand the role of EDF in drug-resistance.

Antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activity of the Extracellular Death Factor in Escherichia coli

Peptides 2010 Oct;31(10):1821-5.PMID:20621143DOI:10.1016/j.peptides.2010.06.034.

The Extracellular Death Factor (EDF) is a newly discovered linear pentapeptide with the sequence of H-Asn-Asn-Trp-Asn-Asn-OH (NNWNN). It could act as a quorum-sensing molecule and participate in the mazEF-mediated cell death in Escherichia coli. In the present study, we firstly studied the antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities of EDF. EDF could scavenge hydroxyl radicals in vitro and protect protein, lipid and DNA from being damaged by hydroxyl radicals. Our results indicated that this Extracellular Death Factor might have dual effects during the programmed cell death process of Escherichia coli.

The Extracellular Death Factor: physiological and genetic factors influencing its production and response in Escherichia coli

J Bacteriol 2008 May;190(9):3169-75.PMID:18310334DOI:10.1128/JB.01918-07.

Gene pairs specific for a toxin and its antitoxin are called toxin-antitoxin modules and are found on the chromosomes of many bacteria. The most studied of these modules is Escherichia coli mazEF, in which mazF encodes a stable toxin, MazF, and mazE encodes a labile antitoxin, MazE, which prevents the lethal effect of MazF. In a previous report from this laboratory, it was shown that mazEF-mediated cell death is a population phenomenon requiring a quorum-sensing peptide called the Extracellular Death Factor (EDF). EDF is the linear pentapeptide NNWNN (32). Here, we further confirm that EDF is a signal molecule in a mixed population. In addition, we characterize some physiological conditions and genes required for EDF production and response. Furthermore, stress response and the gene specifying MazEF, the Zwf (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) gene, and the protease ClpXP are critical in EDF production. Significant strain differences in EDF production and response explain variations in the induction of mazEF-mediated cell death.