Atabecestat
(Synonyms: JNJ-54861911) 目录号 : GC39341
Atabecestat (JNJ-54861911) 是一种有效的脑渗透型和具有口服活性 β-位淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白裂解酶 1 (BACE1) 抑制剂，可强力降低脑脊液中的 Aβ 蛋白表达降低。Atabecestat (JNJ-54861911) 具有耐受性，并具有持续的药代动力学 (PK) 和药效学 (PD) 特征。Atabecestat (JNJ-54861911) 有潜力用于阿尔茨海默氏病的研究。
Cas No.:1200493-78-2
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Atabecestat (JNJ-54861911) is a potent brain-penetrant and orally active β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) inhibitor, achieves robust and high CSF Aβ reduction. Atabecestat (JNJ-54861911) is tolerated and displays a sustained pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics. Atabecestat (JNJ-54861911) has the potential for Alzheimer's Disease treatment[1].
[1]. Timmers M, et al. Profiling the dynamics of CSF and plasma Aβ reduction after treatment with JNJ-54861911, a potent oral BACE inhibitor.Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2016 Aug 24;2(3):202-212.
| Cas No. | 1200493-78-2 | SDF | |
| 别名 | JNJ-54861911 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(C1=NC=C(C#N)C=C1)NC2=CC=C(F)C([C@@]3(C)N=C(N)SC=C3)=C2 | ||
| 分子式 | C18H14FN5OS | 分子量 | 367.4 |
| 溶解度 | DMSO: 250 mg/mL (680.46 mM) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.7218 mL | 13.6091 mL | 27.2183 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5444 mL | 2.7218 mL | 5.4437 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2722 mL | 1.3609 mL | 2.7218 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Discovery of Atabecestat (JNJ-54861911): A Thiazine-Based β-Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme 1 Inhibitor Advanced to the Phase 2b/3 EARLY Clinical Trial
J Med Chem 2021 Feb 25;64(4):1873-1888.PMID:33588527DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01917.
Accumulation of amyloid β peptides (Aβ) is thought to be one of the causal factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aspartyl protease β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is the rate-limiting protease for Aβ production, and therefore, BACE1 inhibition is a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of AD. Starting with a dihydro-1,3-thiazine-based lead, Compound J, we discovered Atabecestat 1 (JNJ-54861911) as a centrally efficacious BACE1 inhibitor that was advanced into the EARLY Phase 2b/3 clinical trial for the treatment of preclinical AD patients. Compound 1 demonstrated robust and dose-dependent Aβ reduction and showed sufficient safety margins in preclinical models. The potential of reactive metabolite formation was evaluated in a covalent binding study to assess its irreversible binding to human hepatocytes. Unfortunately, the EARLY trial was discontinued due to significant elevation of liver enzymes, and subsequent analysis of the clinical outcomes showed dose-related cognitive worsening.
Long-term safety and tolerability of Atabecestat (JNJ-54861911), an oral BACE1 inhibitor, in early Alzheimer's disease spectrum patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study and a two-period extension study
Alzheimers Res Ther 2020 May 14;12(1):58.PMID:32410694DOI:10.1186/s13195-020-00614-5.
Background: Atabecestat, a potent brain-penetrable inhibitor of BACE1 activity that reduces CSF amyloid beta (Aβ), was developed for oral treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The long-term safety and effect of Atabecestat on cognitive performance in participants with predementia AD in two phase 2 studies were assessed. Methods: In the placebo-controlled double-blind parent ALZ2002 study, participants aged 50 to 85 years were randomized (1:1:1) to placebo or Atabecestat 10 or 50 mg once daily (later reduced to 5 and 25 mg) for 6 months. Participants entered ALZ2004, a 12-month treatment extension with placebo or Atabecestat 10 or 25 mg, followed by an open-label phase. Safety, changes in CSF biomarker levels, brain volume, and effects on cognitive performance were assessed. Results: Of 114 participants randomized in ALZ2002, 99 (87%) completed, 90 entered the ALZ2004 double-blind phase, and 77 progressed to the open-label phase. CSF Aβ fragments and sAPPβ were reduced dose-proportionately. Decreases in whole brain and hippocampal volumes were greater in participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD than in preclinical AD, but were not affected by treatment. In ALZ2004, change from baseline in RBANS trended toward worse scores for Atabecestat versus placebo. Elevated liver enzyme adverse events reported in 12 participants on Atabecestat resulted in dosage modification and increased frequency of safety monitoring. Treatment discontinuation normalized ALT or AST in all except one with pretreatment elevation, which remained mildly elevated. No case met ALT/AST > 3× ULN and total bilirubin > 2× ULN (Hy's law). Conclusion: Atabecestat was associated with trend toward declines in cognition, and elevation of liver enzymes. Trial registration: ALZ2002: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02260674, registered October 9, 2014; ALZ2004: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02406027, registered April 1, 2015.
Drug-specific T-cell responses in patients with liver injury following treatment with the BACE inhibitor Atabecestat
Allergy 2021 Jun;76(6):1825-1835.PMID:33150583DOI:10.1111/all.14652.
Background: Atabecestat is an orally administered BACE inhibitor developed to treat Alzheimer's disease. Elevations in hepatic enzymes were detected in a number of in trial patients, which resulted in termination of the drug development programme. Immunohistochemical characterization of liver tissue from an index case of atabecestat-mediated liver injury revealed an infiltration of T-lymphocytes in areas of hepatocellular damage. This coupled with the fact that liver injury had a delayed onset suggests that the adaptive immune system may be involved in the pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to generate and characterize Atabecestat(metabolite)-responsive T-cell clones from patients with liver injury. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with Atabecestat and its metabolites (diaminothiazine [DIAT], N-acetyl DIAT & epoxide) and cloning was attempted in a number of patients. Atabecestat(metabolite)-responsive clones were analysed in terms of T-cell phenotype, function, pathways of T-cell activation and cross-reactivity with structurally related compounds. Results: CD4+ T-cell clones activated with the DIAT metabolite were detected in 5 out of 8 patients (up to 4.5% cloning efficiency). Lower numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ clones displayed reactivity against Atabecestat. Clones proliferated and secreted IFN-γ, IL-13 and cytolytic molecules following Atabecestat or DIAT stimulation. Certain Atabecestat and DIAT-responsive clones cross-reacted with N-acetyl DIAT; however, no cross-reactivity was observed between Atabecestat and DIAT. CD4+ clones were activated through a direct, reversible compound-HLA class II interaction with no requirement for protein processing. Conclusion: The detection of Atabecestat metabolite-responsive T-cell clones activated via a pharmacological interactions pathway in patients with liver injury is indicative of an immune-based mechanism for the observed hepatic enzyme elevations.
Pharmacodynamics of Atabecestat (JNJ-54861911), an oral BACE1 inhibitor in patients with early Alzheimer's disease: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Alzheimers Res Ther 2018 Aug 23;10(1):85.PMID:30134967DOI:10.1186/s13195-018-0415-6.
Background: β-Secretase enzyme (BACE) inhibition has been proposed as a priority treatment mechanism for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but treatment initiation may need to be very early. We present proof of mechanism of Atabecestat (also known as JNJ-54861911), an oral BACE inhibitor for the treatment of AD, in Caucasian and Japanese populations with early AD who do not show signs of dementia. Methods: In two similarly designed phase I studies, a sample of amyloid-positive elderly patients comprising 45 Caucasian patients with early AD diagnosed as preclinical AD (n = 15, Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR] = 0) or with mild cognitive impairment due to AD (n = 30, CDR = 0.5) and 18 Japanese patients diagnosed as preclinical AD (CDR-J = 0) were randomized 1:1:1 to Atabecestat 10 or 50 mg or placebo (n = 6-8/treatment) daily for 4 weeks. Safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) (i.e., reduction of cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] amyloid beta 1-40 [Aβ1-40] levels [primary endpoint] and effect on other AD biomarkers) of Atabecestat were evaluated. Results: In both populations, Atabecestat was well tolerated and characterized by linear PK and high central nervous system penetrance of unbound drug. Atabecestat significantly reduced CSF Aβ1-40 levels from baseline at day 28 in both the 10-mg (67-68%) and 50-mg (87-90%) dose groups compared with placebo. For Caucasians with early AD, the least squares mean differences (95% CI) were - 69.37 (- 72.25; - 61.50) and - 92.74 (- 100.08; - 85.39), and for Japanese with preclinical AD, they were - 62.48 (- 78.32; - 46.64) and - 80.81 (- 96.13; - 65.49), respectively. PK/PD model simulations confirmed that once-daily 10 mg and 50 mg Atabecestat can attain 60-70% and 90% Aβ1-40 reductions, respectively. The trend of the reduction was similar across the Aβ1-37, Aβ1-38, and Aβ1-42 fragments in both Atabecestat dose groups, consistent with Aβ1-40. CSF amyloid precursor protein fragment (sAPPβ) levels declined from baseline, regardless of patient population, whereas CSF sAPPα levels increased compared with placebo. There were no relevant changes in either CSF total tau or phosphorylated tau 181P over a 4-week treatment period. Conclusions: JNJ-54861911 at 10 and 50 mg daily doses after 4 weeks resulted in mean CSF Aβ1-40 reductions of 67% and up to 90% in both Caucasian and Japanese patients with early stage AD, confirming results in healthy elderly adults. Trial registration: ALZ1005: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01978548. Registered on 7 November 2013. ALZ1008: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02360657. Registered on 10 February 2015.
Findings of Efficacy, Safety, and Biomarker Outcomes of Atabecestat in Preclinical Alzheimer Disease: A Truncated Randomized Phase 2b/3 Clinical Trial
JAMA Neurol 2021 Mar 1;78(3):293-301.PMID:33464300DOI:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4857.
Importance: Atabecestat, a nonselective oral β-secretase inhibitor, was evaluated in the EARLY trial for slowing cognitive decline in participants with preclinical Alzheimer disease. Preliminary analyses suggested dose-related cognitive worsening and neuropsychiatric adverse events (AEs). Objective: To report efficacy, safety, and biomarker findings in the EARLY trial, both on and off Atabecestat treatment, with focus on potential recovery of effects on cognition and behavior. Design, setting, and participants: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b/3 study conducted from November 2015 to December 2018 after being stopped prematurely. The study was conducted at 143 centers across 14 countries. Participants were permitted to be followed off-treatment by the original protocol, collecting safety and efficacy data. From 4464 screened participants, 557 amyloid-positive, cognitively normal (Clinical Dementia Rating of 0; aged 60-85 years) participants (approximately 34% of originally planned 1650) were randomized before the trial sponsor stopped enrollment. Interventions: Participants were randomized (1:1:1) to Atabecestat, 5 mg (n = 189), 25 mg (n = 183), or placebo (n = 185). Main outcomes and measures: Primary outcome: change from baseline in Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite score. Secondary outcomes: change from baseline in the Cognitive Function Index and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status total scale score. Safety was monitored throughout the study. Results: Of 557 participants, 341 were women (61.2%); mean (SD) age was 70.4 (5.56) years. In May 2018, study medication was stopped early owing to hepatic-related AEs; participants were followed up off-treatment for 6 months. Atabecestat, 25 mg, showed significant cognitive worsening vs placebo for Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite at month 6 (least-square mean difference, -1.09; 95% CI, -1.66 to -0.53; P < .001) and month 12 (least-square mean, -1.62; 95% CI, -2.49 to -0.76; P < .001), and at month 3 for Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (least-square mean, -3.70; 95% CI, -5.76 to -1.63; P < .001). Cognitive Function Index participant report showed nonsignificant worsening at month 12. Systemic and neuropsychiatric-related treatment-emergent AEs were greater in Atabecestat groups vs placebo. After stopping treatment, follow-up cognitive testing and AE assessment provided evidence of reversibility of drug-induced cognitive worsening and AEs in Atabecestat groups. Conclusions and relevance: Atabecestat treatment was associated with dose-related cognitive worsening as early as 3 months and presence of neuropsychiatric treatment-emergent AEs, with evidence of reversibility after 6 months off treatment. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02569398.